5.中文问题（自身，操作系统级别，应用软件的本身），mysql数据库备份



第一层因素:

         mysql的自身的设置

         mysql有六处使用了字符集。分别为：client 、connection、database、results、server 、system。

         mysql>show variables like 'character%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | utf8                       |

| character_set_connection | utf8                       |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | utf8                       |

| character_set_server     | latin1                     |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

 

        

        

mysql -uroot -p--default_character_set=gbk; (影响数据的输入和输出)

        

mysql> show variables like 'character%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | gbk                        |

| character_set_connection | gbk                        |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | gbk                        |

| character_set_server     | latin1                     |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

         insertinto worker(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'赵六',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小小牛');

        

====>错误现象      

         mysql>insert into worker(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'赵六',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小小牛');

ERROR 1366 (HY000): Incorrect string value:'x80xE4xB8xAAxE5xB0...' for column 'resume' at row 1

mysql>

 

====>结论: 让你的client server 连接 ,都必须设置成一样 utf8gbk

 

 

第二层因素

         操作系统语言环境的设置

                            a)操作系统的整体的语言环境

                                     [mysql01@localhost~]$ cat /etc/sysconfig/i18n

                                                                 LANG="zh_CN.UTF-8"

                                                                 [mysql01@localhost~]$

                            b)当前用户的语言环境  linux的操作系统是基于多用户的操作系统

                                                                 [mysql01@localhost~]$ env | grep LANG*

                                                                 LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8

                                                                 [mysql01@localhost~]$

                                                                

                                               =====>当前用户的LANG设置能屏蔽操作系统语言环境设置                                      

                                                                

                            实现:改动当前用户的语言环境

                                                        [mysql01@localhost~]$ env | grep LANG

                                                        LANG=C

                                                        [mysql01@localhost~]$                                    

                                                       

                                     insertinto worker(id,name,sex,birthday,salary,entry_date,resume) values(3,'赵六六',0,'1985-09-21',7000,'2012-08-24','一个小牛');                 

                                                       

        

第三层因素

         你的应用软件的本身 文件的 存储问题....

        

         文件存储

                   最经常使用有2种方式:utf8  code936 

        

                   ====  gbk转宽字节的函数....widewinskd函数  gbk转成宽字节(Unicode2)

        

备份mysql数据库

$ mysqldump -uroot -p mydb2 >  2.sql

 

//恢复msql数据库

$ mysqldump -uroot -p mydb2 < 2.sql