• Redis源码分析(十二)--- redis-check-dump本地数据库检测


           这个文件我在今天分析学习的时候,一直有种似懂非懂的感觉,代码量700+的代码,最后开放给系统的就是一个process()方法。这里说的说的数据库检测,是针对key的检测,会用到,下面提到的结构体:

    /* Data type to hold opcode with optional key name an success status */
    /* 用于key的检测时使用,后续检测操作都用到了entry结构体 */
    typedef struct {
    	//key的名字
        char* key;
        //类型
        int type;
        //是否是成功状态
        char success;
    } entry;

    后续所涉及到的很多API都是与这个结构体相关,此代码最终检测的其实是一个叫dump.rdb的文件,在检测的后面还会加上循环冗余校验CRC64。下面亮出API:

    int checkType(unsigned char t) /* 每当添加一个新的obj类型时,都要检测这个类型是否合理 */
    int readBytes(void *target, long num) /* 在当前文件偏移量位置往后读取num个字节位置 */
    int processHeader(void) /* 读取快照文件的头部,检测头部名称或版本号是否正确 */
    int loadType(entry *e) /* 为entry赋上obj的Type */
    int peekType() /* 弹出版本号 */
    int processTime(int type) /* 去除用来表示时间的字节 */
    uint32_t loadLength(int *isencoded) /* 分type读取长度 */
    char *loadIntegerObject(int enctype) /* 根据当前整型的编码方式,获取数值,以字符形式返回 */
    char* loadLzfStringObject() /* 获得解压后的字符串 */
    char* loadStringObject() /* 获取当前文件信息字符串对象 */
    int processStringObject(char** store) /* 将字符串对象赋给所传入的参数 */
    double* loadDoubleValue() /* 文件中读取double类型值 */
    int processDoubleValue(double** store) /* 对double类型进行赋予给参数 */
    int loadPair(entry *e) /* 读取键值对 */
    entry loadEntry() /* 获取entry的key结构体 */
    void printCentered(int indent, int width, char* body) /* 输出界面对称的信息 */
    void printValid(uint64_t ops, uint64_t bytes) /* 输出有效信息 */
    void printSkipped(uint64_t bytes, uint64_t offset) /* 输出Skipped跳过bytes字节信息 */
    void printErrorStack(entry *e) /* 输出错误栈的信息 */
    void process(void) /* process方法是执行检测的主要方法 */
    

    方法里面好多loadXXX()方法,这几个load方法的确比较有用,在这个检测文件中,编写者又很人性化的构造了error的结构体,用于模拟错误信息栈的输出。

    /* Hold a stack of errors */
    /* 错误信息结构体 */
    typedef struct {
    	//具体的错误信息字符串
        char error[16][1024];
        //内部偏移量
        size_t offset[16];
        //错误信息等级
        size_t level;
    } errors_t;
    static errors_t errors;

    不同的level等级对应不同的出错信息。在API里有个比较关键的方法,loadEntry,获取key相关的结构体;

    /* 获取entry的key结构体 */
    entry loadEntry() {
        entry e = { NULL, -1, 0 };
        uint32_t length, offset[4];
    
        /* reset error container */
        errors.level = 0;
    
        offset[0] = CURR_OFFSET;
        //此处赋值type
        if (!loadType(&e)) {
            return e;
        }
    
        offset[1] = CURR_OFFSET;
        if (e.type == REDIS_SELECTDB) {
            if ((length = loadLength(NULL)) == REDIS_RDB_LENERR) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(offset[1], "Error reading database number");
                return e;
            }
            if (length > 63) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(offset[1], "Database number out of range (%d)", length);
                return e;
            }
        } else if (e.type == REDIS_EOF) {
            if (positions[level].offset < positions[level].size) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(offset[0], "Unexpected EOF");
            } else {
                e.success = 1;
            }
            return e;
        } else {
            /* optionally consume expire */
            if (e.type == REDIS_EXPIRETIME ||
                e.type == REDIS_EXPIRETIME_MS) {
                if (!processTime(e.type)) return e;
                if (!loadType(&e)) return e;
            }
    
            offset[1] = CURR_OFFSET;
            //调用loadPair为Entry赋值key
            if (!loadPair(&e)) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(offset[1], "Error for type %s", types[e.type]);
                return e;
            }
        }
    
        /* all entries are followed by a valid type:
         * e.g. a new entry, SELECTDB, EXPIRE, EOF */
        offset[2] = CURR_OFFSET;
        if (peekType() == -1) {
            SHIFT_ERROR(offset[2], "Followed by invalid type");
            SHIFT_ERROR(offset[0], "Error for type %s", types[e.type]);
            e.success = 0;
        } else {
            e.success = 1;
        }
    
        return e;
    }
    

    其中里面的关键的赋值key,value在loadPair()方法:

    /* 读取键值对 */
    int loadPair(entry *e) {
        uint32_t offset = CURR_OFFSET;
        uint32_t i;
    
        /* read key first */
        //首先从文件中读取key值
        char *key;
        if (processStringObject(&key)) {
            e->key = key;
        } else {
            SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading entry key");
            return 0;
        }
    
        uint32_t length = 0;
        if (e->type == REDIS_LIST ||
            e->type == REDIS_SET  ||
            e->type == REDIS_ZSET ||
            e->type == REDIS_HASH) {
            if ((length = loadLength(NULL)) == REDIS_RDB_LENERR) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading %s length", types[e->type]);
                return 0;
            }
        }
    
    	//读取key值后面跟着的value值
        switch(e->type) {
        case REDIS_STRING:
        case REDIS_HASH_ZIPMAP:
        case REDIS_LIST_ZIPLIST:
        case REDIS_SET_INTSET:
        case REDIS_ZSET_ZIPLIST:
        case REDIS_HASH_ZIPLIST:
        	//因为类似ziplist,zipmap等结构体其实是一个个结点连接而成的超级字符串,所以是直接读取
            if (!processStringObject(NULL)) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading entry value");
                return 0;
            }
        break;
        case REDIS_LIST:
        case REDIS_SET:
            //而上面这2种是传统的结构,要分结点读取
            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                offset = CURR_OFFSET;
                if (!processStringObject(NULL)) {
                    SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading element at index %d (length: %d)", i, length);
                    return 0;
                }
            }
        break;
        case REDIS_ZSET:
            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                offset = CURR_OFFSET;
                if (!processStringObject(NULL)) {
                    SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading element key at index %d (length: %d)", i, length);
                    return 0;
                }
                offset = CURR_OFFSET;
                if (!processDoubleValue(NULL)) {
                    SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading element value at index %d (length: %d)", i, length);
                    return 0;
                }
            }
        break;
        case REDIS_HASH:
            for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                offset = CURR_OFFSET;
                if (!processStringObject(NULL)) {
                    SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading element key at index %d (length: %d)", i, length);
                    return 0;
                }
                offset = CURR_OFFSET;
                if (!processStringObject(NULL)) {
                    SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Error reading element value at index %d (length: %d)", i, length);
                    return 0;
                }
            }
        break;
        default:
            SHIFT_ERROR(offset, "Type not implemented");
            return 0;
        }
        /* because we're done, we assume success */
        //只要执行过了,我们就认定为成功
        e->success = 1;
        return 1;
    }
    

    如果e-success=1则说明这个key的检测就过关了。为什么这么说呢,我们来看主检测方法process()方法:

    /* process方法是执行检测的主要方法 */
    void process(void) {
        uint64_t num_errors = 0, num_valid_ops = 0, num_valid_bytes = 0;
        entry entry;
        //读取文件头部获取快照文件版本号
        int dump_version = processHeader();
    
        /* Exclude the final checksum for RDB >= 5. Will be checked at the end. */
        if (dump_version >= 5) {
            if (positions[0].size < 8) {
                printf("RDB version >= 5 but no room for checksum.
    ");
                exit(1);
            }
            positions[0].size -= 8;
        }
    
        level = 1;
        while(positions[0].offset < positions[0].size) {
            positions[1] = positions[0];
    
            entry = loadEntry();
            if (!entry.success) {
            	//如果Entry不为成功状态
                printValid(num_valid_ops, num_valid_bytes);
                printErrorStack(&entry);
                num_errors++;
                num_valid_ops = 0;
                num_valid_bytes = 0;
    
                /* search for next valid entry */
                uint64_t offset = positions[0].offset + 1;
                int i = 0;
                
                //接着寻找后面3个有效entries
                while (!entry.success && offset < positions[0].size) {
                    positions[1].offset = offset;
    
                    /* find 3 consecutive valid entries */
                    //寻找3个有效的entries
                    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
                        entry = loadEntry();
                        if (!entry.success) break;
                    }
                    /* check if we found 3 consecutive valid entries */
                    if (i < 3) {
                        offset++;
                    }
                }
    
                /* print how many bytes we have skipped to find a new valid opcode */
                if (offset < positions[0].size) {
                    printSkipped(offset - positions[0].offset, offset);
                }
    
                positions[0].offset = offset;
            } else {
                num_valid_ops++;
                num_valid_bytes += positions[1].offset - positions[0].offset;
    
                /* advance position */
                positions[0] = positions[1];
            }
            free(entry.key);
        }
    
        /* because there is another potential error,
         * print how many valid ops we have processed */
        printValid(num_valid_ops, num_valid_bytes);
    
        /* expect an eof */
        if (entry.type != REDIS_EOF) {
            /* last byte should be EOF, add error */
            errors.level = 0;
            SHIFT_ERROR(positions[0].offset, "Expected EOF, got %s", types[entry.type]);
    
            /* this is an EOF error so reset type */
            entry.type = -1;
            printErrorStack(&entry);
    
            num_errors++;
        }
    
        /* Verify checksum */
        //版本号>=5的时候,需要检验校验和
        if (dump_version >= 5) {
            uint64_t crc = crc64(0,positions[0].data,positions[0].size);
            uint64_t crc2;
            unsigned char *p = (unsigned char*)positions[0].data+positions[0].size;
            crc2 = ((uint64_t)p[0] << 0) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[1] << 8) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[2] << 16) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[3] << 24) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[4] << 32) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[5] << 40) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[6] << 48) |
                   ((uint64_t)p[7] << 56);
            if (crc != crc2) {
                SHIFT_ERROR(positions[0].offset, "RDB CRC64 does not match.");
            } else {
                printf("CRC64 checksum is OK
    ");
            }
        }
    
        /* print summary on errors */
        if (num_errors) {
            printf("
    ");
            printf("Total unprocessable opcodes: %llu
    ",
                (unsigned long long) num_errors);
        }
    }
    

    如果想了解检测的详细原理,事先了解dump.rdb的文件内容结构也许会对我们又很大帮助。


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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/bianqi/p/12184265.html
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