• android的布局管理器


    理论上通过setContentView(view)能够把一个view设置到activity中,但当你有很多个view控件的时候,就需要用android的布局管理器来管理view控件了。

    android布局管理器有以下几种:

    1.线性布局  LinearLayout

    2.框架布局  FrameLayout

    3.表格布局  TableLayout

    4.相对布局  RelativeLayout

    5.绝对布局  AbsoluteLayout

    一、LinearLayout 线性布局管理器

    线性布局分为水平布局和垂直布局两种。水平布局就是把view水平排列,通过layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.HORIZONTAL);垂直是吧View垂直排列,通过layout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL)来实现。

    public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            
            
            LinearLayout lly = new LinearLayout(this);
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams llp = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
            lly.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
            
            setContentView(lly, llp);
            
            LinearLayout.LayoutParams viewparams = new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, 
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            
            TextView tv1 = new TextView(this);
            tv1.setText("This is Text1");
            tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(0, 255, 30));
            
            TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
            tv2.setText("This is Text2");
            tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(255, 30, 60));
            
            lly.addView(tv1,viewparams);
            lly.addView(tv2,viewparams);
            
        }    
    
    }

    上边代码中Layoutparams llp是为了保证setContentView时候 lly布局能够填满整个屏幕;而第二个Layoutparams viewparams则是为了让lly里边的控件都能够保持长度填满lly,高度取控件自身高度,最后通过addView(view, params),通过实验发现其实这里不设置params,直接addView(view)的效果是一样的,都是长填满,高取控件高度。

    二、FrameLayout 框架布局管理器

    这个感觉没有什么太大的作用,FrameLayout就是把布局里边的所有控件都放到左上角,并逐个覆盖。

    public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        
            
            FrameLayout ll = new FrameLayout(this);
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams llp = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
            
            setContentView(ll, llp);
            
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams viewparams = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            
            TextView tv1 = new TextView(this);
            tv1.setText("This is Text1Text1Text1.");
            tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(0, 255, 30));
            
            TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
            tv2.setText("This is Text2");
            tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(255, 30, 60));
            
            ll.addView(tv1,viewparams);
            ll.addView(tv2,viewparams);        
        }
    }

    三、TableLayout 表格布局管理器

    public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        
            
            TableLayout tl = new TableLayout(this);
            TableLayout.LayoutParams tlp = new TableLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, 
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            tl.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);
            setContentView(tl, tlp);
            
            String[][] data = new String[][]{
                    {"姓名", "学号", "年级", "职务", "住址"},
                    {"小明", "1000", "3", "班长", "北京市西山区第一街365号"},
                    {"小兰", "2001", "6", "班长,学习委员", "北京市海淀区春熙路63号"}
            };
            
            for(int i=0; i<data.length; i++)
            {
                TableRow row = new TableRow(this);
                for(int j=0; j<data[i].length; j++)
                {
                    TextView tv = new TextView(this);
                    tv.setText(data[i][j]);
                    row.addView(tv);
                }
                tl.addView(row);
            }
            
            //tl.setShrinkAllColumns(true);    //所有列都可折叠
            //tl.setColumnShrinkable(3, true);  //第4列可折叠
            //tl.setColumnCollapsed(2, true);   //第3列不显示
        }
    }
    正常:


    折叠:


    不显示:



    四、RelativeLayout 相对布局管理器

    public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        
            
            RelativeLayout rl = new RelativeLayout(this);
            RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp0 = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT, 
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            rl.setBackgroundColor(Color.rgb(102, 255, 179));
            setContentView(rl, rlp0);
            
            RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, 1);
            rlp.leftMargin = 10;
            rlp.topMargin = 10;
            
            TextView tv1 = new TextView(this);
            tv1.setText("This is Text1");
            tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);
            tv1.setId(1);
            rl.addView(tv1);
            
            TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
            tv2.setText("This is Text2");
            tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLUE);
            rl.addView(tv2, rlp);
            
            
            RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp2 = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            rlp2.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1);
            rlp2.leftMargin = 10;
            
            
            TextView tv3 = new TextView(this);
            tv3.setText("This is Text3");
            tv3.setBackgroundColor(Color.YELLOW);
            rl.addView(tv3, rlp2);
            
        }
    }
    
    

    本来想用一个layoutParams通过addRule和removeRule的方式来控制所有的RelativeLayout中的view控件,但实验中却发现要使用removeRule必须把androidSDK改到17(本来是8),还有就是,layoutParams会把所有对它进行的设置都更改之后再去设置控件,有点不懂哈,上例子:

    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, 1);
            
            TextView tv1 = new TextView(this);
            tv1.setText("This is Text1");
            tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);
            tv1.setId(1);
            rl.addView(tv1);    

          TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
          tv2.setText("This is Text2");
          tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);
          rl.addView(tv2, rlp);

            rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1);
    
    

    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams rlp = new RelativeLayout.LayoutParams(
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
                    ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
            rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.BELOW, 1);
            
            rlp.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1);
            
            TextView tv1 = new TextView(this);
            tv1.setText("This is Text1");
            tv1.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);
            tv1.setId(1);
            rl.addView(tv1);

         TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
         tv2.setText("This is Text2");
         tv2.setBackgroundColor(Color.GRAY);
         rl.addView(tv2, rlp);

    结果是一样的,也就是说不管 rlp2.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, 1);位置在rl.addView(tv2, rlp)的前边或者后边,结果都一样,这点和传统上的顺序执行有点不一样。




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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/atomgame/p/3915217.html
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