• 《深入理解Android2》读书笔记(五)


    接上篇《深入理解Android2》读书笔记(四)

    startActivity

    Am

    void run() throws RemoteException {
        try {
            printMessageForState();
    
            mAm.setActivityController(this);
            mState = STATE_NORMAL;
    
            InputStreamReader converter = new InputStreamReader(System.in);
            BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(converter);
            String line;
    
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                boolean addNewline = true;
                if (line.length() <= 0) {
                    addNewline = false;
                } else if ("q".equals(line) || "quit".equals(line)) {
                    resumeController(RESULT_DEFAULT);
                    break;
                } else if (mState == STATE_CRASHED) {
                    if ("c".equals(line) || "continue".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_CRASH_DIALOG);
                    } else if ("k".equals(line) || "kill".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_CRASH_KILL);
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("Invalid command: " + line);
                    }
                } else if (mState == STATE_ANR) {
                    if ("c".equals(line) || "continue".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_ANR_DIALOG);
                    } else if ("k".equals(line) || "kill".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_ANR_KILL);
                    } else if ("w".equals(line) || "wait".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_ANR_WAIT);
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("Invalid command: " + line);
                    }
                } else if (mState == STATE_EARLY_ANR) {
                    if ("c".equals(line) || "continue".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_EARLY_ANR_CONTINUE);
                    } else if ("k".equals(line) || "kill".equals(line)) {
                        resumeController(RESULT_EARLY_ANR_KILL);
                    } else {
                        System.out.println("Invalid command: " + line);
                    }
                } else {
                    System.out.println("Invalid command: " + line);
                }
    
                synchronized (this) {
                    if (addNewline) {
                        System.out.println("");
                    }
                    printMessageForState();
                }
            }
    
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            mAm.setActivityController(null);
        }
    }
    private void runStart() throws Exception {
        Intent intent = makeIntent(UserHandle.USER_CURRENT);
    
        if (mUserId == UserHandle.USER_ALL) {
            System.err.println("Error: Can't start service with user 'all'");
            return;
        }
    
        String mimeType = intent.getType();
        if (mimeType == null && intent.getData() != null
                && "content".equals(intent.getData().getScheme())) {
            mimeType = mAm.getProviderMimeType(intent.getData(), mUserId);
        }
    
        do {
            if (mStopOption) {
                String packageName;
                if (intent.getComponent() != null) {
                    packageName = intent.getComponent().getPackageName();
                } else {
                    IPackageManager pm = IPackageManager.Stub.asInterface(
                            ServiceManager.getService("package"));
                    if (pm == null) {
                        System.err.println("Error: Package manager not running; aborting");
                        return;
                    }
                    List<ResolveInfo> activities = pm.queryIntentActivities(intent, mimeType, 0,
                            mUserId);
                    if (activities == null || activities.size() <= 0) {
                        System.err.println("Error: Intent does not match any activities: "
                                + intent);
                        return;
                    } else if (activities.size() > 1) {
                        System.err.println("Error: Intent matches multiple activities; can't stop: "
                                + intent);
                        return;
                    }
                    packageName = activities.get(0).activityInfo.packageName;
                }
                System.out.println("Stopping: " + packageName);
                mAm.forceStopPackage(packageName, mUserId);
                Thread.sleep(250);
            }
    
            System.out.println("Starting: " + intent);
            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
    
            ParcelFileDescriptor fd = null;
            ProfilerInfo profilerInfo = null;
    
            if (mProfileFile != null) {
                try {
                    fd = openForSystemServer(
                            new File(mProfileFile),
                            ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_CREATE |
                            ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_TRUNCATE |
                            ParcelFileDescriptor.MODE_READ_WRITE);
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    System.err.println("Error: Unable to open file: " + mProfileFile);
                    System.err.println("Consider using a file under /data/local/tmp/");
                    return;
                }
                profilerInfo = new ProfilerInfo(mProfileFile, fd, mSamplingInterval, mAutoStop);
            }
    
            IActivityManager.WaitResult result = null;
            int res;
            final long startTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
            if (mWaitOption) {
                result = mAm.startActivityAndWait(null, null, intent, mimeType,
                            null, null, 0, mStartFlags, profilerInfo, null, mUserId);
                res = result.result;
            } else {
                res = mAm.startActivityAsUser(null, null, intent, mimeType,
                        null, null, 0, mStartFlags, profilerInfo, null, mUserId);
            }
            final long endTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
            PrintStream out = mWaitOption ? System.out : System.err;
            boolean launched = false;
            switch (res) {
                case ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS:
                    launched = true;
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_SWITCHES_CANCELED:
                    launched = true;
                    out.println(
                            "Warning: Activity not started because the "
                            + " current activity is being kept for the user.");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_DELIVERED_TO_TOP:
                    launched = true;
                    out.println(
                            "Warning: Activity not started, intent has "
                            + "been delivered to currently running "
                            + "top-most instance.");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_RETURN_INTENT_TO_CALLER:
                    launched = true;
                    out.println(
                            "Warning: Activity not started because intent "
                            + "should be handled by the caller");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_TASK_TO_FRONT:
                    launched = true;
                    out.println(
                            "Warning: Activity not started, its current "
                            + "task has been brought to the front");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_INTENT_NOT_RESOLVED:
                    out.println(
                            "Error: Activity not started, unable to "
                            + "resolve " + intent.toString());
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_CLASS_NOT_FOUND:
                    out.println(NO_CLASS_ERROR_CODE);
                    out.println("Error: Activity class " +
                            intent.getComponent().toShortString()
                            + " does not exist.");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_FORWARD_AND_REQUEST_CONFLICT:
                    out.println(
                            "Error: Activity not started, you requested to "
                            + "both forward and receive its result");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_PERMISSION_DENIED:
                    out.println(
                            "Error: Activity not started, you do not "
                            + "have permission to access it.");
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_NOT_VOICE_COMPATIBLE:
                    out.println(
                            "Error: Activity not started, voice control not allowed for: "
                                    + intent);
                    break;
                case ActivityManager.START_NOT_CURRENT_USER_ACTIVITY:
                    out.println(
                            "Error: Not allowed to start background user activity"
                            + " that shouldn't be displayed for all users.");
                    break;
                default:
                    out.println(
                            "Error: Activity not started, unknown error code " + res);
                    break;
            }
            if (mWaitOption && launched) {
                if (result == null) {
                    result = new IActivityManager.WaitResult();
                    result.who = intent.getComponent();
                }
                System.out.println("Status: " + (result.timeout ? "timeout" : "ok"));
                if (result.who != null) {
                    System.out.println("Activity: " + result.who.flattenToShortString());
                }
                if (result.thisTime >= 0) {
                    System.out.println("ThisTime: " + result.thisTime);
                }
                if (result.totalTime >= 0) {
                    System.out.println("TotalTime: " + result.totalTime);
                }
                System.out.println("WaitTime: " + (endTime-startTime));
                System.out.println("Complete");
            }
            mRepeat--;
            if (mRepeat > 1) {
                mAm.unhandledBack();
            }
        } while (mRepeat > 1);
    }

    am最终将调用AMS的startActivityAndWait函数来处理这次启动请求。

    @Override
    public final WaitResult startActivityAndWait(IApplicationThread caller, String callingPackage,
            Intent intent, String resolvedType, IBinder resultTo, String resultWho, int requestCode,
            int startFlags, ProfilerInfo profilerInfo, Bundle options, int userId) {
        enforceNotIsolatedCaller("startActivityAndWait");
        userId = handleIncomingUser(Binder.getCallingPid(), Binder.getCallingUid(), userId,
                false, ALLOW_FULL_ONLY, "startActivityAndWait", null);
        WaitResult res = new WaitResult();
        // TODO: Switch to user app stacks here.
        mStackSupervisor.startActivityMayWait(caller, -1, callingPackage, intent, resolvedType,
                null, null, resultTo, resultWho, requestCode, startFlags, profilerInfo, res, null,
                options, false, userId, null, null);
        return res;
    }
    final void startActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r, boolean newTask,
            boolean doResume, boolean keepCurTransition, Bundle options) {
        TaskRecord rTask = r.task;
        final int taskId = rTask.taskId;
        // mLaunchTaskBehind tasks get placed at the back of the task stack.
        if (!r.mLaunchTaskBehind && (taskForIdLocked(taskId) == null || newTask)) {
            // Last activity in task had been removed or ActivityManagerService is reusing task.
            // Insert or replace.
            // Might not even be in.
            insertTaskAtTop(rTask, r);
            mWindowManager.moveTaskToTop(taskId);
        }
        TaskRecord task = null;
        if (!newTask) {
            // If starting in an existing task, find where that is...
            boolean startIt = true;
            for (int taskNdx = mTaskHistory.size() - 1; taskNdx >= 0; --taskNdx) {
                task = mTaskHistory.get(taskNdx);
                if (task.getTopActivity() == null) {
                    // All activities in task are finishing.
                    continue;
                }
                if (task == r.task) {
                    // Here it is!  Now, if this is not yet visible to the
                    // user, then just add it without starting; it will
                    // get started when the user navigates back to it.
                    if (!startIt) {
                        if (DEBUG_ADD_REMOVE) Slog.i(TAG, "Adding activity " + r + " to task "
                                + task, new RuntimeException("here").fillInStackTrace());
                        task.addActivityToTop(r);
                        r.putInHistory();
                        mWindowManager.addAppToken(task.mActivities.indexOf(r), r.appToken,
                                r.task.taskId, mStackId, r.info.screenOrientation, r.fullscreen,
                                (r.info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_SHOW_FOR_ALL_USERS) != 0,
                                r.userId, r.info.configChanges, task.voiceSession != null,
                                r.mLaunchTaskBehind);
                        if (VALIDATE_TOKENS) {
                            validateAppTokensLocked();
                        }
                        ActivityOptions.abort(options);
                        return;
                    }
                    break;
                } else if (task.numFullscreen > 0) {
                    startIt = false;
                }
            }
        }
    
        // Place a new activity at top of stack, so it is next to interact
        // with the user.
    
        // If we are not placing the new activity frontmost, we do not want
        // to deliver the onUserLeaving callback to the actual frontmost
        // activity
        if (task == r.task && mTaskHistory.indexOf(task) != (mTaskHistory.size() - 1)) {
            mStackSupervisor.mUserLeaving = false;
            if (DEBUG_USER_LEAVING) Slog.v(TAG_USER_LEAVING,
                    "startActivity() behind front, mUserLeaving=false");
        }
    
        task = r.task;
    
        // Slot the activity into the history stack and proceed
        if (DEBUG_ADD_REMOVE) Slog.i(TAG, "Adding activity " + r + " to stack to task " + task,
                new RuntimeException("here").fillInStackTrace());
        task.addActivityToTop(r);
        task.setFrontOfTask();
    
        r.putInHistory();
        if (!isHomeStack() || numActivities() > 0) {
            // We want to show the starting preview window if we are
            // switching to a new task, or the next activity's process is
            // not currently running.
            boolean showStartingIcon = newTask;
            ProcessRecord proc = r.app;
            if (proc == null) {
                proc = mService.mProcessNames.get(r.processName, r.info.applicationInfo.uid);
            }
            if (proc == null || proc.thread == null) {
                showStartingIcon = true;
            }
            if (DEBUG_TRANSITION) Slog.v(TAG_TRANSITION,
                    "Prepare open transition: starting " + r);
            if ((r.intent.getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NO_ANIMATION) != 0) {
                mWindowManager.prepareAppTransition(AppTransition.TRANSIT_NONE, keepCurTransition);
                mNoAnimActivities.add(r);
            } else {
                mWindowManager.prepareAppTransition(newTask
                        ? r.mLaunchTaskBehind
                                ? AppTransition.TRANSIT_TASK_OPEN_BEHIND
                                : AppTransition.TRANSIT_TASK_OPEN
                        : AppTransition.TRANSIT_ACTIVITY_OPEN, keepCurTransition);
                mNoAnimActivities.remove(r);
            }
            mWindowManager.addAppToken(task.mActivities.indexOf(r),
                    r.appToken, r.task.taskId, mStackId, r.info.screenOrientation, r.fullscreen,
                    (r.info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_SHOW_FOR_ALL_USERS) != 0, r.userId,
                    r.info.configChanges, task.voiceSession != null, r.mLaunchTaskBehind);
            boolean doShow = true;
            if (newTask) {
                // Even though this activity is starting fresh, we still need
                // to reset it to make sure we apply affinities to move any
                // existing activities from other tasks in to it.
                // If the caller has requested that the target task be
                // reset, then do so.
                if ((r.intent.getFlags() & Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_RESET_TASK_IF_NEEDED) != 0) {
                    resetTaskIfNeededLocked(r, r);
                    doShow = topRunningNonDelayedActivityLocked(null) == r;
                }
            } else if (options != null && new ActivityOptions(options).getAnimationType()
                    == ActivityOptions.ANIM_SCENE_TRANSITION) {
                doShow = false;
            }
            if (r.mLaunchTaskBehind) {
                // Don't do a starting window for mLaunchTaskBehind. More importantly make sure we
                // tell WindowManager that r is visible even though it is at the back of the stack.
                mWindowManager.setAppVisibility(r.appToken, true);
                ensureActivitiesVisibleLocked(null, 0);
            } else if (SHOW_APP_STARTING_PREVIEW && doShow) {
                // Figure out if we are transitioning from another activity that is
                // "has the same starting icon" as the next one.  This allows the
                // window manager to keep the previous window it had previously
                // created, if it still had one.
                ActivityRecord prev = mResumedActivity;
                if (prev != null) {
                    // We don't want to reuse the previous starting preview if:
                    // (1) The current activity is in a different task.
                    if (prev.task != r.task) {
                        prev = null;
                    }
                    // (2) The current activity is already displayed.
                    else if (prev.nowVisible) {
                        prev = null;
                    }
                }
                mWindowManager.setAppStartingWindow(
                        r.appToken, r.packageName, r.theme,
                        mService.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(
                                r.info.applicationInfo), r.nonLocalizedLabel,
                        r.labelRes, r.icon, r.logo, r.windowFlags,
                        prev != null ? prev.appToken : null, showStartingIcon);
                r.mStartingWindowShown = true;
            }
        } else {
            // If this is the first activity, don't do any fancy animations,
            // because there is nothing for it to animate on top of.
            mWindowManager.addAppToken(task.mActivities.indexOf(r), r.appToken,
                    r.task.taskId, mStackId, r.info.screenOrientation, r.fullscreen,
                    (r.info.flags & ActivityInfo.FLAG_SHOW_FOR_ALL_USERS) != 0, r.userId,
                    r.info.configChanges, task.voiceSession != null, r.mLaunchTaskBehind);
            ActivityOptions.abort(options);
            options = null;
        }
        if (VALIDATE_TOKENS) {
            validateAppTokensLocked();
        }
    
        if (doResume) {
            mStackSupervisor.resumeTopActivitiesLocked(this, r, options);
        }
    }

    startActivityLocked函数的主要工作包括

    1.处理sourceRecord及resultRecord。其中,sourceRecord表示发起本次请求的Activity,resultRecord表示接收处理结果的Activity(启动一个Activity肯定需要它完成某项事情,当目标Activity将事情成后,就需要告知请求者该事情的处理结果)。在一般情况下,sourceRecord和resultRecord应指向同一个Activity。

    2.处理app switch。如果AMS当前禁止app switch,则只能把本次启动请求保存起来,以待允许app switch时再处理。从代码中可知,AMS在处理本次请求前,会先调用doPendingActivityLaunchesLocked函数,在该函数内部将启动之前因系统禁止app switch而保存的Pending请求

    3.调用startActivityUncheckedLocked处理本次Activity启动请求

    @Override
    public void stopAppSwitches() {
        if (checkCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.STOP_APP_SWITCHES)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            throw new SecurityException("Requires permission "
                    + android.Manifest.permission.STOP_APP_SWITCHES);
        }
    
        synchronized(this) {
            mAppSwitchesAllowedTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis()
                    + APP_SWITCH_DELAY_TIME;
            mDidAppSwitch = false;
            mHandler.removeMessages(DO_PENDING_ACTIVITY_LAUNCHES_MSG);
            Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(DO_PENDING_ACTIVITY_LAUNCHES_MSG);
            mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, APP_SWITCH_DELAY_TIME);
        }
    }
    public void resumeAppSwitches() {
        if (checkCallingPermission(android.Manifest.permission.STOP_APP_SWITCHES)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            throw new SecurityException("Requires permission "
                    + android.Manifest.permission.STOP_APP_SWITCHES);
        }
    
        synchronized(this) {
            // Note that we don't execute any pending app switches... we will
            // let those wait until either the timeout, or the next start
            // activity request.
            mAppSwitchesAllowedTime = 0;
        }
    }

    startActivityUncheckedLocked函数很长,但是目的比较简单,即为新创建的ActivityRecord找到一个合适的Task。

    ActivityStack

    final boolean resumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecord prev, Bundle options) {
        if (mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity) {
            // Don't even start recursing.
            return false;
        }
    
        boolean result = false;
        try {
            // Protect against recursion.
            mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity = true;
            if (mService.mLockScreenShown == ActivityManagerService.LOCK_SCREEN_LEAVING) {
                mService.mLockScreenShown = ActivityManagerService.LOCK_SCREEN_HIDDEN;
                mService.updateSleepIfNeededLocked();
            }
            result = resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(prev, options);
        } finally {
            mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity = false;
        }
        return result;
    }

    resumeTopActivityLocked函数中有两个非常重要的关键点

    1.如果mResumedActivity不为空,则需要先暂停(pause)这个Activity。由代码中的注释可知,mResumedActivity代表上一次启动的(即当前正显示的)Activity。现在要启动一个新的Activity,须先停止当前Activity,这部分工作由startPausingLocked函数完成

    2.mResumeActivity什么时候为空呢?当然是在启动全系统第一个Activity时,即启动Home界面的时候。除此之外,该值都不会为空

    resumeTopActivityLocked最后将调用另外一个startSpecificActivityLocked,该函数将真正创建一个应用进程。

    private final void startProcessLocked(ProcessRecord app, String hostingType,
            String hostingNameStr, String abiOverride, String entryPoint, String[] entryPointArgs) {
        long startTime = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
        if (app.pid > 0 && app.pid != MY_PID) {
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: removing from pids map");
            synchronized (mPidsSelfLocked) {
                mPidsSelfLocked.remove(app.pid);
                mHandler.removeMessages(PROC_START_TIMEOUT_MSG, app);
            }
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: done removing from pids map");
            app.setPid(0);
        }
    
        if (DEBUG_PROCESSES && mProcessesOnHold.contains(app)) Slog.v(TAG_PROCESSES,
                "startProcessLocked removing on hold: " + app);
        mProcessesOnHold.remove(app);
    
        checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: starting to update cpu stats");
        updateCpuStats();
        checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: done updating cpu stats");
    
        try {
            try {
                if (AppGlobals.getPackageManager().isPackageFrozen(app.info.packageName)) {
                    // This is caught below as if we had failed to fork zygote
                    throw new RuntimeException("Package " + app.info.packageName + " is frozen!");
                }
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
            }
    
            int uid = app.uid;
            int[] gids = null;
            int mountExternal = Zygote.MOUNT_EXTERNAL_NONE;
            if (!app.isolated) {
                int[] permGids = null;
                try {
                    checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: getting gids from package manager");
                    final IPackageManager pm = AppGlobals.getPackageManager();
                    permGids = pm.getPackageGids(app.info.packageName, app.userId);
                    MountServiceInternal mountServiceInternal = LocalServices.getService(
                            MountServiceInternal.class);
                    mountExternal = mountServiceInternal.getExternalStorageMountMode(uid,
                            app.info.packageName);
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    throw e.rethrowAsRuntimeException();
                }
    
                /*
                 * Add shared application and profile GIDs so applications can share some
                 * resources like shared libraries and access user-wide resources
                 */
                if (ArrayUtils.isEmpty(permGids)) {
                    gids = new int[2];
                } else {
                    gids = new int[permGids.length + 2];
                    System.arraycopy(permGids, 0, gids, 2, permGids.length);
                }
                gids[0] = UserHandle.getSharedAppGid(UserHandle.getAppId(uid));
                gids[1] = UserHandle.getUserGid(UserHandle.getUserId(uid));
            }
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: building args");
            if (mFactoryTest != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_OFF) {
                if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL
                        && mTopComponent != null
                        && app.processName.equals(mTopComponent.getPackageName())) {
                    uid = 0;
                }
                if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_HIGH_LEVEL
                        && (app.info.flags&ApplicationInfo.FLAG_FACTORY_TEST) != 0) {
                    uid = 0;
                }
            }
            int debugFlags = 0;
            if ((app.info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_DEBUGGABLE) != 0) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_DEBUGGER;
                // Also turn on CheckJNI for debuggable apps. It's quite
                // awkward to turn on otherwise.
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_CHECKJNI;
            }
            // Run the app in safe mode if its manifest requests so or the
            // system is booted in safe mode.
            if ((app.info.flags & ApplicationInfo.FLAG_VM_SAFE_MODE) != 0 ||
                mSafeMode == true) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_SAFEMODE;
            }
            if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("debug.checkjni"))) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_CHECKJNI;
            }
            String jitDebugProperty = SystemProperties.get("debug.usejit");
            if ("true".equals(jitDebugProperty)) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_JIT;
            } else if (!"false".equals(jitDebugProperty)) {
                // If we didn't force disable by setting false, defer to the dalvik vm options.
                if ("true".equals(SystemProperties.get("dalvik.vm.usejit"))) {
                    debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_JIT;
                }
            }
            String genDebugInfoProperty = SystemProperties.get("debug.generate-debug-info");
            if ("true".equals(genDebugInfoProperty)) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_GENERATE_DEBUG_INFO;
            }
            if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("debug.jni.logging"))) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_JNI_LOGGING;
            }
            if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("debug.assert"))) {
                debugFlags |= Zygote.DEBUG_ENABLE_ASSERT;
            }
    
            String requiredAbi = (abiOverride != null) ? abiOverride : app.info.primaryCpuAbi;
            if (requiredAbi == null) {
                requiredAbi = Build.SUPPORTED_ABIS[0];
            }
    
            String instructionSet = null;
            if (app.info.primaryCpuAbi != null) {
                instructionSet = VMRuntime.getInstructionSet(app.info.primaryCpuAbi);
            }
    
            app.gids = gids;
            app.requiredAbi = requiredAbi;
            app.instructionSet = instructionSet;
    
            // Start the process.  It will either succeed and return a result containing
            // the PID of the new process, or else throw a RuntimeException.
            boolean isActivityProcess = (entryPoint == null);
            if (entryPoint == null) entryPoint = "android.app.ActivityThread";
            Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "Start proc: " +
                    app.processName);
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: asking zygote to start proc");
            Process.ProcessStartResult startResult = Process.start(entryPoint,
                    app.processName, uid, uid, gids, debugFlags, mountExternal,
                    app.info.targetSdkVersion, app.info.seinfo, requiredAbi, instructionSet,
                    app.info.dataDir, entryPointArgs);
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: returned from zygote!");
            Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
    
            if (app.isolated) {
                mBatteryStatsService.addIsolatedUid(app.uid, app.info.uid);
            }
            mBatteryStatsService.noteProcessStart(app.processName, app.info.uid);
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: done updating battery stats");
    
            EventLog.writeEvent(EventLogTags.AM_PROC_START,
                    UserHandle.getUserId(uid), startResult.pid, uid,
                    app.processName, hostingType,
                    hostingNameStr != null ? hostingNameStr : "");
    
            if (app.persistent) {
                Watchdog.getInstance().processStarted(app.processName, startResult.pid);
            }
    
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: building log message");
            StringBuilder buf = mStringBuilder;
            buf.setLength(0);
            buf.append("Start proc ");
            buf.append(startResult.pid);
            buf.append(':');
            buf.append(app.processName);
            buf.append('/');
            UserHandle.formatUid(buf, uid);
            if (!isActivityProcess) {
                buf.append(" [");
                buf.append(entryPoint);
                buf.append("]");
            }
            buf.append(" for ");
            buf.append(hostingType);
            if (hostingNameStr != null) {
                buf.append(" ");
                buf.append(hostingNameStr);
            }
            Slog.i(TAG, buf.toString());
            app.setPid(startResult.pid);
            app.usingWrapper = startResult.usingWrapper;
            app.removed = false;
            app.killed = false;
            app.killedByAm = false;
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: starting to update pids map");
            synchronized (mPidsSelfLocked) {
                this.mPidsSelfLocked.put(startResult.pid, app);
                if (isActivityProcess) {
                    Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(PROC_START_TIMEOUT_MSG);
                    msg.obj = app;
                    mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, startResult.usingWrapper
                            ? PROC_START_TIMEOUT_WITH_WRAPPER : PROC_START_TIMEOUT);
                }
            }
            checkTime(startTime, "startProcess: done updating pids map");
        } catch (RuntimeException e) {
            // XXX do better error recovery.
            app.setPid(0);
            mBatteryStatsService.noteProcessFinish(app.processName, app.info.uid);
            if (app.isolated) {
                mBatteryStatsService.removeIsolatedUid(app.uid, app.info.uid);
            }
            Slog.e(TAG, "Failure starting process " + app.processName, e);
        }
    }

    1.FLAG_FROM_BACKGROUND标志发起这次启动的Task属于后台任务。很显然,手机中没有界面供用户操作位于后台Task中的Activity。如果没有设置该标志,那么这次启动请求就是由前台Task因某种原因而触发的(例如:用户单击某个按钮)

    2.如果一个应用进程在1分钟内连续崩溃超过2次,则AMS会将其ProcessRecord加入所谓的mBadProcesses中。一个应用崩溃后,系统会弹出一个警告框以提醒用户。

    ActivityThread

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "ActivityThreadMain");
        SamplingProfilerIntegration.start();
    
        // CloseGuard defaults to true and can be quite spammy.  We
        // disable it here, but selectively enable it later (via
        // StrictMode) on debug builds, but using DropBox, not logs.
        CloseGuard.setEnabled(false);
    
        Environment.initForCurrentUser();
    
        // Set the reporter for event logging in libcore
        EventLogger.setReporter(new EventLoggingReporter());
    
        AndroidKeyStoreProvider.install();
    
        // Make sure TrustedCertificateStore looks in the right place for CA certificates
        final File configDir = Environment.getUserConfigDirectory(UserHandle.myUserId());
        TrustedCertificateStore.setDefaultUserDirectory(configDir);
    
        Process.setArgV0("<pre-initialized>");
    
        Looper.prepareMainLooper();
    
        ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
        thread.attach(false);
    
        if (sMainThreadHandler == null) {
            sMainThreadHandler = thread.getHandler();
        }
    
        if (false) {
            Looper.myLooper().setMessageLogging(new
                    LogPrinter(Log.DEBUG, "ActivityThread"));
        }
    
        // End of event ActivityThreadMain.
        Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
        Looper.loop();
    
        throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
    }

    在main函数内部将创建一个消息循环Loop,接着调用ActivityThread的attach函数,最终将主线程加入消息循环

    private void attach(boolean system) {
        sCurrentActivityThread = this;
        mSystemThread = system;
        if (!system) {
            ViewRootImpl.addFirstDrawHandler(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    ensureJitEnabled();
                }
            });
            android.ddm.DdmHandleAppName.setAppName("<pre-initialized>",
                                                    UserHandle.myUserId());
            RuntimeInit.setApplicationObject(mAppThread.asBinder());
            final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault();
            try {
                mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread);
            } catch (RemoteException ex) {
                // Ignore
            }
            // Watch for getting close to heap limit.
            BinderInternal.addGcWatcher(new Runnable() {
                @Override public void run() {
                    if (!mSomeActivitiesChanged) {
                        return;
                    }
                    Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
                    long dalvikMax = runtime.maxMemory();
                    long dalvikUsed = runtime.totalMemory() - runtime.freeMemory();
                    if (dalvikUsed > ((3*dalvikMax)/4)) {
                        if (DEBUG_MEMORY_TRIM) Slog.d(TAG, "Dalvik max=" + (dalvikMax/1024)
                                + " total=" + (runtime.totalMemory()/1024)
                                + " used=" + (dalvikUsed/1024));
                        mSomeActivitiesChanged = false;
                        try {
                            mgr.releaseSomeActivities(mAppThread);
                        } catch (RemoteException e) {
                        }
                    }
                }
            });
        } else {
            // Don't set application object here -- if the system crashes,
            // we can't display an alert, we just want to die die die.
            android.ddm.DdmHandleAppName.setAppName("system_process",
                    UserHandle.myUserId());
            try {
                mInstrumentation = new Instrumentation();
                ContextImpl context = ContextImpl.createAppContext(
                        this, getSystemContext().mPackageInfo);
                mInitialApplication = context.mPackageInfo.makeApplication(true, null);
                mInitialApplication.onCreate();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(
                        "Unable to instantiate Application():" + e.toString(), e);
            }
        }
    
        // add dropbox logging to libcore
        DropBox.setReporter(new DropBoxReporter());
    
        ViewRootImpl.addConfigCallback(new ComponentCallbacks2() {
            @Override
            public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
                synchronized (mResourcesManager) {
                    // We need to apply this change to the resources
                    // immediately, because upon returning the view
                    // hierarchy will be informed about it.
                    if (mResourcesManager.applyConfigurationToResourcesLocked(newConfig, null)) {
                        // This actually changed the resources!  Tell
                        // everyone about it.
                        if (mPendingConfiguration == null ||
                                mPendingConfiguration.isOtherSeqNewer(newConfig)) {
                            mPendingConfiguration = newConfig;
    
                            sendMessage(H.CONFIGURATION_CHANGED, newConfig);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            @Override
            public void onLowMemory() {
            }
            @Override
            public void onTrimMemory(int level) {
            }
        });
    }

    AMS创建一个应用进程后,会设置一个超时时间(一般是10秒)。如果超过这个时间,应用进程还没有和AMS交互,则断定该进程创建失败。所以,应用进程启动后,需要尽快和AMS交互,即调用AMS的attachApplication函数。在该函数内部将调用attachApplicationLocked。

    attachApplicationLocked第一阶段的工作比较简单:

    1.设置代表该应用进程的ProcessRecord对象的一些成员变量,如用于和应用进程交互的thread对象、jincheng 调度优先级及oom_adj的值等

    2.从消息队列中撤销PROC_START_TIMEOUT_MSG

    应用进程的创建及初始化总结

    1.在应用进程启动后,需要尽快调用AMS的attachApplication函数,该函数是这个刚创建的应用进程第一次和AMS交互。此时的它还默默无名,连一个确定的进程名都没有。不过没关系,attachApplication函数将根据创建该应用进程之前所保存的ProcessRecord为其准备一切手续

    2.attachApplication准备好一切后,将调用应用进程的bindApplication函数,在该函数内部将发消息给主线程,最终该消息由handleBindApplication处理。handleBindApplication将为该进程设置进程名,初始化一些策略和参数信息等。另外,它还创建一个Application对象。同时,如果该Application声明了ContentProvider,还需要为该进程安装ContentProvider。

    AMS调用完bindApplication后,将通过realStartActivityLocked启动Activity。在此之前,要创建完应用进程并初始化Android运行环境

    private void handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
        // If we are getting ready to gc after going to the background, well
        // we are back active so skip it.
        unscheduleGcIdler();
        mSomeActivitiesChanged = true;
    
        if (r.profilerInfo != null) {
            mProfiler.setProfiler(r.profilerInfo);
            mProfiler.startProfiling();
        }
    
        // Make sure we are running with the most recent config.
        handleConfigurationChanged(null, null);
    
        if (localLOGV) Slog.v(
            TAG, "Handling launch of " + r);
    
        // Initialize before creating the activity
        WindowManagerGlobal.initialize();
    
        Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
    
        if (a != null) {
            r.createdConfig = new Configuration(mConfiguration);
            Bundle oldState = r.state;
            handleResumeActivity(r.token, false, r.isForward,
                    !r.activity.mFinished && !r.startsNotResumed);
    
            if (!r.activity.mFinished && r.startsNotResumed) {
                // The activity manager actually wants this one to start out
                // paused, because it needs to be visible but isn't in the
                // foreground.  We accomplish this by going through the
                // normal startup (because activities expect to go through
                // onResume() the first time they run, before their window
                // is displayed), and then pausing it.  However, in this case
                // we do -not- need to do the full pause cycle (of freezing
                // and such) because the activity manager assumes it can just
                // retain the current state it has.
                try {
                    r.activity.mCalled = false;
                    mInstrumentation.callActivityOnPause(r.activity);
                    // We need to keep around the original state, in case
                    // we need to be created again.  But we only do this
                    // for pre-Honeycomb apps, which always save their state
                    // when pausing, so we can not have them save their state
                    // when restarting from a paused state.  For HC and later,
                    // we want to (and can) let the state be saved as the normal
                    // part of stopping the activity.
                    if (r.isPreHoneycomb()) {
                        r.state = oldState;
                    }
                    if (!r.activity.mCalled) {
                        throw new SuperNotCalledException(
                            "Activity " + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString() +
                            " did not call through to super.onPause()");
                    }
    
                } catch (SuperNotCalledException e) {
                    throw e;
    
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    if (!mInstrumentation.onException(r.activity, e)) {
                        throw new RuntimeException(
                                "Unable to pause activity "
                                + r.intent.getComponent().toShortString()
                                + ": " + e.toString(), e);
                    }
                }
                r.paused = true;
            }
        } else {
            // If there was an error, for any reason, tell the activity
            // manager to stop us.
            try {
                ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()
                    .finishActivity(r.token, Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null, false);
            } catch (RemoteException ex) {
                // Ignore
            }
        }
    }

    1.首先调用performLaunchActivity,该在函数内部通过Java反射机制创建目标Activity,然后调用它的onCreate及onStart函数

    2.调用handleResumeActivity,会在其内部调用目标Activity的onResume函数。

    startActivity总结

    1.起点是am。我们利用am start命令,发起本次目标Activity的启动请求

    2.接下来进入ActivityManagerService和ActivityStack这两个核心类。对于启动Activity来说,这段行程又可细分为两个阶段:第一阶段就是根据启动模式和启动标志找到活创建ActivityRecord及对应的TaskRecord;第二阶段就是处理Activity启动或切换相关的工作

    3.然后AMS直接创建目标进程并运行Activity的流程,其中涉及目标进程的创建,目标进程中Android运行环境的初始化,目标Activity的创建以及onCreate、onStart及onResume等生命周期中重要函数的调用等相关知识

    4.AMS先暂停当前Activity,然后再创建目标进程并运行Activity的流程,其中两个应用进程和AMS交互。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/anni-qianqian/p/7053526.html
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