因为帮人做个网站,不想再用vs,改用java。但做小应用没必要用servlet这些重口味的。因此试试jsp,把过程写下来备忘:
一、JSP语法:
1、import包:<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=gb2312" language="java" import="java.util.*,com.jspsmart.upload.*" errorPage="" %>
2、包含文件:<%@ include file="/conn.jsp" %>
3、常用对象:
- String yid = request.getParameter("yid").toString();//注意getParameter和getAttribute的区别。
- response.sendRedirect("abc.jsp");//注意服务器端跳转和客户端跳转的区别。
- String name = (String)session.getAttribute("name");
二、分页代码:
分页其实比较简单,取数时有两种方法,一个是全部取出来,然后根据页数展示相应数据;另一种是只取特定位置数据,需要数据库支持(此处未用)。代码分成两部分,一部分是数据展示,一部分是翻页展示。
2 <tr>
3 <td height="25"><b><font color="#FF0000">信息列表</font></b></td>
4 </tr>
5 <tr>
6 <td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="#799AE1">
7 <tr>
8 <form action="newsgl.jsp" method="post" name="toGetBWList" id="Form1">
9 <td height="30" align=left> 搜索:
10 <input name="keyword" type=text value="" class="button1">
11 <input type="submit" name="Submit" value=" 搜 索 " class="button2">
12 </td>
13 <td align=right>
14 <div align="center">
15 <input type="button" name="add" value=" 新 增 " class="button2" onclick="javascript:window.open('newsmodify.jsp');">
16 <input name=reloadPage type=button value=" 刷 新 " id="reloadPage" onClick="javascript:window.location.reload();" class="button2">
17 </div></td>
18 </form>
19 </tr>
20 </table>
21 <br>
22 <table width="100%" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bordercolordark="#FFFFFF" bordercolorlight="#CCCCCC">
23 <tr bgcolor="#799AE1">
24 <td width="6%"><div align='center'><font color="#FFFFFF">选定</font></div></td>
25 <td height="20" bgcolor="#799AE1"><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF">标题</font></div></td>
26 <td width="22%" height="20"><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF">作者</font></div></td>
27
28 <td width="7%"><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF">修改</font></div></td>
29 </tr>
30 <form name="delnews" action="newsgl.jsp" method=post>
31 <input name="action" type="hidden" value="" id="action">
32 <%
33 int intPageSize; //一页显示的记录数
34 int intRowCount=0; //记录总数
35 int intPageCount=1; //总页数
36 int intPage; //待显示页码
37 String strPage;
38 int i;
39 //设置一页显示的记录数
40 intPageSize = 20;
41 //取得待显示页码
42 strPage = request.getParameter("page");
43 if(strPage==null){//表明在QueryString中没有page这一个参数,此时显示第一页数据
44 intPage = 1;
45 }
46 else{//将字符串转换成整型
47 intPage = java.lang.Integer.parseInt(strPage);
48 if(intPage<1) intPage = 1;
49 }
50 String keyword=request.getParameter("keyword");
51 if(keyword==null)keyword="*";
52 else if(keyword.equals(""))keyword="*";
53 else keyword = "*"+keyword+"*";
54 String action = request.getParameter("action");
55 if((action!=null)&&(action.equals("del"))){//delete items
56 try{
57 Connection con1=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
58 for(int j=0;j<request.getParameterValues("NewsID").length;j++){
59 PreparedStatement stmt1 = con1.prepareStatement("delete from news where nid=?");
60 stmt1.setInt(1,Integer.parseInt(request.getParameterValues("NewsID")[j]));
61 stmt1.executeUpdate();
62 stmt1.close();
63 }
64 con1.close();
65 }catch(Exception ex){
66 ex.printStackTrace();
67 }
68 }
69 try{
70 String title="";
71 String author="";
72 String content = "";
73 int nid = 0;
74 Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
75 PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement("select * from news",java.sql.ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,java.sql.ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
76 ResultSet rst=stmt.executeQuery();
77
78 //获取记录总数
79 rst.last();//??光标在最后一行
80 intRowCount = rst.getRow();//获得当前行号
81 //记算总页数
82 intPageCount = (intRowCount+intPageSize-1) / intPageSize;
83 //调整待显示的页码
84 if(intPage>intPageCount) intPage = intPageCount;
85
86 if(intPageCount>0){
87 //将记录指针定位到待显示页的第一条记录上
88 rst.absolute((intPage-1) * intPageSize + 1);
89
90 int c = 0;
91 while(c<intPageSize && !rst.isAfterLast())
92 {
93 c++;
94 title=rst.getString("title");
95 author=rst.getString("author");
96 content=rst.getString("content");
97 nid=rst.getInt("nid");
98 %>
99 <tr>
100 <td width="6%"><div align="center"><input type="checkbox" name="NewsID" value="<%=nid%>"></div></td>
101 <td height="43%" align="center" style="word-break:break-all;"><a href='newsmodify.jsp?nid=<%=nid %>' class='tt4' target='_blank'><%=title %></a></td>
102 <td width="43%" height="22"><div align="center"><a href='newsmodify.jsp?nid=<%=nid %>' class='tt4' target='_blank'><%=author %></a></div></td>
103 <td width="8%"><div align='center'><a href="newsmodify.jsp?nid=<%=nid %>" class="tt2">修改</a></div></td>
104 </tr>
105 <%
106 rst.next();
107 }
108 }
109 rst.close();
110 stmt.close();
111 con.close();
112 }catch(Exception ex){
113 ex.printStackTrace();
114 }
115 %>
116 </form>
117 </table>
118 <table width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
119 <form name="pageform" method="post" action="newsgl.jsp">
120 <tr>
121 <td width="6%" height="25">
122 <div align="center">
123 <input type='checkbox' name='selectCheck' id=selectCheck2 onclick="javascript:SelectCheckBox();">
124 </div></td>
125 <td width="33%">全部选中
126 <input name="delbtn" value="删除" type="button" class="button2" onclick="javascript:cdel();">
127
128 </td>
129 <td>
130 <div align="right">
131 共<%=intRowCount %>条信息 当前为:<font color="#FF0000"><%=intPage %></font>/<%=intPageCount %>页
132 <%if(intPage>1){%><a href="newsgl.jsp?page=<%=intPage-1%>&keyword=<%=keyword%>">上一页</a><%}%>
133 <%if(intPage<intPageCount){%><a href="newsgl.jsp?page=<%=intPage+1%>">下一页</a><%}%>
134 跳到第 <input type=text size=3 name="page" value="" class="button1"> 页
135 <input type="hidden" name="keyword" value="<%=keyword%>">
136 <input name="imageField" type="image" src="go.gif" border="0" align="absmiddle">
137 </div></td>
138 </tr>
139 </form>
140 </table></td>
141 </tr>
142 </table>
其中33-98行是分页数据产生代码;99-115行是循环展示的HTML代码;129-137行是翻页代码。
三、访问数据库:
windows下访问access数据库有2个方法:jdbc-odbc方式和jdbc方式。windows下的jdbc-odbc方式很简单,直接用getConnection即可(至少在我的机器上无需调用Class.forName("xxdriver").newInstance()),linux下应该是没有jdbc-odbc方式吧。jdbc方式需要Access_JDBC30.jar。
1、access的jdbc-odbc方式:
Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement("select * from magazines where qkll=? and journals=?");
stmt.setInt(1,yid);
stmt.setInt(2,jid);
ResultSet rst=stmt.executeQuery();
int c = 0;
while(rst.next()){
//do something
}
rst.close();
stmt.close();
con.close();
2、常用的jdbc方式,使用DriverManager.getConnection()获取连接:
try{
Class.forName("com.hxtt.sql.access.AccessDriver").newInstance();
}catch(Exception ex){
out.println("[错误] 加载数据库驱动出错");
}
String dburl="jdbc:Access:///c:/test.mdb";
//SQL Server数据库 jtds驱动
try{
Class.forName("net.sourceforge.jtds.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
}catch(Exception ex){
out.println("[错误] 加载数据库驱动出错");
}
String dburl = "jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:7788/test;user=dbuser;password=dbpassword";
//SQL Server数据库 Microsoft jdbc驱动
try{
Class.forName("com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver").newInstance();
}catch(Exception ex){
out.println("[错误] 加载数据库驱动出错");
}
String dburl = "jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://127.0.0.1:7788; DatabaseName=test;user=dbuser;password=dbpassword";
try{
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver").newInstance();
}catch(Exception ex){
out.println("[错误] 加载数据库驱动出错");
}
String dburl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@host:1521:testdb";
//jdbc-odbc桥模式访问Access
//String dburl="jdbc:odbc:driver={Microsoft Access Driver (*.mdb)};DBQ=c:/test.mdb";
四、OLE数据读写:
OLE数据的读写很简单:
inf = new FileInputStream(uploadpath+"/"+file.getFileName());
int length = inf.available();
stmt = con.prepareStatement("update magazines set title=?,abstracts=?,author=?,year=?,journals=?,filename=?,filetype=?,topic=? where mid=?");
stmt.setBinaryStream(8,inf,length);
int rst=stmt.executeUpdate();
inf.close();
读取就用getBinaryStream方法。详情可参考http://blog.csdn.net/kevinliuu/article/details/836202。
五、上传下载文件:
上传文件方法很多,大多用到组件。这里用的是jspsmart,功能很简单,但是够用了。可参考http://wenku.baidu.com/view/5781fad7b9f3f90f76c61b86.html和http://developer.51cto.com/art/200907/134497.htm。
上传文件代码:
2 su.initialize(pageContext);//必须先初始化
3 //设定允许上传的文件(通过扩展名限制),仅允许doc,txt文件。
4 su.setAllowedFilesList("doc,txt,pdf");
5 //jsp,htm,html扩展名的文件和没有扩展名的文件。
6 su.setDeniedFilesList("exe,bat,jsp,htm,html");
7 // 上传文件
8 su.upload();
9 // 将上传文件全部保存到指定目录
10 int count = su.save(uploadpath);//,SmartUpload.SAVE_VIRTUAL);
11 com.jspsmart.upload.Request mrequest = su.getRequest();
12 //利用Request对象获取参数之值
13 String act = mrequest.getParameter("act")==null?"":mrequest.getParameter("act");
14 String title = mrequest.getParameter("d_title")==null?"":mrequest.getParameter("d_title");
15 String abstracts = mrequest.getParameter("d_abstracts")==null?"":mrequest.getParameter("d_abstracts");
16 String author = mrequest.getParameter("d_author")==null?"":mrequest.getParameter("d_author");
17 int year = 2012;
18 try{
19 year = Integer.parseInt(mrequest.getParameter("d_year"));
20 }catch(Exception ex){
21 year = 2012;
22 }
23 int journals = 1;
24 try{
25 journals = Integer.parseInt(mrequest.getParameter("d_journals"));
26 }catch(Exception ex){
27 journals = 1;
28 }
29 int mid = 1;
30 try{
31 mid = Integer.parseInt(mrequest.getParameter("mid"));
32 }catch(Exception ex){
33 mid = 0;
34 }
35
36 // 逐一提取上传文件信息,同时可保存文件。
37 if(su.getFiles().getCount() >0)
38 {
39 com.jspsmart.upload.File file = su.getFiles().getFile(0);
40 try{
41 Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
42 PreparedStatement stmt;
43 int rst = 0;
44 FileInputStream inf = null;
45 inf = new FileInputStream(uploadpath+"/"+file.getFileName());
46 int length = inf.available();
47 if(mid>0){//update old news
48 stmt = con.prepareStatement("update magazines set title=?,abstracts=?,author=?,year=?,journals=?,filename=?,filetype=?,topic=? where mid=?");
49 stmt.setString(1,title);
50 stmt.setString(2,abstracts);
51 stmt.setString(3,author);
52 stmt.setInt(4,year);
53 stmt.setInt(5,journals);
54 stmt.setString(6,file.getFileName());
55 stmt.setString(7,file.getFileExt());
56 stmt.setBinaryStream(8,inf,length);
57 stmt.setInt(9,mid);
58 //out.println("<script>alert('do update')</script>");
59 }else{//add new news
60 stmt = con.prepareStatement("insert into magazines(title,abstracts,author,year,journals,filename,filetype,topic) values(?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?)");
61 stmt.setString(1,title);
62 stmt.setString(2,abstracts);
63 stmt.setString(3,author);
64 stmt.setInt(4,year);
65 stmt.setInt(5,journals);
66 stmt.setString(6,file.getFileName());
67 stmt.setString(7,file.getFileExt());
68 stmt.setBinaryStream(8,inf,length);
69 //out.println("<script>alert('do insert')</script>");
70 }
71 rst=stmt.executeUpdate();
72 inf.close();
73 java.io.File myDelFile=new java.io.File(uploadpath+"/"+file.getFileName());
74 if(myDelFile.exists())
75 {
76 myDelFile.delete();
77 }
78
79 if(rst>0){
80 out.println("<script>alert(\"修改成功\");</script>");
81 }else{
82 out.println("<script>alert(\"修改失败\");</script>");
83 }
84 stmt.close();
85 con.close();
86 //response.sendRedirect("qkgl.jsp");
87 }catch(Exception ex){
88 ex.printStackTrace();
89 }
90 }
下载文件代码:
2 String title="";
3 try{
4 mid = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("mid"));
5 }catch(Exception ex){
6 mid = 0;
7 }
8 if(mid==0){
9 out.println("<script>alert('无此文档');</script>");
10 }else{
11 try{
12 Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(dburl) ;
13 PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement("select * from magazines where mid=?");
14 stmt.setInt(1,mid);
15 ResultSet rst = stmt.executeQuery();
16 if(rst.next()){
17 String fn = rst.getString("filename");
18 if(fn==null){
19 out.println("</script>alert('无此文件');</script>");
20 }else{
21 String filename = URLEncoder.encode(fn,"UTF-8");
22 //response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + filename);
23 java.io.File temp = java.io.File.createTempFile("temp","."+rst.getString("filetype"));
24 InputStream infile = rst.getBinaryStream("topic");
25 FileOutputStream file = null;
26 file = new FileOutputStream (temp);
27 int chunk;
28 while ((chunk = infile.read()) != -1)
29 file.write(chunk);
30 file.close();
31 infile.close();
32
33 SmartUpload su = new SmartUpload();
34 // 初始化
35 su.initialize(pageContext);
36 // 设定contentDisposition为null以禁止浏览器自动打开文件,
37 //保证点击链接后是下载文件。若不设定,则下载的文件扩展名为
38 //doc时,浏览器将自动用word打开它。扩展名为pdf时,
39 //浏览器将用acrobat打开。
40 su.setContentDisposition(null);
41 // 下载文件
42 su.downloadFile(temp.getAbsolutePath());
43 out.clear();
44 out = pageContext.pushBody();
45 //out.println(temp.getAbsolutePath());
46 //out.println(fn);
47 temp.delete();
48 }
49 }
50 }catch(Exception ex){
51 ex.printStackTrace();
52 }
53 }
六、热部署(与此jsp无关):
Tomcat6的部署很简单,把war包复制到webapps下面,tomcat能自动部署(生成一个同名的目录),不过要记得删掉那个war包,否则可能会被下载。另外,如果直接修改目录下的jsp文件也能生效,class文件未测试。
此外,通过修改配置文件也能进行部署,有很多文章介绍,可参见http://www.chysoft.net/files/article_305.htm,另外,有篇写得我看不懂的也附上,http://space.itpub.net/?uid-23071790-action-viewspace-itemid-702545。
对于已经部署的应用,如需修改部署名,可以修改web.xml文件的<display-name>appname</display-name>
七、配置oracle的jndi数据源(与此jsp无关):
主要是修改配置文件:server.xml
<Resource
name="jdbc/test"
type="javax.sql.DataSource"
maxActive="200"
maxIdle="10"
username="username"
maxWait="5000"
driverClassName="oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver"
password="password"
url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:test"/>
</GlobalNamingResources>
另外还要配置content.xml:
在程序中的访问方法:
2 {
3 if((jndiname==null)||(jndiname.equals("")))
4 jndiname= "java:comp/env/jdbc/test";
5 Connection Conn=null;
6 if(Conn==null)
7 {
8 try{
9 Context ctx = new InitialContext();
10 if (ctx==null){
11 return null;
12 }
13 DataSource ds = (DataSource) ctx.lookup(jndiname);
14 if (ds != null) {
15 Conn = ds.getConnection();
16 }
17 }
18 catch(Exception ex)
19 {
20 Conn = null;
21 System.out.println(new java.util.Date().toLocaleString()+" [错误] 无法新建数据库连接,jndi:"+jndiname+"-"+ex.getMessage());
22 return Conn;
23 }
24 }
25 return Conn;
26 }