• HDU-简单计算器-1237


    这道题我做了一天,把中缀表达式转化为后缀表达式,但遇到了储存的问题,考虑了好久,写出后又调试,弄了一天,下面说一下中缀表达式转换后缀表达式:

    算法:

    中缀表达式转后缀表达式的方法:
    1.遇到操作数:直接输出(添加到后缀表达式中)
    2.栈为空时,遇到运算符,直接入栈
    3.遇到左括号:将其入栈
    4.遇到右括号:执行出栈操作,并将出栈的元素输出,直到弹出栈的是左括号,左括号不输出。
    5.遇到其他运算符:加减乘除:弹出所有优先级大于或者等于该运算符的栈顶元素,然后将该运算符入栈
    6.最终将栈中的元素依次出栈,输出。
    例如
    a+b*c+(d*e+f)*g ----> abc*+de*f+g*+

    遇到a:直接输出:
    后缀表达式:a
    堆栈:空

    遇到+:堆栈:空,所以+入栈
    后缀表达式:a
    堆栈:+
    遇到b: 直接输出
    后缀表达式:ab
    堆栈:+
    遇到*:堆栈非空,但是+的优先级不高于*,所以*入栈
    后缀表达式: ab
    堆栈:*+
    遇到c:直接输出
    后缀表达式:abc
    堆栈:*+
    遇到+:堆栈非空,堆栈中的*优先级大于+,输出并出栈,堆栈中的+优先级等于+,输出并出栈,然后再将该运算符(+)入栈
    后缀表达式:abc*+
    堆栈:+
    遇到(:直接入栈
    后缀表达式:abc*+
    堆栈:(+
    遇到d:输出
    后缀表达式:abc*+d
    堆栈:(+
    遇到*:堆栈非空,堆栈中的(优先级小于*,所以不出栈
    后缀表达式:abc*+d
    堆栈:*(+
    遇到e:输出
    后缀表达式:abc*+de
    堆栈:*(+
    遇到+:由于*的优先级大于+,输出并出栈,但是(的优先级低于+,所以将*出栈,+入栈
    后缀表达式:abc*+de*
    堆栈:+(+
    遇到f:输出
    后缀表达式:abc*+de*f
    堆栈:+(+
    遇到):执行出栈并输出元素,直到弹出左括号,所括号不输出
    后缀表达式:abc*+de*f+
    堆栈:+
    遇到*:堆栈为空,入栈
    后缀表达式: abc*+de*f+
    堆栈:*+
    遇到g:输出
    后缀表达式:abc*+de*f+g
    堆栈:*+
    遇到中缀表达式结束:弹出所有的运算符并输出
    后缀表达式:abc*+de*f+g*+
    堆栈:空

    #include <iostream>
    #include <cstring>
    #include <cstdio>
    using namespace std;

    union{
        double n;
        char m;
    }a[1000];

    int main()
    {
        double aq[1000];
        int top1,top2,top3,len,i,d;
        char b[1000],gst[1000];
        while(gets(gst)>0)
        {
            memset(a,0,sizeof(a));
            memset(aq,0,sizeof(aq));
             len=strlen(gst);
            if(gst[0]=='0'&&len==1)
                break;
            top1=top2=top3=-1;
            d=0;
          
            for(i=0; i<len; i++)
            {
                if(gst[i]!=' ')
                {
                    if(gst[i]>='0'&&gst[i]<='9')
                    {
                        if(d==0)
                            top1++;
                        a[top1].n=a[top1].n*10+gst[i]-48;
                    }
                    d=1;
                    switch(gst[i])
                    {
                    case'+':
                        while(b[top2]=='*'||b[top2]=='/'||b[top2]=='+'||b[top2]=='-')
                        {
                            if(b[top2]=='*')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='*';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='/')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='/';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='+')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='+';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='-')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='-';
                                top2--;
                            }
                        }
                        if(top2==-1)
                        {
                            top2++;
                            b[top2]='+';
                        }
                        break;
                    case'-':
                        while(b[top2]=='*'||b[top2]=='/'||b[top2]=='+'||b[top2]=='-')
                        {
                            if(b[top2]=='*')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='*';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='/')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='/';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='+')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='+';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='-')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='-';
                                top2--;
                            }
                        }
                        if(top2==-1)
                        {
                            top2++;
                            b[top2]='-';
                        }
                        break;
                    case'*':
                        while(b[top2]=='*'||b[top2]=='/')
                        {
                            if(b[top2]=='*')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='*';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='/')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='/';
                                top2--;
                            }
                        }
                        top2++;
                        b[top2]='*';
                        break;
                    case'/':
                        while(b[top2]=='*'||b[top2]=='/')
                        {
                            if(b[top2]=='*')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='*';
                                top2--;
                            }
                            if(b[top2]=='/')
                            {
                                top1++;
                                a[top1].m='/';
                                top2--;
                            }
                        }
                        top2++;
                        b[top2]='/';
                        break;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    d=0;
                }
            }
           
            for(;top2>=0;top2--)
            {
                switch(b[top2])
                {
                case'+':
                    top1++;
                    a[top1].m=b[top2];
                    break;
                case'-':
                    top1++;
                    a[top1].m=b[top2];
                    break;
                case'*':
                    top1++;
                    a[top1].m=b[top2];
                    break;
                case'/':
                    top1++;
                    a[top1].m=b[top2];
                    break;
                }
            }
            for(i=0;i<((len+1)/2);i++)
            {
                if(a[i].m!='+'&&a[i].m!='-'&&a[i].m!='*'&&a[i].m!='/')
                {
                    top3++;
                    aq[top3]=a[i].n;
                }
                else
                {
                    switch(a[i].m)
                    {
                    case'+':
                        aq[top3-1]+=aq[top3];
                        top3--;
                        break;
                    case'-':
                        aq[top3-1]-=aq[top3];
                        top3--;
                        break;
                    case'*':
                        aq[top3-1]*=aq[top3];
                        top3--;
                        break;
                    case'/':
                        aq[top3-1]/=aq[top3];
                        top3--;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
            printf("%.2lf ",aq[0]);
        }
        return 0;
    }

    这题是练习栈的很好的题,一队友子的代码,没用栈的知识,很好理解:

    #include<stdio.h>
    #include<string.h>
    int main()
    {
        char a[1000];
        int i,len,j,k,t,e;
        double b[10000],flag[10000],sum;
        while(gets(a))
        {
            len=strlen(a);k=0;
            for (i=0;i<len;i++)
            if(a[i]=='0')
            k++;
            if(k==len)
            break;
            memset(b,0,sizeof(b));
            memset(flag,0,sizeof(flag));
            k=0;
            for (i=0,j=0;i<=len;i++)
            {
                if(a[i]>='0'&&a[i]<='9')
                k++;
                else if(a[i]==' '||i==len)
                {
                    int s=1.0;
                    for (t=0,e=i-1;t<k;t++,e--)
                    {
                        if(t!=0)
                    b[j]=(double)(a[e]-'0')*s+b[j];
                    else
                    b[j]=(double)(a[e]-'0')*1.0;
                    s*=10;
                    }

                    if(k)
                    j++;
                    k=0;
                }
                else if(a[i]=='+')
                flag[j++]=1;
                else if(a[i]=='-')
                flag[j++]=2;
                else if(a[i]=='*')
                flag[j++]=3;
                else if(a[i]=='/')
                flag[j++]=4;
            }

            for (i=0;i<j;i++)
            {
                if(flag[i]==3)
                    {
                        b[i+1]=b[i+1]*b[i-1];
                        b[i-1]=0;
                        if (flag[i-2]==2)
                         flag[i]=2;
                         else flag[i]=1;
                    }
                else if(flag[i]==4)
                    {
                        b[i+1]=b[i-1]/b[i+1];
                         b[i-1]=0;
                         if (flag[i-2]==2)
                         flag[i]=2;
                         else flag[i]=1;
                    }
            }

            for(i=1;i<j;i++)
            {
                if(flag[i]==2)
                {b[i+1]=-b[i+1];}
            }
            sum=0;
            for (i=0;i<j;i++)
            sum+=b[i];
            printf ("%.2lf ",sum);
        }
        return 0;
    }

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/aukle/p/3225981.html
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