本文中主要介绍webdriver常见的对象定位方法；
一、对象定位的目的
二、常见的对象定位方法
一、对象定位的目的：
1、操作对象
2、获得对象的属性，如：对象的class属性、name属性等
3、获得对象的text
4、获取对象的数量
二、常见的对象定位方法：
1、find element方法:
1、id
2、name
3、class name
4、tag name
5、css定位
6、xpath定位
7、link text
8、partial link text
1 # !/usr/bin/env python 2 # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- 3 from selenium import webdriver 4 import time 5 6 __author__ = "No.1 优测" 7 8 # webdriver 定位元素的八种常用方法 9 10 11 12 browser = webdriver.Firefox() 13 url = "http://cn.bing.com/" 14 browser.get(url) 15 time.sleep(3) 16 17 # 1/find element by name 18 browser.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys("python") 19 time.sleep(2) 20 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 21 time.sleep(2) 22 browser.back() 23 time.sleep(2) 24 # 2/find element by id 25 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_q").send_keys("python") 26 time.sleep(2) 27 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 28 time.sleep(2) 29 browser.back() 30 time.sleep(2) 31 32 # 3/find element by class name 33 browser.find_element_by_class_name("b_searchbox").send_keys("python") 34 time.sleep(2) 35 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 36 time.sleep(2) 37 browser.back() 38 time.sleep(2) 39 40 # 4/find element by tag name 41 browser.find_element_by_tag_name("input").send_keys("python") 42 time.sleep(2) 43 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 44 time.sleep(2) 45 browser.back() 46 time.sleep(2) 47 48 # 5/find element by css 49 browser.find_element_by_css_selector("input[title="输入搜索词"]").send_keys("python") 50 time.sleep(2) 51 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 52 time.sleep(2) 53 browser.back() 54 time.sleep(2) 55 56 # 6/find element by xpath 57 browser.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@id = 'sb_form_q']").send_keys("selennium") 58 time.sleep(2) 59 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 60 time.sleep(2) 61 browser.back() 62 time.sleep(2) 63 64 # 7/find element by link text 65 browser.find_element_by_link_text("词典").click() 66 time.sleep(2) 67 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 68 time.sleep(2) 69 browser.back() 70 time.sleep(5) 71 72 # 8/find element by partial link text 73 browser.find_element_by_partial_link_text("地").click() 74 time.sleep(2) 75 browser.back() 76 time.sleep(2) 77 78 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 79 time.sleep(2) 80 browser.find_element_by_id("sb_form_go").click() 81 time.sleep(2) 82 browser.back() 83 time.sleep(2) 84 browser.quit()
2、find elements方法：
适用情况：1、批量处理元素；2、批量获取页面元素，过滤部分元素进行定位；
准备html文件：
1 <html> 2 <head> 3 <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" /> 4 <title>Checkbox</title> 5 <script type="text/javascript" async="" src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.9.1/jquery.min.js"></script> 6 <link href="http://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/twitter-bootstrap/2.3.2/css/bootstrap-combined.min.css" rel="stylesheet" /> 7 <script src="http://netdna.bootstrapcdn.com/twitter-bootstrap/2.3.2/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> 8 </head> 9 <body> 10 <h3>checkbox</h3> 11 <div class="well"> 12 <form class="form-horizontal"> 13 <div class="control-group"> 14 <label class="control-label" for="c1">checkbox1</label> 15 <div class="controls"> 16 <input type="checkbox" id="c1" /> 17 </div> 18 </div> 19 <div class="control-group"> 20 <label class="control-label" for="c2">checkbox2</label> 21 <div class="controls"> 22 <input type="checkbox" id="c2" /> 23 </div> 24 </div> 25 <div class="control-group"> 26 <label class="control-label" for="c3">checkbox3</label> 27 <div class="controls"> 28 <input type="checkbox" id="c3" /> 29 </div> 30 </div> 31 32 <div class="control-group"> 33 <label class="control-label" for="r">radio</label> 34 <div class="controls"> 35 <input type="radio" id="r1" /> 36 </div> 37 </div> 38 39 <div class="control-group"> 40 <label class="control-label" for="r">radio</label> 41 <div class="controls"> 42 <input type="radio" id="r2" /> 43 </div> 44 </div> 45 </form> 46 </div> 47 </body> 48 </html>
1 #!/usr/bin/env python 2 #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 4 5 import selenium 6 from selenium import webdriver 7 import time 8 import os
9 # 使用绝对路径用normpath方法，使用相对路径用abspath方法 10 url = "file:///"+os.path.normpath("C:UsersAdministratorDesktopcheckbox.html") 11 browser = webdriver.Firefox() 12 browser.get(url) 13 checkboxs = browser.find_elements_by_css_selector("input[type = checkbox]") 14 for checkbox in checkboxs: 15 checkbox.click() 16 time.sleep(2) 17 #取消最后一个按钮选择 18 browser.find_elements_by_css_selector("input[type = checkbox]").pop().click() 19 time.sleep(2) 20 browser.quit()
此文参考http://www.cnblogs.com/fnng/p/3190966.html