一.过滤
ps:这里需要用到django-filter模块
#1 安装:pip3 install django-filter
#2 注册,在app中注册
#3 全局配,或者局部配
'DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS': ('django_filters.rest_framework.DjangoFilterBackend',)
#4 视图类
class BookView(ListAPIView):
queryset = Book.objects.all()
serializer_class = BookSerializer
filter_fields = ('age',) #配置可以按照哪个字段来过滤
二.排序
# 局部使用
from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView
from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter
from app01.models import Book
from app01.ser import BookSerializer
class Book2View(ListAPIView):
queryset = Book.objects.all()
serializer_class = BookSerializer
filter_backends = [OrderingFilter]
ordering_fields = ('id', 'price')
# urls.py
path('books2/', views.Book2View.as_view()),
]
# 使用:
http://127.0.0.1:8000/books2/?ordering=-price
http://127.0.0.1:8000/books2/?ordering=price
http://127.0.0.1:8000/books2/?ordering=-id
三.异常处理
#统一接口返回
# 自定义异常方法,替换掉全局
# 写一个方法
# 自定义异常处理的方法
from rest_framework.views import exception_handler
from rest_framework.response import Response
from rest_framework import status
def my_exception_handler(exc, context):
response=exception_handler(exc, context)
# 两种情况,一个是None,drf没有处理
#response对象,django处理了,但是处理的不符合咱们的要求
# print(type(exc))
if not response:
if isinstance(exc, ZeroDivisionError):
return Response(data={'status': 777, 'msg': "除以0的错误" + str(exc)}, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
return Response(data={'status':999,'msg':str(exc)},status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
else:
# return response
return Response(data={'status':888,'msg':response.data.get('detail')},status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
# 全局配置setting.py
'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'app01.app_auth.my_exception_handler',
3.1封装一个Response对象
class APIResponse(Response):
def __init__(self,code=100,msg='成功',data=None,status=None,headers=None,**kwargs):
dic = {'code': code, 'msg': msg}
if data:
dic = {'code': code, 'msg': msg,'data':data}
dic.update(kwargs)
super().__init__(data=dic, status=status,headers=headers)
使用:
return APIResponse(data={"name":'lqz'},token='dsafsdfa',aa='dsafdsafasfdee')
return APIResponse(data={"name":'lqz'})
return APIResponse(code='101',msg='错误',data={"name":'lqz'},token='dsafsdfa',aa='dsafdsafasfdee',header={})
3.2 REST framework里定义好的异常
- APIException 所有异常的父类
- ParseError 解析错误
- AuthenticationFailed 认证失败
- NotAuthenticated 尚未认证
- PermissionDenied 权限决绝
- NotFound 未找到
- MethodNotAllowed 请求方式不支持
- NotAcceptable 要获取的数据格式不支持
- Throttled 超过限流次数
- ValidationError 校验失败
ps:如果没有定义好的异常,drf会直接return一个none,交给江狗来处理。