python多进程【分布式进程】【QueueManager】

1. 参考

https://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/1016959663602400/1017631559645600

2. 原版（不能再windows上运行）

# task_master.py

import random, time, queue
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager

# 发送任务的队列:
task_queue = queue.Queue()
# 接收结果的队列:
result_queue = queue.Queue()

# 从BaseManager继承的QueueManager:
class QueueManager(BaseManager):
    pass

# 把两个Queue都注册到网络上, callable参数关联了Queue对象:
QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=lambda: task_queue)
QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=lambda: result_queue)
# 绑定端口5000, 设置验证码'abc':
manager = QueueManager(address=('', 5000), authkey=b'abc')
# 启动Queue:
manager.start()
# 获得通过网络访问的Queue对象:
task = manager.get_task_queue()
result = manager.get_result_queue()
# 放几个任务进去:
for i in range(10):
    n = random.randint(0, 10000)
    print('Put task %d...' % n)
    task.put(n)
# 从result队列读取结果:
print('Try get results...')
for i in range(10):
    r = result.get(timeout=10)
    print('Result: %s' % r)
# 关闭:
manager.shutdown()
print('master exit.')



# task_worker.py

import time, sys, queue
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager

# 创建类似的QueueManager:
class QueueManager(BaseManager):
    pass

# 由于这个QueueManager只从网络上获取Queue，所以注册时只提供名字:
QueueManager.register('get_task_queue')
QueueManager.register('get_result_queue')

# 连接到服务器，也就是运行task_master.py的机器:
server_addr = '127.0.0.1'
print('Connect to server %s...' % server_addr)
# 端口和验证码注意保持与task_master.py设置的完全一致:
m = QueueManager(address=(server_addr, 5000), authkey=b'abc')
# 从网络连接:
m.connect()
# 获取Queue的对象:
task = m.get_task_queue()
result = m.get_result_queue()
# 从task队列取任务,并把结果写入result队列:
for i in range(10):
    try:
        n = task.get(timeout=1)
        print('run task %d * %d...' % (n, n))
        r = '%d * %d = %d' % (n, n, n*n)
        time.sleep(1)
        result.put(r)
    except Queue.Empty:
        print('task queue is empty.')
# 处理结束:
print('worker exit.')

3. 修改版（可以windows上运行）【task_master.py】

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import random, time, queue
from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager

# 发送任务的队列:
task_queue = queue.Queue()
# 接收结果的队列:
result_queue = queue.Queue()


# 增加如下的函数以适应windows ,【PicklingError】
def task_queue_fun():
    return task_queue


def result_queue_fun():
    return result_queue
    # return queue.Queue()  # 这样不行


# 从BaseManager继承的QueueManager:
class QueueManager(BaseManager):
    pass


if __name__ == '__main__':

    # 把两个Queue都注册到网络上, callable参数关联了Queue对象:
    # 修改如下的函数，以适应windows环境
    # QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=lambda: task_queue)
    # QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=lambda: result_queue)
    QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=task_queue_fun)
    QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=result_queue_fun)
    # 绑定端口5000, 设置验证码'abc':
    manager = QueueManager(address=('127.0.0.1', 5000), authkey=b'abc')
    # 启动Queue:
    manager.start()
    # 获得通过网络访问的Queue对象:
    task = manager.get_task_queue()
    result = manager.get_result_queue()
    # 放几个任务进去:
    for i in range(10):
        n = random.randint(0, 10000)
        print('Put task %d...' % n)
        task.put(n)
    # 从result队列读取结果:
    print('Try get results...')
    for i in range(10):
        r = result.get(timeout=10)
        print('Result: %s' % r)
    # 关闭:
    manager.shutdown()
    print('master exit.')