• WCF技术剖析之二十九:换种不同的方式调用WCF服务[提供源代码下载]


    我们有两种典型的WCF调用方式:通过SvcUtil.exe(或者添加Web引用)导入发布的服务元数据生成服务代理相关的代码和配置;通过ChannelFactory<TChannel>创建服务代理对象。在这篇文章中,我们采用一种独特的方式进行服务的调用。从本质上讲,我们只要能够创建于服务端相匹配的终结点,就能够实现正常的服务调用。在WCF客户端元数据架构体系中,利用MetadataExchangeClient可以获取服务的元数据,而利用MetadataImporter将获取的元数据导入成ServiceEndpoint对象。在本例中,我们将利用这两个组件定义了一个独特的服务调用的简单的例子,相信可以帮助读者进一步加深对WCF元数据框架体系的理解。 (Source从这里下载)

    我们依然采用我们熟悉的计算服务的例子,下面是该服务相应的服务契约、服务类型的定义和寄宿该服务采用的配置。

       1: using System.ServiceModel;
       2: namespace Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Contracts
       3: {
       4:     [ServiceContract(Namespace = "http://www.artech.com/")]
       5:     public interface ICalculator
       6:     {
       7:         [OperationContract]
       8:         double Add(double x, double y);
       9:     }
      10: }

    服务类型:

       1: using System.ServiceModel;
       2: using Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Contracts;
       3:  
       4: namespace Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Services
       5: {
       6:     public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
       7:     {
       8:         public double Add(double x, double y)
       9:         {
      10:             return x + y;
      11:         }
      12:     }
      13: }

    配置:

       1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
       2: <configuration>
       3:     <system.serviceModel>
       4:         <behaviors>
       5:             <serviceBehaviors>
       6:                 <behavior name="mexBehavior">
       7:                     <serviceMetadata />
       8:                 </behavior>
       9:             </serviceBehaviors>
      10:         </behaviors>
      11:         <services>
      12:             <service behaviorConfiguration="mexBehavior" name="Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Services.CalculatorService">
      13:                 <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice" binding="ws2007HttpBinding" contract="Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Contracts.ICalculator" />
      14:                 <endpoint address="http://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice/mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      15:             </service>
      16:         </services>
      17:     </system.serviceModel>
      18: </configuration>

    从上面的配置我们可以看到,服务的元数据通过WS-MEX模式发布出来,发布的地址和采用的MEX绑定分别为:http://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice/mex和mexHttpBinding。

    接下来,我们就可以通过下面的方式对该服务进行调用了。我们先创建MetadataExchangeClient对象并利用它获取包含元数据的MetadataSet对象,并利用该对象创建WsdlImporter对象。接下来,我们将基于ICalculator接口的服务契约添加到该WsdlImporter的已知契约列表中,调用ImportAllEndpoints方法得到导入的ServiceEndpoint列表。最后根据导出的ServiceEndpoint对象创建ChannelFactory<ICalculator>对象,并创建服务代理进行服务调用。

       1: sing System;
       2: using System.ServiceModel;
       3: using System.ServiceModel.Description;
       4: using System.Xml;
       5: using Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Contracts;
       6: namespace Artech.ServiceInvocationViaMetadata.Client
       7: {
       8:     class Program
       9:     {
      10:         static void Main(string[] args)
      11:         {
      12:             MetadataExchangeClient metadataExchangeClient = new MetadataExchangeClient(MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding());
      13:             MetadataSet metadata = metadataExchangeClient.GetMetadata(new EndpointAddress("http://127.0.0.1:3721/calculatorservice/mex"));
      14:             WsdlImporter wsdlImporter = new WsdlImporter(metadata);
      15:             //添加已知契约类型
      16:             ContractDescription contract = ContractDescription.GetContract(typeof(ICalculator));
      17:             wsdlImporter.KnownContracts.Add(new XmlQualifiedName(contract.Name, contract.Namespace), contract);
      18:             ServiceEndpointCollection endpoints = wsdlImporter.ImportAllEndpoints();
      19:             using (ChannelFactory<ICalculator> channelFactory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculator>(endpoints[0]))
      20:             {
      21:                 ICalculator calculator = channelFactory.CreateChannel();
      22:                 using (calculator as IDisposable)
      23:                 {
      24:                     try
      25:                     {
      26:                         Console.WriteLine("x + y = {2} when x = {0} and y = {1}", 1, 2, calculator.Add(1, 2));
      27:                     }
      28:                     catch(TimeoutException)
      29:                     {
      30:                         (calculator as ICommunicationObject).Abort();
      31:                         throw;
      32:                     }
      33:                     catch(CommunicationException)
      34:                     {
      35:                         (calculator as ICommunicationObject).Abort();
      36:                         throw;
      37:                     }
      38:                 }
      39:             }
      40:             Console.Read();
      41:         }
      42:     }
      43: }
    作者:Artech
    出处:http://artech.cnblogs.com
    本文版权归作者和博客园共有,欢迎转载,但未经作者同意必须保留此段声明,且在文章页面明显位置给出原文连接,否则保留追究法律责任的权利。
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/artech/p/1635364.html
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