SpringMVC入门学习框架搭建

最近学习SpringMVC，记录下。

一、首先新建web工程，步骤掠过。

二、添加maven依赖

maven网站 查找需要的依赖 

其实主要2个包也够了，一个mvc和一个context包

<properties>
        <spring.version>4.3.7.RELEASE </spring.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version> ${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
            <version>1.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

三、配置xml

 主要配置spring的contextListener以及DispatcherServlet。

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
   <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath*:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

四、在根目录下添加applicationContext.xml和springmvc.xml。

添加约束就好了。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">  
</beans>   

五、编写控制器

package hello;
@Controller
public class TestControler {
    @RequestMapping("/hello" )
    public @ResponseBody String test() {
        return "Hello world!";
    }
}

六、在springmvc.xml中添加包自动搜索路径

<context:component-scan base-package="hello"/>  

这样就能spring就能找到hello包下的控制器了。

编译、启动服务器，浏览器中输入地址http://localhost:8080/Demo/hello，显示Hello World！

七、返回Json数据格式

maven中添加json相关依赖 

                <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.5</version>
        </dependency>

在springmvc中添加 返回的格式的配置

<mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>text/plain;charset=utf-8</value>
                        <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        <value>text/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        <value>application/json;charset=utf-8</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
                <property name="objectMapper">
                    <bean class="com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper">
                        <property name="dateFormat">
                            <bean class="java.text.SimpleDateFormat">
                                <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String" value="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/>
                            </bean>
                        </property>
                    </bean>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

新建一个bean文件

public class TestBean {
    public TestBean(int i,int j) {
        this.i=i;
        this.j=j;
    }
    private int i;
    public int getI() {
        return i;
    }
    public void setI(int i) {
        this.i = i;
    }
    public int getJ() {
        return j;
    }
    public void setJ(int j) {
        this.j = j;
    }
    private int j;
    
}

修改controller文件，将返回类型改为TestBean

@Controller
public class TestControler {
    @RequestMapping("/hello" )
    public @ResponseBody TestBean test() {
        TestBean tb= new TestBean(1,2);
        return tb;
    }
}

重新编译发布就可以了。

八、如何传参数

springmvc传递参数