Java生成与解析二维码

前言： 这周有个项目需要生成二维码，研究了一下使用Google的zxing生成二维码，发现效果还可以，在这里记录下。如果需要更加定制化的二维码，也可接通第三方API服务生成二维码。

一、生成二维码 : 

@Component("qrcodeHandler")
public class QrcodeHandlerImpl implements QrcodeHandler {
    
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QrcodeHandlerImpl.class);

    /** 二维码颜色 */
    private static final int FRONT_COLOR = 0xFF000000; // 前景色黑色
    private static final int BACK_COLOR = 0xFFFFFFFF;  // 背景色白色
    
    /** 编码格式 */
    private static final String CHARACTER_SET = "UTF-8";
    
    /** 图片类型 */
    private static final String FORMAT = "png";
    
    /** 二维码尺寸 */
    private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;
    
    /** logo信息 */
    private static final int LOGO_SIZE = 60;
    
    private static final HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object> hints; 
    
    static {
        hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARACTER_SET);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.M);
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
    }
    
    /**
     * 生成简单的二维码
     * 
     * @param contents  二维码实际内容，包括网址、文本、文件等, 如http://www.cnblogs.com/ark-blog/
     * @param destFile  生成的二维码文件
     */
    public void generateSimpleQrcode(String contents, File destFile) {
        
        try {

            // 1. 生成位矩阵
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints);
            
            // 2. 保存图片
            MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, FORMAT, destFile.toPath());
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("#generateSimpleQrcode() - create qrcode failed, exception=[{}]", e);
            throw BusinessException.newInstance("500", "create qrcode failed");
        }
        
    }

    /**
     * 生成带logo的二维码
     * 
     * @param contents  二维码实际内容，包括网址、文本、文件等, 如http://www.cnblogs.com/ark-blog/
     * @param logoFile  logo
     * @param destFile  生成的二维码文件
     */
    public void generateLogoQrcode(String contents, File logoFile, File destFile) {
        
        try {

            // 1. 创建位矩阵图
            MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();
            BitMatrix bitMatrix = multiFormatWriter.encode(contents, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, hints);
            BufferedImage qrcodeImage = new BufferedImage(QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            for (int x = 0; x < QRCODE_SIZE; x++) {
                for (int y = 0; y < QRCODE_SIZE; y++) {
                    qrcodeImage.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? FRONT_COLOR : BACK_COLOR);
                }
            }
            
            // 2. 在矩阵图上绘制logo
            Image logoImage = ImageIO.read(logoFile);    
            BufferedImage logoBufferedImage = new BufferedImage(LOGO_SIZE, LOGO_SIZE, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            logoBufferedImage.getGraphics().drawImage(logoImage, 0, 0, null);
            
            int position = (QRCODE_SIZE - LOGO_SIZE) / 2;
            Graphics2D graphics2d = qrcodeImage.createGraphics();
            graphics2d.drawImage(logoBufferedImage, position, position, null);
            graphics2d.dispose();
            
            // 3. 保存图片
            qrcodeImage.flush();
            ImageIO.write(qrcodeImage, FORMAT, destFile);
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("#generateLogoQrcode() - create qrcode failed, exception=[{}]", e);
            throw BusinessException.newInstance("500", "create qrcode failed");
        }
        
    }

}

二、解析二维码

@Component("qrcodeHandler")
public class QrcodeHandlerImpl implements QrcodeHandler {
    
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(QrcodeHandlerImpl.class);

    /** 
     * 解析二维码
     * 
     * @param qrcode   待解析二维码文件
     * @return         解析结果
     */
    public Result decode(File qrcode) {
        
        try {
            
            // 1. 得到qrcode的bigmap数据
            BufferedImage bufferedImage = ImageIO.read(qrcode);
            BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(bufferedImage)));
            
            // 2. 解码配置
            Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>();
            hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
            
            // 3. 解析二维码
            MultiFormatReader reader = new MultiFormatReader();
            Result result = reader.decode(bitmap, hints);
            
            logger.trace("#decode() - result=[{}], qrcode-barcodeFormat=[{}], qrcode-content=[{}]",
                        result.toString(), result.getBarcodeFormat(), result.getText());
            return result;
            
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("#decode() - decode qrcode failed, exception=[{}]", e);
            throw BusinessException.newInstance("500", "Decode qrcode failed");
        }
        
    }

}