docker 安装和基本操作

安装 docker

二进制格式

tar -xf /usr/local/src/docker/docker-19.03.9.tgz
cd docker/
mv * /usr/bin/
mkdir /etc/docker
vi /etc/docker/daemon.json
dockerd &

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yum 包

yum install epel-release
yum install docker-io

centos-6

yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager     --add-repo     https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
systemctl status docker
docker -v

centos-7

默认关闭了【nightly or test】在 docker-ce.repo 中：

yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-nightly
yum-config-manager --enable docker-ce-test
yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-nightly
yum-config-manager --disable docker-ce-test

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指定确定的版本来安装

yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
yum install docker-ce-<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli-<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io

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下载 rpm 包：download

[root@docker-01 ~]# ll
total 19112
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 19535688 Jun 24 16:57 docker-ce-17.03.3.ce-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29392 Jun 24 16:57 docker-ce-selinux-17.03.3.ce-1.el7.noarch.rpm

[root@docker-01 ~]# yum -y install *

[root@docker-01 ~]# systemctl status docker
systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: inactive (dead)
Docs: https://docs.docker.com

[root@docker-01 ~]# docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
0e03bdcc26d7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:d58e752213a51785838f9eed2b7a498ffa1cb3aa7f946dda11af39286c3db9a9
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
(amd64)
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
https://hub.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/get-started/

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阿里安装

# step 1: 安装必要的一些系统工具
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
# Step 2: 添加软件源信息
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# Step 3: 更新并安装Docker-CE
sudo yum makecache fast
sudo yum -y install docker-ce
# Step 4: 开启Docker服务
sudo service docker start

# 注意：
# 官方软件源默认启用了最新的软件，您可以通过编辑软件源的方式获取各个版本的软件包。例如官方并没有将测试版本的软件源置为可用，您可以通过以下方式开启。同理可以开启各种测试版本等。
# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ee.repo
#   将[docker-ce-test]下方的enabled=0修改为enabled=1
#
# 安装指定版本的Docker-CE:
# Step 1: 查找Docker-CE的版本:
# yum list docker-ce.x86_64 --showduplicates | sort -r
#   Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
#   Loaded plugins: branch, fastestmirror, langpacks
#   docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
#   docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            @docker-ce-stable
#   docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
#   Available Packages
# Step2: 安装指定版本的Docker-CE: (VERSION例如上面的17.03.0.ce.1-1.el7.centos)
# sudo yum -y install docker-ce-[VERSION]

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服务管理

systemctl start docker
systemctl stop docker

yum

镜像加速

# 是 daemon.json 不是 docker.json
[root@docker-01 ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"]
}

# 重启用 restart，reload 不生效
[root@docker-01 ~]# systemctl reload docker
[root@docker-01 ~]# docker info

[root@docker-01 ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@docker-01 ~]# docker info

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# 是 daemon.json 不是 docker.json
[root@docker-01 ~]# vi /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com","https://registry.docker-cn.com","https://mirror.ccs.tencentyun.com"]
}

https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn

# 重启用 restart，reload 不生效
[root@docker-01 ~]# systemctl reload docker
[root@docker-01 ~]# docker info

[root@docker-01 ~]# systemctl restart docker
[root@docker-01 ~]# docker info

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重新配置镜像信息，重启一下

#这里操作，等同于登录到本地内建虚拟机执行编辑配置的操作
docker-machine ssh default
sudo vi /var/lib/boot2docker/profile
# --registry-mirror http://hub-mirror.c.163.com
exit
docker-machine restart default
# 检查添加
docker info

windows 环境下【DockerToolbox】

卸载
卸载 7 的 yum

yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# $ du -sh  /var/lib/docker 
# 7.2G    /var/lib/docker
rm -rf /var/lib/docker

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镜像操作常用命令

检索
docker search 关键字
拉取
docker pull 镜像名称[:tag]
tag 表示版本信息，默认是 latest
本地镜像
docker images
删除本地镜像
docker rmi IMAGE-ID

容器操作命令

# 创建容器
docker run -d [--name 容器名] 镜像名[:tag]
#停止容器：
docker stop [容器名|CONTAINER-ID]
#启动容器：
docker start [容器名|CONTAINER-ID]

#查看容器
#查看运行中的容器：
docker ps
#查看所有的现有容器：
docker ps -a

#删除容器
docker rm [容器名|CONTAINER-ID]

#端口映射
docker run -d -p 80:8080 [--name 容器名] [镜像名:tag]

#查看容器日志
docker logs [CONTAINER-ID|容器名]

基本操作

# 启动容器
docker run -d --name myTomcat tomcat:8

# 启动容器并且映射端口到本地监听的 18080（默认tcp）
docker run -d -p 18080:8080 --name myTomcat2 tomcat:8

启动一个 tomcat 容器

#交互式启动容器
docker run -it --name myCent centos:8
# ctro + p + q 退出容器保持运行，exit 退出并关闭容器

交互式启动一个 linux 容器

# 这是一个正在运行的 tomcat8
$ docker inspect 39692a4836cd
[
    {
        "Id": "39692a4836cdb733d4e23e25a0ca8cef1db3680b05c951e50d9489cebf9ed3c4",
        "Created": "2020-05-11T02:31:15.904851059Z",
        "Path": "catalina.sh",
        "Args": [
            "run"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 3369,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2020-05-11T02:31:17.861972617Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:eb2cfb95e04d8afcdb65c770cd44d9d003836d53fb780e33d3a6f8c5f7d80def",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/39692a4836cdb733d4e23e25a0ca8cef1db3680b05c951e50d9489cebf9ed3c4/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/39692a4836cdb733d4e23e25a0ca8cef1db3680b05c951e50d9489cebf9ed3c4/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/39692a4836cdb733d4e23e25a0ca8cef1db3680b05c951e50d9489cebf9ed3c4/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/39692a4836cdb733d4e23e25a0ca8cef1db3680b05c951e50d9489cebf9ed3c4/39692a4836cdb733d4e23e25a0ca8cef1db3680b05c951e50d9489cebf9ed3c4-json.log",
        "Name": "/myTomcat3",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {
                "8080/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "127.0.0.1",
                        "HostPort": "28080"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "shareable",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                44,
                168
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/573c6ae1ee7ed0dddf45564c370c7961965ed39959133e6054b9f51ef5e2d78d-init/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/939f7b6cffd167550cbc81d068e60e4a2248031194af3a67ca414eece44260ce/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9e6b65a77e9708516171c5f1195c38d45bea35d4eac7a57202531cc664e94dc6/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/c9d0aa7a535d312d95df270d65da969d3650b1ad7dc45bb8c085615164a19c83/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5e8ea3fd89d8b142a2ac440f9fb1866ec6966923057a4d825de3a56a43395a80/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7461dce2b458b7096a62e37c7e57ad3051304e68c573efb57154ff3cc9485efc/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/68ee55f7ed04a00750ba39e7ed7c4e3695bfe096efcd10eba1a06a5630ba6b68/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3014a59c9e34aca0f583a5c6c6cfff7326639f55212c96d635d3bc2089724c17/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f1155ae8f0ac20d42c102d09c22b053009458bc6b1d1860dee52040bfecd0ad7/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4e32c8dc9eb7bdaecb59828563e605e65b6819d027ca2623e781db8f06d7ec69/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/29b6619ec6af0f8394005bd262084ce8c3786d8cdd80aedccca7b1a5fa224edc/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/573c6ae1ee7ed0dddf45564c370c7961965ed39959133e6054b9f51ef5e2d78d/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/573c6ae1ee7ed0dddf45564c370c7961965ed39959133e6054b9f51ef5e2d78d/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/573c6ae1ee7ed0dddf45564c370c7961965ed39959133e6054b9f51ef5e2d78d/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "39692a4836cd",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "8080/tcp": {}
            },
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:/usr/local/openjdk-8/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "LANG=C.UTF-8",
                "JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/openjdk-8",
                "JAVA_VERSION=8u252",
                "JAVA_BASE_URL=https://github.com/AdoptOpenJDK/openjdk8-upstream-binaries/releases/download/jdk8u252-b09/OpenJDK8U-jdk_",
                "JAVA_URL_VERSION=8u252b09",
                "CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat",
                "TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib",
                "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib",
                "GPG_KEYS=05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 713DA88BE50911535FE716F5208B0AB1D63011C7 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23",
                "TOMCAT_MAJOR=8",
                "TOMCAT_VERSION=8.5.54",
                "TOMCAT_SHA512=dc3ba0183d1e6f6006e5430e91abbc0758bdb719efebea5809f7034c9a28c590a764d8fcf2528a27a98cb86531e94cd9dc5a92cdbcae36e808ced0e5f1c665b8"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "catalina.sh",
                "run"
            ],
            "Image": "tomcat:8",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "/usr/local/tomcat",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {}
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "6ece37fc03f190194c839f484b5c1a01509f4efaf07594c0e87a58708d80d720",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {
                "8080/tcp": [
                    {
                        "HostIp": "127.0.0.1",
                        "HostPort": "28080"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/6ece37fc03f1",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "9cf56b0928db163280fa129a0eb03dd5a857d3bccff09f95328d8fb1c5838ede",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:04",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "d6a260f49e8de56f2b0cc2b2fad20bd921565525f4e54034d17eed669b596dc4",
                    "EndpointID": "9cf56b0928db163280fa129a0eb03dd5a857d3bccff09f95328d8fb1c5838ede",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.4",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:04",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

# 这是一个停止运行的 tomcat9
$ docker inspect 9435318c06ca
[
    {
        "Id": "9435318c06cac456ae99efbb78af5ee132512d4e57ef6b64884ed3b247d2eb49",
        "Created": "2020-05-09T03:05:44.952681404Z",
        "Path": "catalina.sh",
        "Args": [
            "run"
        ],
        "State": {
            "Status": "exited",
            "Running": false,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 0,
            "ExitCode": 130,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2020-05-09T03:05:47.484205141Z",
            "FinishedAt": "2020-05-09T03:07:33.953054485Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:927899a31456255c1e1a73b97d9a94451c4fcffedab4e0cf18b1c6c4fe4b84ff",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/9435318c06cac456ae99efbb78af5ee132512d4e57ef6b64884ed3b247d2eb49/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/9435318c06cac456ae99efbb78af5ee132512d4e57ef6b64884ed3b247d2eb49/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/9435318c06cac456ae99efbb78af5ee132512d4e57ef6b64884ed3b247d2eb49/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/containers/9435318c06cac456ae99efbb78af5ee132512d4e57ef6b64884ed3b247d2eb49/9435318c06cac456ae99efbb78af5ee132512d4e57ef6b64884ed3b247d2eb49-json.log",
        "Name": "/beautiful_brahmagupta",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {}
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {},
            "RestartPolicy": {
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "Capabilities": null,
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "shareable",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                44,
                168
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
            "Data": {
                "LowerDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1022de2348d9daa174152acab00a8d4b181a9579fbec8c08cbeaeeda023f529-init/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ae1036a63ca9ba4f7f24311b4a98742542a4a0c623db4a36844c269ff0925ca3/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/1cb5cd1038068be5f38b9d916b7e8f34349cb4267c25cea1979bebdd2bd5b4fc/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/826902e7bb7426b34ae37cc0e5e7ccaec71a635ad6376325f5e6cdade3673b27/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/2af0b175306258e8346f19a844e42334120c8fcd5fbb6acd90ea11faab3c4472/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f7b556e3bfdcbe8dfb81e0c87f20d7ccbc6a65aa023887a32158b8758e3213c5/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/68ee55f7ed04a00750ba39e7ed7c4e3695bfe096efcd10eba1a06a5630ba6b68/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3014a59c9e34aca0f583a5c6c6cfff7326639f55212c96d635d3bc2089724c17/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f1155ae8f0ac20d42c102d09c22b053009458bc6b1d1860dee52040bfecd0ad7/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4e32c8dc9eb7bdaecb59828563e605e65b6819d027ca2623e781db8f06d7ec69/diff:/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/29b6619ec6af0f8394005bd262084ce8c3786d8cdd80aedccca7b1a5fa224edc/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1022de2348d9daa174152acab00a8d4b181a9579fbec8c08cbeaeeda023f529/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1022de2348d9daa174152acab00a8d4b181a9579fbec8c08cbeaeeda023f529/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/mnt/sda1/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d1022de2348d9daa174152acab00a8d4b181a9579fbec8c08cbeaeeda023f529/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
            "Hostname": "9435318c06ca",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": true,
            "AttachStdout": true,
            "AttachStderr": true,
            "ExposedPorts": {
                "8080/tcp": {}
            },
            "Tty": true,
            "OpenStdin": true,
            "StdinOnce": true,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/bin:/usr/local/openjdk-11/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "LANG=C.UTF-8",
                "JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/openjdk-11",
                "JAVA_VERSION=11.0.7",
                "JAVA_BASE_URL=https://github.com/AdoptOpenJDK/openjdk11-upstream-binaries/releases/download/jdk-11.0.7%2B10/OpenJDK11U-jdk_",
                "JAVA_URL_VERSION=11.0.7_10",
                "CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat",
                "TOMCAT_NATIVE_LIBDIR=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib",
                "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/tomcat/native-jni-lib",
                "GPG_KEYS=05AB33110949707C93A279E3D3EFE6B686867BA6 07E48665A34DCAFAE522E5E6266191C37C037D42 47309207D818FFD8DCD3F83F1931D684307A10A5 541FBE7D8F78B25E055DDEE13C370389288584E7 61B832AC2F1C5A90F0F9B00A1C506407564C17A3 79F7026C690BAA50B92CD8B66A3AD3F4F22C4FED 9BA44C2621385CB966EBA586F72C284D731FABEE A27677289986DB50844682F8ACB77FC2E86E29AC A9C5DF4D22E99998D9875A5110C01C5A2F6059E7 DCFD35E0BF8CA7344752DE8B6FB21E8933C60243 F3A04C595DB5B6A5F1ECA43E3B7BBB100D811BBE F7DA48BB64BCB84ECBA7EE6935CD23C10D498E23",
                "TOMCAT_MAJOR=9",
                "TOMCAT_VERSION=9.0.34",
                "TOMCAT_SHA512=9cb32f8807c0e8d2457d52ac032bb496ae7921e1ea0a0c8e6082bf8da60bb57c317a3f2376589962123dd803fdd2816ff960339cb851d9859b2241165fbc278e"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "catalina.sh",
                "run"
            ],
            "Image": "tomcat",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "/usr/local/tomcat",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {}
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "7223237e6487cd1bed261dc47e0dfdd0860fbba55c1aea97bdb105f1de9aeb01",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {},
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/7223237e6487",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "",
            "Gateway": "",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "",
            "IPPrefixLen": 0,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "",
            "Networks": {
                "bridge": {
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "cddf9f45df5a57ba7491b78441ebe65bb91c8b1a84c32d9ae1d055b9975eed65",
                    "EndpointID": "",
                    "Gateway": "",
                    "IPAddress": "",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 0,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

查看容器内部细节

操纵容器

# 指定【容器id】、或者【容器名称】
docker attach myCent
docker attach de04fcc86f00

返回容器 attach

docker exec myCent w
docker exec myCent ps -ef
docker exec myCent ip ad li

# 通过 exec 实现 attach 返回容器的效果
docker exec -t myCent /bin/bash

执行容器内部命令 exec

创建新的镜像

docker CONTAINER

docker CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

docker commit [-m "Commit message"] [-a "author string"] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

创建新镜像语法

$ docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                       NAMES
de04fcc86f00        centos:8            "/bin/bash"         2 hours ago         Up About an hour                                myCent

# 从容器开始，创建我自己的【新镜像】
$ docker commit -m "我自己创建的镜像" -a "argor" de04fcc86f00 argor_centos:1
sha256:caa90c434aef5c4503abc6f0627fa6d4ad1456c94f86e6c6b688fa9a08bad556

$ docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
argor_centos        1                   caa90c434aef        7 seconds ago       237MB
centos              7                   b5b4d78bc90c        5 days ago          203MB
centos              8                   470671670cac        3 months ago        237MB
centos              latest              470671670cac        3 months ago        237MB

创建容器实例

容器数据卷

#默认就是 rw
docker run -it -v /data01:/data01 centos

# ro
docker run -it -v /data02:/data02:ro centos

命令行方式创建

$ cat mydocker/dockerfile
FROM centos
VOLUME ["/DATA01","/DATA02","/DATA03"]
CMD echo "docker said that welcome argor."
CMD /bin/bash

$ docker build -f mydocker/dockerfile -t argor/centos:7 .

$ docker images argor/centos
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
argor/centos        7                   67716c343a7b        3 minutes ago       203MB

$ docker run -it 67716c343a7b /bin/bash

[root@b09f60a15446 /]# ls /
DATA01  DATA02  DATA03  anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

使用dockersfile创建一个新的镜像

数据卷容器

docker run -it --name wonderful_swirles argor/demo
docker run -it --name again --volumes-from wonderful_swirles argor/demo

volumes-from

docker network

CURD：创建网络、删除网络、……

#列出网络设备
 docker network ls
#查看网络设备配置详情
docker network inspect moto

#创建网络
 docker network create moto
083728225df9e9d966d56bd45241f5bf4220c225857986d9c907a3d0a566bb93

# 删除 指定网络
docker network rm moto
# 删除所有自定义网络
docker network prune

# 修改网络配置
# 为容器【nginx_moto2】添加一个网络【moto2】
docker network connect moto2 nginx_moto2
# 为容器删除一个网络 bridge
docker network disconnect bridge nginx_moto2

View Code

Docker .

一切代码都是为了生活，一切生活都是调剂

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/argor/p/7905297.html