【原创】Linux基础之挂载硬盘

1 查看哪些硬盘没有挂载

# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

2 将新硬盘分区

# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd5cf1096.

Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199):
Using default value 209715199
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd5cf1096

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vdb1 2048 209715199 104856576 83 Linux

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

3 指定分区的文件系统格式

ext2

# mke2fs /dev/sda1

ext3

# mke2fs -j /dev/sda1

ext4

# mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sda1

btrfs

# mkfs.btrfs -f /dev/sda1

3.1 查看各个分区的文件系统格式

# parted -l
# file -s /dev/sda1
# df -T

4 挂载分区到目录

# mkdir /test
# mount /dev/sda1 /test

4.1 永久挂载

# vi /etc/fstab

/dev/sda1 /test ext4 defaults 1 1

5 查看目录以及分区

# df -h

如果想通过uuid的方式来挂载磁盘，可以在这里查看每个磁盘分区的uuid

# /dev/disk/by-uuid/