给PHP安装扩展的方式有好多
一、重新编译
进入PHP源码目录./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php ...[其他编译参数]
二、通过phpize添加扩展
进入PHP源代码扩展应用目录ext，例如：
/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/
在pcntl目录下执行phpize命令然后在configure，运行结果如下：
[root@qzltxx pcntl]# phpize Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20090626 Zend Module Api No: 20090626 Zend Extension Api No: 220090626 [root@qzltxx pcntl]# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed checking for cc... cc checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out checking whether the C compiler works... yes checking whether we are cross compiling... no checking for suffix of executables... checking for suffix of object files... o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes checking whether cc accepts -g... yes checking for cc option to accept ISO C89... none needed checking how to run the C preprocessor... cc -E checking for icc... no checking for suncc... no checking whether cc understands -c and -o together... yes checking for system library directory... lib checking if compiler supports -R... no checking if compiler supports -Wl,-rpath,... yes checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking target system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu checking for PHP prefix... /usr/local/php checking for PHP includes... -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/lib checking for PHP extension directory... /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20090626 checking for PHP installed headers prefix... /usr/local/php/include/php checking if debug is enabled... no checking if zts is enabled... no checking for re2c... no configure: WARNING: You will need re2c 0.13.4 or later if you want to regenerate PHP parsers. checking for gawk... gawk checking whether to enable pcntl support... yes, shared checking for fork... yes checking for waitpid... yes checking for sigaction... yes checking for getpriority... yes checking for setpriority... yes checking for wait3... yes checking for sigprocmask... yes checking for sigwaitinfo... yes checking for sigtimedwait... yes checking for ld used by cc... /usr/bin/ld checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r checking for BSD-compatible nm... /usr/bin/nm -B checking whether ln -s works... yes checking how to recognize dependent libraries... pass_all checking for ANSI C header files... yes checking for sys/types.h... yes checking for sys/stat.h... yes checking for stdlib.h... yes checking for string.h... yes checking for memory.h... yes checking for strings.h... yes checking for inttypes.h... yes checking for stdint.h... yes checking for unistd.h... yes checking dlfcn.h usability... yes checking dlfcn.h presence... yes checking for dlfcn.h... yes checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 1966080 checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from cc object... ok checking for objdir... .libs checking for ar... ar checking for ranlib... ranlib checking for strip... strip checking if cc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no checking for cc option to produce PIC... -fPIC checking if cc PIC flag -fPIC works... yes checking if cc static flag -static works... no checking if cc supports -c -o file.o... yes checking whether the cc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yes checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes checking whether to build shared libraries... yes checking whether to build static libraries... no creating libtool appending configuration tag"CXX"to libtool configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating config.h config.status: config.h is unchanged
运行完后在make&&make install,运行结果如下：
[root@qzltxx pcntl]# make /bin/sh /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/include -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/main -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/lib -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/pcntl.c -o pcntl.lo mkdir .libs cc -I. -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/include -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/main -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/lib -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/pcntl.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/pcntl.o /bin/sh /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/include -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/main -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/lib -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/php_signal.c -o php_signal.lo cc -I. -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/include -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/main -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/lib -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -c /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/php_signal.c -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/php_signal.o /bin/sh /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/libtool --mode=link cc -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/include -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/main -I/usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl -I/usr/local/php/include/php -I/usr/local/php/include/php/main -I/usr/local/php/include/php/TSRM -I/usr/local/php/include/php/Zend -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext -I/usr/local/php/include/php/ext/date/lib -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -g -O2 -o pcntl.la -export-dynamic -avoid-version -prefer-pic -module -rpath /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/modules pcntl.lo php_signal.lo cc -shared .libs/pcntl.o .libs/php_signal.o -Wl,-soname -Wl,pcntl.so -o .libs/pcntl.so creating pcntl.la (cd .libs && rm -f pcntl.la && ln -s ../pcntl.la pcntl.la) /bin/sh /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/libtool --mode=install cp ./pcntl.la /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/modules cp ./.libs/pcntl.so /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/modules/pcntl.so cp ./.libs/pcntl.lai /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/modules/pcntl.la PATH="$PATH:/sbin"ldconfig -n /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/modules ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Libraries have been installed in: /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/modules If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR' flag during linking and do at least one of the following: - add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH' environment variable during execution - add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH' environment variable during linking - use the `-Wl,--rpath -Wl,LIBDIR' linker flag - have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf' See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Build complete. Don't forget to run 'make test'. [root@qzltxx pcntl]# make test Build complete. Don't forget to run 'make test'. PHP Warning: Module 'pcntl' already loaded in Unknown on line 0 Warning: Module 'pcntl' already loaded in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: Module 'pcntl' already loaded in Unknown on line 0 Warning: Module 'pcntl' already loaded in Unknown on line 0 ===================================================================== PHP : /usr/local/php/bin/php PHP_SAPI : cli PHP_VERSION : 5.3.27 ZEND_VERSION: 2.3.0 PHP_OS : Linux - Linux qzltxx 2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jun 22 12:19:21 UTC 2012 x86_64 INI actual : /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl/tmp-php.ini More .INIs : CWD : /usr/local/src/EZHTTP-master/soft/php-5.3.27/ext/pcntl Extra dirs : VALGRIND : Not used ===================================================================== TIME START 2015-01-23 08:12:17 ===================================================================== FAIL Test pcntl wait functionality [tests/001.phpt] FAIL pcntl: pcntl_sigprocmask(), pcntl_sigwaitinfo(), pcntl_sigtimedwait() [tests/002.phpt] FAIL pcntl: SIG_BLOCK, SIG_UNBLOCK, SIG_SETMASK [tests/003.phpt] FAIL Bug #47566 (return value of pcntl_wexitstatus()) [tests/bug47566.phpt] FAIL pcntl_alarm() [tests/pcntl_alarm.phpt] FAIL pcntl_exec() [tests/pcntl_exec.phpt] FAIL pcntl_exec() 2 [tests/pcntl_exec_2.phpt] FAIL pcntl_exec() 3 [tests/pcntl_exec_3.phpt] FAIL Test function pcntl_fork() by calling it with its expected arguments [tests/pcntl_fork_basic.phpt] FAIL Test function pcntl_fork() by testing the process isolation in the forking hierarchy father -> son -> grandson where father can not knows his grandson [tests/pcntl_fork_variation.phpt] FAIL Test pcntl_get_last_error() [tests/pcntl_get_last_error.phpt] FAIL pcntl_signal() [tests/pcntl_signal.phpt] FAIL pcnt_signal_dispatch() [tests/pcntl_signal_dispatch.phpt] FAIL pcntl_wait() [tests/pcntl_wait.phpt] FAIL Closures as a signal handler [tests/signal_closure_handler.phpt] ===================================================================== TIME END 2015-01-23 08:12:21 ===================================================================== TEST RESULT SUMMARY --------------------------------------------------------------------- Exts skipped : 0 Exts tested : 29 --------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of tests : 15 15 Tests skipped : 0 ( 0.0%) -------- Tests warned : 0 ( 0.0%) ( 0.0%) Tests failed : 15 (100.0%) (100.0%) Expected fail : 0 ( 0.0%) ( 0.0%) Tests passed : 0 ( 0.0%) ( 0.0%) --------------------------------------------------------------------- Time taken : 4 seconds ===================================================================== ===================================================================== FAILED TEST SUMMARY --------------------------------------------------------------------- Test pcntl wait functionality [tests/001.phpt] pcntl: pcntl_sigprocmask(), pcntl_sigwaitinfo(), pcntl_sigtimedwait() [tests/002.phpt] pcntl: SIG_BLOCK, SIG_UNBLOCK, SIG_SETMASK [tests/003.phpt] Bug #47566 (return value of pcntl_wexitstatus()) [tests/bug47566.phpt] pcntl_alarm() [tests/pcntl_alarm.phpt] pcntl_exec() [tests/pcntl_exec.phpt] pcntl_exec() 2 [tests/pcntl_exec_2.phpt] pcntl_exec() 3 [tests/pcntl_exec_3.phpt] Test function pcntl_fork() by calling it with its expected arguments [tests/pcntl_fork_basic.phpt] Test function pcntl_fork() by testing the process isolation in the forking hierarchy father -> son -> grandson where father can not knows his grandson [tests/pcntl_fork_variation.phpt] Test pcntl_get_last_error() [tests/pcntl_get_last_error.phpt] pcntl_signal() [tests/pcntl_signal.phpt] pcnt_signal_dispatch() [tests/pcntl_signal_dispatch.phpt] pcntl_wait() [tests/pcntl_wait.phpt] Closures as a signal handler [tests/signal_closure_handler.phpt] ===================================================================== You may have found a problem in PHP. This report can be automatically sent to the PHP QA team at http://qa.php.net/reports and http://news.php.net/php.qa.reports This gives us a better understanding of PHP's behavior. If you don't want to send the report immediately you can choose option"s"to save it. You can then email it to qa-reports@lists.php.net later. Do you want to send this report now? [Yns]: n [root@qzltxx pcntl]# make install Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20090626/
最后修改php.ini配置文件，在最后一行添加，然后重启apache
extension=pcntl.so
三、有些扩展可以通过pecl命令添加扩展
例如安装Libevent扩展直接输入命令pecl install Libevent会在目录
/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-20090626/
下生成Libevent.so，最后修改配置文件php.ini(同上一个方法）