• ReadWriteLock用法


    对象的方法中一旦加入synchronized修饰,则任何时刻只能有一个线程访问synchronized修饰的方法。假设有个数据对象拥有写方法与读方法,多线程环境中要想保证数据的安全,需对该对象的读写方法都要加入 synchronized同步块。这样任何线程在写入时,其它线程无法读取与改变数据;如果有线程在读取时,其他线程也无法读取或写入。这种方式在写入操作远大于读操作时,问题不大,而当读取远远大于写入时,会造成性能瓶颈,因为此种情况下读取操作是可以同时进行的,而加锁操作限制了数据的并发读取。  

             ReadWriteLock解决了这个问题,当写操作时,其他线程无法读取或写入数据,而当读操作时,其它线程无法写入数据,但却可以读取数据 。

            且看 以下例子

    public class ReadWriteLockDemo {
        static SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
    
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            Data data = new Data();
            Worker t1 = new Worker(data,true);
            Worker t2 = new Worker(data,true);
            t1.start();
            t2.start();
        }
    
        static class Worker extends Thread {
            Data data;
            boolean read;
    
            public Worker(Data data, boolean read) {
                this.data = data;
                this.read = read;
            }
    
            public void run() {
                if (read)
                    data.get();
                else
                    data.set();
            }
        }
    
        static class Data {
            ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock();
            Lock read = lock.readLock();
            Lock write = lock.writeLock();
            public  void set() {
                write.lock();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().hashCode()
                        + " set:begin " + sdf.format(new Date()));
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(5000);
                    //
                } catch (Exception e) {
    
                } finally {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().hashCode() + " set:end "
                            + sdf.format(new Date()));
                    write.unlock();
                }
                
    
            }
    
            public  int get() {
                read.lock();
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().hashCode()
                        + " get :begin " + sdf.format(new Date()));
                try {
                    Thread.sleep(5000);
                    //
                } catch (Exception e) {
    
                } finally {
                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().hashCode() + " get :end "
                            + sdf.format(new Date()));
                    read.unlock();
                }
                
    
                return 1;
            }
        }
    }

    两个线程均是读线程,结果如下

     22474382 get :begin 2011-04-16 18:26:13
    4699264 get :begin 2011-04-16 18:26:13
    22474382 get :end 2011-04-16 18:26:18
    4699264 get :end 2011-04-16 18:26:18

    两读线程均可同时读取数据,下面看一个是读线程,一个写线程的情况

    Data data = new Data();
      Worker t1 = new Worker(data,false);
      Worker t2 = new Worker(data,true);
      
      t2.start();
      Thread.sleep(100);
      t1.start();

    先启动读取线程,再启动写入线程,看结果 

    14718739 get :begin 2011-04-16 18:54:46
    14718739 get :end 2011-04-16 18:54:51
    14737862 set:begin 2011-04-16 18:54:51
    14737862 set:end 2011-04-16 18:54:56

    可以看到读取线程工作时,写入线程是不能访问数据的

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/aloe/p/2698955.html
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