match开头~if group~忽略 search中间~if group~0 findall列表 +*? re.sub()替换
一、re模块
参考:https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/opensource/os-cn-pythonre/index.html
s:匹配任意空白字符
+:与之紧邻的元素出现一次或者多次
*:与之紧邻的元素出现任意次,或者不出现
?:与之紧邻的元素出现0或者1次
二、实例
1)re.match():match开头,if group,忽略
import re s = 'what are you doing are?' if re.match('are',s): print "touched" #匹配不到 if re.match('what', s): print "touched" #能匹配到,因为开头是what #group a = re.match('what', s) a.group() #'what',开头匹配到what,则a.group()就返回what #若开头没匹配到what,则a为空,调用a.group()会报错
还可以忽略大小写:
import re if re.match('gene',"Gene_name",re.IGNORECASE): print('yes')
2)re.search():search中间,if group
import re s = 'what are you doing are?' if re.search('are',s): print "touched" #用search就可以匹配中间的字符了
获取匹配结果:
#如果想获取匹配的结果,group()就派上用途了 target = '<strong>115</strong>' re.search('(>)([0-9]*)(<)',target).group(1) #'>' re.search('(>)([0-9]*)(<)',target).group(2) #'115' re.search('(>)([0-9]*)(<)',target).group(3) #'<' re.search('(>)([0-9]*)(<)',target).group(0) #'>115<' ''' 1.group() 同group(0)就是匹配正则表达式整体结果 2.group(1) 列出第一个括号匹配部分,group(2) 列出第二个括号匹配部分,group(3) 列出第三个括号匹配部分 '''
3)re.findall():返回列表
import re content = 'Hello 123456789 Word_This is just a test 666 Test' results = re.findall('d+', content) print(results) #['123456789', '666'] #如果没有匹配到,则返回空
4)re.sub():字符串替换
import re line = '帮同事订的,以下是他给我反馈:It was excellent and I can recommend it to anyone else to stay there' >>> re.sub('[a-zA-Z0-9]', '', line) #'帮同事订的,以下是他给我反馈: ' import re s = 'movies of the summer.<br /><br />Robin Williams' re.sub('<[^>]*>', '', s) #'movies of the summer.Robin Williams'
5)re.finditer():获取匹配到的关键词的所有下标
import re s = '奥迪你把奥迪厉害宝马奥迪奥' pattern = re.compile('奥迪') result = pattern.finditer(s) for each in result: print(each.span())