隔了几个月,又开始写博客了qwq
kruskal
时间复杂度为O(nlogn)
它的算法思路是这样的:
我们根据边的权值将所有边排序,然后枚举每条边,用并查集去查询这条边的两个端点是否在同一集合内,若在同一集合内,则删掉这条边,若不在同一结合则加入这条边,并将这两个端点所在的集合合并。
附一下代码:
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| #include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<algorithm>
using namespace std;
int n,m,q[6000];
struct lalala{ int x,y,z,save; }a[210000];
int mysort(lalala a,lalala b) { return a.z < b.z; }
int work(int x,int y) { while(q[q[x]] != q[x]) q[x] = q[q[x]]; while(q[q[y]] != q[y]) q[y] = q[q[y]]; if(q[x] == q[y]) return 1; else { q[q[y]] = q[x]; return 0; } }
int main() { long long ans = 0; scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) q[i]=i; for(int i=1; i<=m; i++) { cin>>a[i].x>>a[i].y>>a[i].z; ans += a[i].z; } sort(a+1,a+m+1,mysort); for(int i=1;i<=m;i++) { if(!work(a[i].x,a[i].y)) ans -= a[i].z; } cout << ans; return 0; }
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prim
时间复杂度O(n2)
跑得慢,代码长,没特殊功能,真不知道为什么要学它qwq……
prim的思想和某最短路算法的思路是类似的,我们将更新过的点标为白色,没有更新过的标为蓝色,然后枚举每一个蓝点(按minn值从小到大更新,这里貌似可以用堆优化,然而我比较懒qwq)并更新为白点,并用它去更新其他的蓝点(这里不用把被更新的点标为白色,不然它们就没法更新其他点,也没法被其他的点更新了)。最后将每个点的minn值加起来就好啦。
附一下代码:
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| #include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<cmath> #include<algorithm> #include<queue> #define ll long long #define INF 2147483647
using namespace std;
struct node{ int k,dis; bool operator < ( const node &x )const{return x.dis < dis;} };
priority_queue<node> que;
long long n,m,s,d[1000005],cnt,D[1000005],v[1000005];
struct Edge{ int to,next,x; }edge[2000005];
void add(int x,int y,int a) { edge[++cnt].to = y; edge[cnt].x = a; edge[cnt].next = d[x]; d[x] = cnt; }
int main() { int x,y,a; scanf("%lld%lld%lld",&n,&m,&s); for(register int i = 1; i <= m; i++) { scanf("%d%d%d",&x,&y,&a); add(x,y,a); } que.push((node){s,0}); for(register int i = 1; i <= n; i++) D[i] = INF; D[s] = 0; while(!que.empty()) { node u = que.top(); que.pop(); if(v[u.k]) continue; v[u.k] = 1; for(register int i = d[u.k]; i; i = edge[i].next) { if(D[edge[i].to] > D[u.k] + edge[i].x) { D[edge[i].to] = edge[i].x + D[u.k]; if(!v[edge[i].to]) que.push((node){edge[i].to,D[edge[i].to]}); } } } for(register int i = 1; i <= n; i++) printf("%d ",D[i]); printf("
"); return 0; }
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prim的堆优化
既然prim和某最短路算法的思路是相似的,那么ta和某最短路算法一样也可以用堆优化,可以把时间复杂度从O(n2)降到O(nlongn)
依然是跑得慢,代码长,没特殊功能qwq……
附一下代码:
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| #include<iostream> #include<cstring> #include<cstdio> #include<cmath> #include<algorithm> #include<queue> #define ll long long #define INF 0x7fffffff #define re register
using namespace std;
int read() { register int x = 0,f = 1;register char ch; ch = getchar(); while(ch > '9' || ch < '0'){if(ch == '-') f = -f;ch = getchar();} while(ch <= '9' && ch >= '0'){x = x * 10 + ch - 48;ch = getchar();} return x * f; }
struct edge{ int x,y,z; }a[500005];
struct EDGE{ int next,to,x,save; }e[500005];
struct node{ int k,dis; bool operator < (const node & x) const {return x.dis < dis;} }now;
priority_queue <node> que;
int cnt,d[100005];
void add(int x,int y,int a) { e[++cnt].to = y; e[cnt].x = a; e[cnt].next = d[x]; d[x] = cnt; }
int n,m,q,x,y,z,ans,minn[100005],vis[100005];
int mysort(edge a1, edge a2) { if(a1.x != a2.x) return a1.x < a2.x; if(a1.y != a2.y) return a1.y < a2.y; return a1.z < a2.z; }
int main() { n = read(); m = read(); for(re int i = 1; i <= m; i++) { a[i].x = read(); a[i].y = read(); a[i].z = read(); } sort(a + 1, a + m + 1, mysort); for(re int i = 1; i <= m; i++) if(a[i].x != a[i - 1].x || a[i].y != a[i - 1].y) { add(a[i].x, a[i].y, a[i].z); add(a[i].y, a[i].x, a[i].z); } for(re int i = 1; i <= n; i++) minn[i] = INF; que.push((node){1,0}); while(!que.empty()) { now = que.top(); que.pop(); vis[now.k] = 1; for(re int i = d[now.k]; i; i = e[i].next) if(!vis[e[i].to] && e[i].x < minn[e[i].to]) { minn[e[i].to] = e[i].x; que.push((node){e[i].to,minn[e[i].to]}); } } for(re int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ans = ans + minn[i]; printf("%d
",ans); return 0; }
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