问题描述:
输入一个表达式(表达式中的数均为小于10的正整数),利用二叉树来表示该表达数,创建表达式树,然后利用二叉树的遍历操作求表达式的值。
输入要求:
多组数据,每组一行,以‘=’结尾。当输入只有一个‘=’时, 输入结束。
输出要求:
每组数据输出一行为表达式的值。
样例:
输入样例:
1+2-3*4+(1+2)*3=
=
输出样例:
0
思路:分别用num 队列来存数,op队列来存运算符。然后取一个运算符为父节点,取两个数为子结点。将数叠加后就组成了一颗表达式树,然后后序遍历求值即可。
#include<iostream> #include<stack> #include<queue> using namespace std; typedef struct Node* BinTree; typedef BinTree BT; // 1+2-3*4+(1+2)*3= string s; queue<char> num; queue<char> op; struct Node{ char Data; BT Left; BT Right; int ans; }; int fact(char c) { if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return 1; else return 2; } BT createNode(char c){ BT p = new Node; p->Data = c; p->Left = p->Right = NULL; if (fact(c) == 1) p->ans = c - '0'; else p->ans = 0; return p; } BT createTree() { for (int i = 0; i < s.size() - 1; i++) { if(fact(s[i]) == 1) num.push(s[i]); else op.push(s[i]); } BT Head = NULL; int flag = 0; //标记有括号时的情况 int sflag = 0; //处理开始时为括号的情况 if(s[0] == '(') sflag = 1; while(!op.empty()) { char option; option = op.front(); op.pop(); if (option != '(' && option != ')') { BT T = createNode(option); if (option == '+' || option == '-') { if (flag == 0) { if (Head == NULL) { T->Left = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); } else { T->Left = Head; T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); } Head = T; } else { if (Head == NULL) { T->Left = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); Head = T; } else { T->Left = Head->Right ; Head->Right = T; T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); } } } else if(option == '*' || option == '/') { if (flag == 0) { if(Head == NULL) { T->Left = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); Head = T; } else { if(sflag == 1 || Head->Data == '*' || Head->Data == '/') { T->Left = Head; Head = T; T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); sflag =0; } else { T->Left = Head->Right ; Head->Right = T; T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); } } } if (flag == 1) { if(Head == NULL) { T->Left = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); Head = T; } else { T->Left = Head->Right; Head->Right= T; T->Right = createNode(num.front()); num.pop(); } } } } else if (option == '('){ flag = 1; //continue; } else if (option == ')'){ flag = 0; //continue; } } return Head; } void InorderTraversal_1(BT L){ if(L){ InorderTraversal_1(L->Left ); printf("%d ",L->ans ); InorderTraversal_1(L->Right ); } } void solve(BT L){ if(L){ solve(L->Left ); solve(L->Right ); char option = L->Data ; if (option == '+') L->ans = L->Left->ans + L->Right->ans ; if (option == '-') L->ans = L->Left->ans - L->Right->ans ; if (option == '*') L->ans = L->Left->ans * L->Right->ans ; if (option == '/') L->ans = L->Left->ans / L->Right->ans ; //if(option < '0' || option > '9') // printf("%d %c %d = %d ", L->Left->ans, option, L->Right->ans, L->ans ); } } void InorderTraversal_2(BT L){ BT T=L; stack<BinTree> s; while(T||!s.empty()){ while(T){ s.push(T); T=T->Left ; } T=s.top(); s.pop(); printf("%c ",T->Data ); T=T->Right ; } } int main() { while(cin >> s && s[0] != '='){ BT H = createTree(); //InorderTraversal_2(H); //cout << endl; solve(H); //InorderTraversal_1(H); //cout << endl; cout << H->ans << endl; } }
可能我写的过于复杂,有同学做的比较好
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