Swift

1、UITextField

  let textField = UITextField(frame: CGRect(x: 10, y: 60,  200, height: 30))
    //设置边框样式
      textField.borderStyle = .roundedRect
    //修改圆角半径的话需要将maskToBounds设置为true
        textField.layer.masksToBounds = true
        textField.layer.cornerRadius = 12.0
        textField.layer.borderWidth = 2.0
        textField.layer.borderColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
    //文本提示框文字
        textField.placeholder = "请输入用户名"
    //当文字超出文本框宽度时，自动调整文字大小
        textField.adjustsFontSizeToFitWidth = true
    //最小可缩小的字号
        textField.minimumFontSize = 14
    //文字对齐 水平
        textField.textAlignment = .center
    //文字对齐 垂直
        textField.contentVerticalAlignment = .top
        textField.contentHorizontalAlignment = .center;
    //背景图片设置
        textField.borderStyle = .none//先要除去边框样式
        textField.background = UIImage.init(named: "back")
    //清除按钮
        textField.clearButtonMode = .whileEditing//编辑时出现清除按钮
    //密码输入框
        textField.isSecureTextEntry = true//输入框会显示成小黑点
    //设置文本框关联的键盘类型
        textField.keyboardType = .numberPad//数字键盘
    //使文本框变成第一响应者
        textField.becomeFirstResponder()
    //使文本框失去焦点，并收回键盘
        textField.resignFirstResponder()
    //设置键盘return键的样式
        textField.returnKeyType = .send
     self.view.addSubview(textField)

 2、UITextView

 override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
    
    let textView = UITextView(frame: CGRect(x: 10, y: 100,  200, height: 100))
        textView.layer.borderWidth = 1
        textView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.gray.cgColor
        //是否可以编辑
        textView.isEditable = false;
        //内容是否可选
        textView.isSelectable = false
        //给文字中的号码和网址自动加链接
        textView.dataDetectorTypes = []//什么不加
        textView.dataDetectorTypes = .phoneNumber//只有电话加链接
        textView.dataDetectorTypes = .link//只有网址加链接
        textView.dataDetectorTypes = .all//电话和网址都加
        self.view .addSubview(textView)
        
        //自定义选择内容后的菜单
        let mail = UIMenuItem(title: "邮件", action:#selector(ViewController.onMail))
        let weixin = UIMenuItem(title: "微信", action: #selector(ViewController.onWeiXin))
        let menu = UIMenuController()
        menu.menuItems = [mail,weixin]
        
    }
    
    @objc func onMail(){
        print("maill")
    }
    @objc func onWeiXin(){
        print("weixin")
    }

 3、UISwitch

var uiswitch:UISwitch!
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        uiswitch = UISwitch()
        //设置位置（开关大小无法设置）
        uiswitch.center = CGPoint(x:100, y:50)
        //设置默认值
        uiswitch.isOn = true;
        uiswitch.addTarget(self, action: #selector(switchDidChange), for:.valueChanged)
        self.view.addSubview(uiswitch);
    }
    
   @objc func switchDidChange(){
        //打印当前值
        print(uiswitch.isOn)
    }