1、TACACS+相关信息
2、RADIUS软件下载地址
3、安装FreeRadius
1）准备建立账户
[root@alexy ~]# groupadd -g 500 radius [root@alexy ~]# useradd -g 500 -u 500 -d /opt/radius -m -s /bin/bash radius [root@alexy ~]# passwd radius Changing password for user radius. New UNIX password: BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word Retype new UNIX password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@alexy ~]# tail -3 /etc/passwd gdm:x:42:42::/var/gdm:/sbin/nologin sabayon:x:86:86:Sabayon user:/home/sabayon:/sbin/nologin radius:x:500:500::/opt/radius:/bin/bash [root@alexy ~]#
2）上传软件
[root@alexy radius]# ls -lh total 4.5M -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.5M Aug 28 14:52 freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz [root@alexy radius]# ls -lh total 4.5M -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4.5M Aug 28 14:52 freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz [root@alexy radius]# chmod 775 freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz [root@alexy radius]# chown radius:radius freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz [root@alexy radius]# ls -lh total 4.5M -rwxrwxr-x 1 radius radius 4.5M Aug 28 14:52 freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz [root@alexy radius]#
3）解压软件
[radius@alexy ~]$ tar -xvf freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz [radius@alexy ~]$ ls -lh total 4.5M drwxrwxr-x 13 radius radius 4.0K Jul 8 23:41 freeradius-server-3.0.9 -rwxrwxr-x 1 radius radius 4.5M Aug 28 14:52 freeradius-server-3.0.9.tar.gz
4）安装软件
安装软件前先要检查如下软件是否安装，如果没有安装就用yum安装。
yum install net-snmp yum install gcc yum install libtalloc yum install libtalloc-devel -y yum install openssl-devel -y
5）编译安装
编译安装是最容易出现问题的地方，出现问题大部分是和FreeRADIUS所依赖的包相关。把包找到正确基本安装上没有什么问题。
用root用户安装 ./configure make && make install
6）安装完成后，启动并测试
（1）启动radius radiusd or ##启动radius: radiusd -X ##启动radius的debug模式: （2）测试radius [root@alexy ~]# radtest steve testing 127.0.0.1 1812 testing123 Sending Access-Request of id 169 to 127.0.0.1 port 1812 User-Name = "steve" User-Password = "testing" NAS-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1 NAS-Port = 1812 Message-Authenticator = 0x00000000000000000000000000000000 rad_recv: Access-Reject packet from host 127.0.0.1 port 1812, id=169, length=20 [root@alexy ~]# 有rad_recv代表有回复，说明radius服务器是启动起来并能正常返回消息的。
4、配置FreeRadius
FreeRadius的配置文件主要包括如下几个文件：
/usr/local/etc/raddb/radiusd.conf #radius主要配置文件 /usr/local/etc/raddb/clients.conf #radius客户端配置文件 /usr/local/etc/raddb/users #radius用户配置文件
5、修改配置情况
（1）radiusd.conf
# -*- text -*- ## ## radiusd.conf -- FreeRADIUS server configuration file. ## ## http://www.freeradius.org/ ## $Id: 81a565ed4e970318914f4c7798215a04d9ca8c15 $ ## ###################################################################### # # Read "man radiusd" before editing this file. See the section # titled DEBUGGING. It outlines a method where you can quickly # obtain the configuration you want, without running into # trouble. # # Run the server in debugging mode, and READ the output. # # $ radiusd -X # # We cannot emphasize this point strongly enough. The vast # majority of problems can be solved by carefully reading the # debugging output, which includes warnings about common issues, # and suggestions for how they may be fixed. # # There may be a lot of output, but look carefully for words like: # "warning", "error", "reject", or "failure". The messages there # will usually be enough to guide you to a solution. # # If you are going to ask a question on the mailing list, then # explain what you are trying to do, and include the output from # debugging mode (radiusd -X). Failure to do so means that all # of the responses to your question will be people telling you # to "post the output of radiusd -X". ###################################################################### # # The location of other config files and logfiles are declared # in this file. # # Also general configuration for modules can be done in this # file, it is exported through the API to modules that ask for # it. # # See "man radiusd.conf" for documentation on the format of this # file. Note that the individual configuration items are NOT # documented in that "man" page. They are only documented here, # in the comments. # # As of 2.0.0, FreeRADIUS supports a simple processing language # in the "authorize", "authenticate", "accounting", etc. sections. # See "man unlang" for details. # prefix = /usr/local exec_prefix = ${prefix} sysconfdir = ${prefix}/etc localstatedir = ${prefix}/var sbindir = ${exec_prefix}/sbin logdir = ${localstatedir}/log/radius raddbdir = ${sysconfdir}/raddb radacctdir = ${logdir}/radacct # # name of the running server. See also the "-n" command-line option. name = radiusd # Location of config and logfiles. confdir = ${raddbdir} run_dir = ${localstatedir}/run/${name} # Should likely be ${localstatedir}/lib/radiusd db_dir = ${raddbdir} # # libdir: Where to find the rlm_* modules. # # This should be automatically set at configuration time. # # If the server builds and installs, but fails at execution time # with an 'undefined symbol' error, then you can use the libdir # directive to work around the problem. # # The cause is usually that a library has been installed on your # system in a place where the dynamic linker CANNOT find it. When # executing as root (or another user), your personal environment MAY # be set up to allow the dynamic linker to find the library. When # executing as a daemon, FreeRADIUS MAY NOT have the same # personalized configuration. # # To work around the problem, find out which library contains that symbol, # and add the directory containing that library to the end of 'libdir', # with a colon separating the directory names. NO spaces are allowed. # # e.g. libdir = /usr/local/lib:/opt/package/lib # # You can also try setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable # in a script which starts the server. # # If that does not work, then you can re-configure and re-build the # server to NOT use shared libraries, via: # # ./configure --disable-shared # make # make install # libdir = ${exec_prefix}/lib # pidfile: Where to place the PID of the RADIUS server. # # The server may be signalled while it's running by using this # file. # # This file is written when ONLY running in daemon mode. # # e.g.: kill -HUP `cat /var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid` # pidfile = ${run_dir}/${name}.pid # chroot: directory where the server does "chroot". # # The chroot is done very early in the process of starting the server. # After the chroot has been performed it switches to the "user" listed # below (which MUST be specified). If "group" is specified, it switchs # to that group, too. Any other groups listed for the specified "user" # in "/etc/group" are also added as part of this process. # # The current working directory (chdir / cd) is left *outside* of the # chroot until all of the modules have been initialized. This allows # the "raddb" directory to be left outside of the chroot. Once the # modules have been initialized, it does a "chdir" to ${logdir}. This # means that it should be impossible to break out of the chroot. # # If you are worried about security issues related to this use of chdir, # then simply ensure that the "raddb" directory is inside of the chroot, # end be sure to do "cd raddb" BEFORE starting the server. # # If the server is statically linked, then the only files that have # to exist in the chroot are ${run_dir} and ${logdir}. If you do the # "cd raddb" as discussed above, then the "raddb" directory has to be # inside of the chroot directory, too. # #chroot = /path/to/chroot/directory # user/group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run radiusd as. # # If these are commented out, the server will run as the user/group # that started it. In order to change to a different user/group, you # MUST be root ( or have root privleges ) to start the server. # # We STRONGLY recommend that you run the server with as few permissions # as possible. That is, if you're not using shadow passwords, the # user and group items below should be set to radius'. # # NOTE that some kernels refuse to setgid(group) when the value of # (unsigned)group is above 60000; don't use group nobody on these systems! # # On systems with shadow passwords, you might have to set 'group = shadow' # for the server to be able to read the shadow password file. If you can # authenticate users while in debug mode, but not in daemon mode, it may be # that the debugging mode server is running as a user that can read the # shadow info, and the user listed below can not. # # The server will also try to use "initgroups" to read /etc/groups. # It will join all groups where "user" is a member. This can allow # for some finer-grained access controls. # #user = radius #group = radius # panic_action: Command to execute if the server dies unexpectedly. # # FOR PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, ACTIONS SHOULD ALWAYS EXIT. # AN INTERACTIVE ACTION MEANS THE SERVER IS NOT RESPONDING TO REQUESTS. # AN INTERACTICE ACTION MEANS THE SERVER WILL NOT RESTART. # # The panic action is a command which will be executed if the server # receives a fatal, non user generated signal, i.e. SIGSEGV, SIGBUS, # SIGABRT or SIGFPE. # # This can be used to start an interactive debugging session so # that information regarding the current state of the server can # be acquired. # # The following string substitutions are available: # - %e The currently executing program e.g. /sbin/radiusd # - %p The PID of the currently executing program e.g. 12345 # # Standard ${} substitutions are also allowed. # # An example panic action for opening an interactive session in GDB would be: # #panic_action = "gdb %e %p" # # Again, don't use that on a production system. # # An example panic action for opening an automated session in GDB would be: # #panic_action = "gdb -silent -x ${raddbdir}/panic.gdb %e %p > ${logdir}/gdb-%e-%p.log 2>&1" # # That command can be used on a production system. # # max_request_time: The maximum time (in seconds) to handle a request. # # Requests which take more time than this to process may be killed, and # a REJECT message is returned. # # WARNING: If you notice that requests take a long time to be handled, # then this MAY INDICATE a bug in the server, in one of the modules # used to handle a request, OR in your local configuration. # # This problem is most often seen when using an SQL database. If it takes # more than a second or two to receive an answer from the SQL database, # then it probably means that you haven't indexed the database. See your # SQL server documentation for more information. # # Useful range of values: 5 to 120 # max_request_time = 30 # cleanup_delay: The time to wait (in seconds) before cleaning up # a reply which was sent to the NAS. # # The RADIUS request is normally cached internally for a short period # of time, after the reply is sent to the NAS. The reply packet may be # lost in the network, and the NAS will not see it. The NAS will then # re-send the request, and the server will respond quickly with the # cached reply. # # If this value is set too low, then duplicate requests from the NAS # MAY NOT be detected, and will instead be handled as seperate requests. # # If this value is set too high, then the server will cache too many # requests, and some new requests may get blocked. (See 'max_requests'.) # # Useful range of values: 2 to 10 # cleanup_delay = 5 # max_requests: The maximum number of requests which the server keeps # track of. This should be 256 multiplied by the number of clients. # e.g. With 4 clients, this number should be 1024. # # If this number is too low, then when the server becomes busy, # it will not respond to any new requests, until the 'cleanup_delay' # time has passed, and it has removed the old requests. # # If this number is set too high, then the server will use a bit more # memory for no real benefit. # # If you aren't sure what it should be set to, it's better to set it # too high than too low. Setting it to 1000 per client is probably # the highest it should be. # # Useful range of values: 256 to infinity # max_requests = 1024 # listen: Make the server listen on a particular IP address, and send # replies out from that address. This directive is most useful for # hosts with multiple IP addresses on one interface. # # If you want the server to listen on additional addresses, or on # additionnal ports, you can use multiple "listen" sections. # # Each section make the server listen for only one type of packet, # therefore authentication and accounting have to be configured in # different sections. # # The server ignore all "listen" section if you are using '-i' and '-p' # on the command line. # listen { # Type of packets to listen for. # Allowed values are: # auth listen for authentication packets # acct listen for accounting packets # proxy IP to use for sending proxied packets # detail Read from the detail file. For examples, see # raddb/sites-available/copy-acct-to-home-server # status listen for Status-Server packets. For examples, # see raddb/sites-available/status # coa listen for CoA-Request and Disconnect-Request # packets. For examples, see the file # raddb/sites-available/coa # type = auth # Note: "type = proxy" lets you control the source IP used for # proxying packets, with some limitations: # # * A proxy listener CANNOT be used in a virtual server section. # * You should probably set "port = 0". # * Any "clients" configuration will be ignored. # # See also proxy.conf, and the "src_ipaddr" configuration entry # in the sample "home_server" section. When you specify the # source IP address for packets sent to a home server, the # proxy listeners are automatically created. # IP address on which to listen. # Allowed values are: # dotted quad (1.2.3.4) # hostname (radius.example.com) # wildcard (*) ipaddr = * # OR, you can use an IPv6 address, but not both # at the same time. # ipv6addr = :: # any. ::1 == localhost # Port on which to listen. # Allowed values are: # integer port number (1812) # 0 means "use /etc/services for the proper port" port = 0 # Some systems support binding to an interface, in addition # to the IP address. This feature isn't strictly necessary, # but for sites with many IP addresses on one interface, # it's useful to say "listen on all addresses for eth0". # # If your system does not support this feature, you will # get an error if you try to use it. # # interface = eth0 # Per-socket lists of clients. This is a very useful feature. # # The name here is a reference to a section elsewhere in # radiusd.conf, or clients.conf. Having the name as # a reference allows multiple sockets to use the same # set of clients. # # If this configuration is used, then the global list of clients # is IGNORED for this "listen" section. Take care configuring # this feature, to ensure you don't accidentally disable a # client you need. # # See clients.conf for the configuration of "per_socket_clients". # # clients = per_socket_clients } # This second "listen" section is for listening on the accounting # port, too. # listen { ipaddr = * # ipv6addr = :: port = 0 type = acct # interface = eth0 # clients = per_socket_clients } # hostname_lookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.freeradius.org (on) or 206.47.27.232 (off). # # The default is 'off' because it would be overall better for the net # if people had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it # means that each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup # request to the nameserver. Enabling hostname_lookups will also # mean that your server may stop randomly for 30 seconds from time # to time, if the DNS requests take too long. # # Turning hostname lookups off also means that the server won't block # for 30 seconds, if it sees an IP address which has no name associated # with it. # # allowed values: {no, yes} # hostname_lookups = no # Core dumps are a bad thing. This should only be set to 'yes' # if you're debugging a problem with the server. # # allowed values: {no, yes} # allow_core_dumps = no # Regular expressions # # These items are set at configure time. If they're set to "yes", # then setting them to "no" turns off regular expression support. # # If they're set to "no" at configure time, then setting them to "yes" # WILL NOT WORK. It will give you an error. # regular_expressions = yes extended_expressions = yes # # Logging section. The various "log_*" configuration items # will eventually be moved here. # log { # # Destination for log messages. This can be one of: # # files - log to "file", as defined below. # syslog - to syslog (see also the "syslog_facility", below. # stdout - standard output # stderr - standard error. # # The command-line option "-X" over-rides this option, and forces # logging to go to stdout. # destination = files # # The logging messages for the server are appended to the # tail of this file if destination == "files" # # If the server is running in debugging mode, this file is # NOT used. # file = ${logdir}/radius.log # # If this configuration parameter is set, then log messages for # a *request* go to this file, rather than to radius.log. # # i.e. This is a log file per request, once the server has accepted # the request as being from a valid client. Messages that are # not associated with a request still go to radius.log. # # Not all log messages in the server core have been updated to use # this new internal API. As a result, some messages will still # go to radius.log. Please submit patches to fix this behavior. # # The file name is expanded dynamically. You should ONLY user # server-side attributes for the filename (e.g. things you control). # Using this feature MAY also slow down the server substantially, # especially if you do thinks like SQL calls as part of the # expansion of the filename. # # The name of the log file should use attributes that don't change # over the lifetime of a request, such as User-Name, # Virtual-Server or Packet-Src-IP-Address. Otherwise, the log # messages will be distributed over multiple files. # # Logging can be enabled for an individual request by a special # dynamic expansion macro: %{debug: 1}, where the debug level # for this request is set to '1' (or 2, 3, etc.). e.g. # # ... # update control { # Tmp-String-0 = "%{debug:1}" # } # ... # # The attribute that the value is assigned to is unimportant, # and should be a "throw-away" attribute with no side effects. # #requests = ${logdir}/radiusd-%{%{Virtual-Server}:-DEFAULT}-%Y%m%d.log # # Which syslog facility to use, if ${destination} == "syslog" # # The exact values permitted here are OS-dependent. You probably # don't want to change this. # syslog_facility = daemon # Log the full User-Name attribute, as it was found in the request. # # allowed values: {no, yes} # stripped_names = no # Log authentication requests to the log file. # # allowed values: {no, yes} # auth = no # Log passwords with the authentication requests. # auth_badpass - logs password if it's rejected # auth_goodpass - logs password if it's correct # # allowed values: {no, yes} # auth_badpass = no auth_goodpass = no # Log additional text at the end of the "Login OK" messages. # for these to work, the "auth" and "auth_goopass" or "auth_badpass" # configurations above have to be set to "yes". # # The strings below are dynamically expanded, which means that # you can put anything you want in them. However, note that # this expansion can be slow, and can negatively impact server # performance. # # msg_goodpass = "" # msg_badpass = "" } # The program to execute to do concurrency checks. checkrad = ${sbindir}/checkrad # SECURITY CONFIGURATION # # There may be multiple methods of attacking on the server. This # section holds the configuration items which minimize the impact # of those attacks # security { # # max_attributes: The maximum number of attributes # permitted in a RADIUS packet. Packets which have MORE # than this number of attributes in them will be dropped. # # If this number is set too low, then no RADIUS packets # will be accepted. # # If this number is set too high, then an attacker may be # able to send a small number of packets which will cause # the server to use all available memory on the machine. # # Setting this number to 0 means "allow any number of attributes" max_attributes = 200 # # reject_delay: When sending an Access-Reject, it can be # delayed for a few seconds. This may help slow down a DoS # attack. It also helps to slow down people trying to brute-force # crack a users password. # # Setting this number to 0 means "send rejects immediately" # # If this number is set higher than 'cleanup_delay', then the # rejects will be sent at 'cleanup_delay' time, when the request # is deleted from the internal cache of requests. # # Useful ranges: 1 to 5 reject_delay = 1 # # status_server: Whether or not the server will respond # to Status-Server requests. # # When sent a Status-Server message, the server responds with # an Access-Accept or Accounting-Response packet. # # This is mainly useful for administrators who want to "ping" # the server, without adding test users, or creating fake # accounting packets. # # It's also useful when a NAS marks a RADIUS server "dead". # The NAS can periodically "ping" the server with a Status-Server # packet. If the server responds, it must be alive, and the # NAS can start using it for real requests. # # See also raddb/sites-available/status # status_server = yes # # allow_vulnerable_openssl: Allow the server to start with # versions of OpenSSL known to have critical vulnerabilities. # # This check is based on the version number reported by libssl # and may not reflect patches applied to libssl by # distribution maintainers. # allow_vulnerable_openssl = no } # PROXY CONFIGURATION # # proxy_requests: Turns proxying of RADIUS requests on or off. # # The server has proxying turned on by default. If your system is NOT # set up to proxy requests to another server, then you can turn proxying # off here. This will save a small amount of resources on the server. # # If you have proxying turned off, and your configuration files say # to proxy a request, then an error message will be logged. # # To disable proxying, change the "yes" to "no", and comment the # $INCLUDE line. # # allowed values: {no, yes} # proxy_requests = yes $INCLUDE proxy.conf # CLIENTS CONFIGURATION # # Client configuration is defined in "clients.conf". # # The 'clients.conf' file contains all of the information from the old # 'clients' and 'naslist' configuration files. We recommend that you # do NOT use 'client's or 'naslist', although they are still # supported. # # Anything listed in 'clients.conf' will take precedence over the # information from the old-style configuration files. # $INCLUDE clients.conf # THREAD POOL CONFIGURATION # # The thread pool is a long-lived group of threads which # take turns (round-robin) handling any incoming requests. # # You probably want to have a few spare threads around, # so that high-load situations can be handled immediately. If you # don't have any spare threads, then the request handling will # be delayed while a new thread is created, and added to the pool. # # You probably don't want too many spare threads around, # otherwise they'll be sitting there taking up resources, and # not doing anything productive. # # The numbers given below should be adequate for most situations. # thread pool { # Number of servers to start initially --- should be a reasonable # ballpark figure. start_servers = 5 # Limit on the total number of servers running. # # If this limit is ever reached, clients will be LOCKED OUT, so it # should NOT BE SET TOO LOW. It is intended mainly as a brake to # keep a runaway server from taking the system with it as it spirals # down... # # You may find that the server is regularly reaching the # 'max_servers' number of threads, and that increasing # 'max_servers' doesn't seem to make much difference. # # If this is the case, then the problem is MOST LIKELY that # your back-end databases are taking too long to respond, and # are preventing the server from responding in a timely manner. # # The solution is NOT do keep increasing the 'max_servers' # value, but instead to fix the underlying cause of the # problem: slow database, or 'hostname_lookups=yes'. # # For more information, see 'max_request_time', above. # max_servers = 32 # Server-pool size regulation. Rather than making you guess # how many servers you need, FreeRADIUS dynamically adapts to # the load it sees, that is, it tries to maintain enough # servers to handle the current load, plus a few spare # servers to handle transient load spikes. # # It does this by periodically checking how many servers are # waiting for a request. If there are fewer than # min_spare_servers, it creates a new spare. If there are # more than max_spare_servers, some of the spares die off. # The default values are probably OK for most sites. # min_spare_servers = 3 max_spare_servers = 10 # When the server receives a packet, it places it onto an # internal queue, where the worker threads (configured above) # pick it up for processing. The maximum size of that queue # is given here. # # When the queue is full, any new packets will be silently # discarded. # # The most common cause of the queue being full is that the # server is dependent on a slow database, and it has received # a large "spike" of traffic. When that happens, there is # very little you can do other than make sure the server # receives less traffic, or make sure that the database can # handle the load. # # max_queue_size = 65536 # There may be memory leaks or resource allocation problems with # the server. If so, set this value to 300 or so, so that the # resources will be cleaned up periodically. # # This should only be necessary if there are serious bugs in the # server which have not yet been fixed. # # '0' is a special value meaning 'infinity', or 'the servers never # exit' max_requests_per_server = 0 } # MODULE CONFIGURATION # # The names and configuration of each module is located in this section. # # After the modules are defined here, they may be referred to by name, # in other sections of this configuration file. # modules { # # Each module has a configuration as follows: # # name [ instance ] { # config_item = value # ... # } # # The 'name' is used to load the 'rlm_name' library # which implements the functionality of the module. # # The 'instance' is optional. To have two different instances # of a module, it first must be referred to by 'name'. # The different copies of the module are then created by # inventing two 'instance' names, e.g. 'instance1' and 'instance2' # # The instance names can then be used in later configuration # INSTEAD of the original 'name'. See the 'radutmp' configuration # for an example. # # # As of 2.0.5, most of the module configurations are in a # sub-directory. Files matching the regex /[a-zA-Z0-9_.]+/ # are loaded. The modules are initialized ONLY if they are # referenced in a processing section, such as authorize, # authenticate, accounting, pre/post-proxy, etc. # $INCLUDE ${confdir}/modules/ # Extensible Authentication Protocol # # For all EAP related authentications. # Now in another file, because it is very large. # $INCLUDE eap.conf # Include another file that has the SQL-related configuration. # This is another file only because it tends to be big. # # $INCLUDE sql.conf # # This module is an SQL enabled version of the counter module. # # Rather than maintaining seperate (GDBM) databases of # accounting info for each counter, this module uses the data # stored in the raddacct table by the sql modules. This # module NEVER does any database INSERTs or UPDATEs. It is # totally dependent on the SQL module to process Accounting # packets. # # $INCLUDE sql/mysql/counter.conf # # IP addresses managed in an SQL table. # # $INCLUDE sqlippool.conf } # Instantiation # # This section orders the loading of the modules. Modules # listed here will get loaded BEFORE the later sections like # authorize, authenticate, etc. get examined. # # This section is not strictly needed. When a section like # authorize refers to a module, it's automatically loaded and # initialized. However, some modules may not be listed in any # of the following sections, so they can be listed here. # # Also, listing modules here ensures that you have control over # the order in which they are initalized. If one module needs # something defined by another module, you can list them in order # here, and ensure that the configuration will be OK. # instantiate { # # Allows the execution of external scripts. # The entire command line (and output) must fit into 253 bytes. # # e.g. Framed-Pool = `%{exec:/bin/echo foo}` exec # # The expression module doesn't do authorization, # authentication, or accounting. It only does dynamic # translation, of the form: # # Session-Timeout = `%{expr:2 + 3}` # # This module needs to be instantiated, but CANNOT be # listed in any other section. See 'doc/rlm_expr' for # more information. # # rlm_expr is also responsible for registering many # other xlat functions such as md5, sha1 and lc. # # We do not recommend removing it's listing here. expr # # We add the counter module here so that it registers # the check-name attribute before any module which sets # it # daily expiration logintime # subsections here can be thought of as "virtual" modules. # # e.g. If you have two redundant SQL servers, and you want to # use them in the authorize and accounting sections, you could # place a "redundant" block in each section, containing the # exact same text. Or, you could uncomment the following # lines, and list "redundant_sql" in the authorize and # accounting sections. # #redundant redundant_sql { # sql1 # sql2 #} } ###################################################################### # # Policies that can be applied in multiple places are listed # globally. That way, they can be defined once, and referred # to multiple times. # ###################################################################### $INCLUDE policy.conf ###################################################################### # # Load virtual servers. # # This next $INCLUDE line loads files in the directory that # match the regular expression: /[a-zA-Z0-9_.]+/ # # It allows you to define new virtual servers simply by placing # a file into the raddb/sites-enabled/ directory. # $INCLUDE sites-enabled/ ###################################################################### # # All of the other configuration sections like "authorize {}", # "authenticate {}", "accounting {}", have been moved to the # the file: # # raddb/sites-available/default # # This is the "default" virtual server that has the same # configuration as in version 1.0.x and 1.1.x. The default # installation enables this virtual server. You should # edit it to create policies for your local site. # # For more documentation on virtual servers, see: # # raddb/sites-available/README # ######################################################################
（2）clients.conf
# -*- text -*- ## ## clients.conf -- client configuration directives ## ## $Id: 729c15d3e84c6cdb54a5f3652d93a2d7f8725fd4 $ ####################################################################### # # Define RADIUS clients (usually a NAS, Access Point, etc.). # # Defines a RADIUS client. # # '127.0.0.1' is another name for 'localhost'. It is enabled by default, # to allow testing of the server after an initial installation. If you # are not going to be permitting RADIUS queries from localhost, we suggest # that you delete, or comment out, this entry. # # # # Each client has a "short name" that is used to distinguish it from # other clients. # # In version 1.x, the string after the word "client" was the IP # address of the client. In 2.0, the IP address is configured via # the "ipaddr" or "ipv6addr" fields. For compatibility, the 1.x # format is still accepted. # client localhost { # Allowed values are: # dotted quad (1.2.3.4) # hostname (radius.example.com) ipaddr = 127.0.0.1 # OR, you can use an IPv6 address, but not both # at the same time. # ipv6addr = :: # any. ::1 == localhost # # A note on DNS: We STRONGLY recommend using IP addresses # rather than host names. Using host names means that the # server will do DNS lookups when it starts, making it # dependent on DNS. i.e. If anything goes wrong with DNS, # the server won't start! # # The server also looks up the IP address from DNS once, and # only once, when it starts. If the DNS record is later # updated, the server WILL NOT see that update. # # One client definition can be applied to an entire network. # e.g. 127/8 should be defined with "ipaddr = 127.0.0.0" and # "netmask = 8" # # If not specified, the default netmask is 32 (i.e. /32) # # We do NOT recommend using anything other than 32. There # are usually other, better ways to achieve the same goal. # Using netmasks of other than 32 can cause security issues. # # You can specify overlapping networks (127/8 and 127.0/16) # In that case, the smallest possible network will be used # as the "best match" for the client. # # Clients can also be defined dynamically at run time, based # on any criteria. e.g. SQL lookups, keying off of NAS-Identifier, # etc. # See raddb/sites-available/dynamic-clients for details. # # netmask = 32 # # The shared secret use to "encrypt" and "sign" packets between # the NAS and FreeRADIUS. You MUST change this secret from the # default, otherwise it's not a secret any more! # # The secret can be any string, up to 8k characters in length. # # Control codes can be entered vi octal encoding, # e.g. "101102" == "AB" # Quotation marks can be entered by escaping them, # e.g. "foo"bar" # # A note on security: The security of the RADIUS protocol # depends COMPLETELY on this secret! We recommend using a # shared secret that is composed of: # # upper case letters # lower case letters # numbers # # And is at LEAST 8 characters long, preferably 16 characters in # length. The secret MUST be random, and should not be words, # phrase, or anything else that is recognizable. # # The default secret below is only for testing, and should # not be used in any real environment. # secret = testing123 # # Old-style clients do not send a Message-Authenticator # in an Access-Request. RFC 5080 suggests that all clients # SHOULD include it in an Access-Request. The configuration # item below allows the server to require it. If a client # is required to include a Message-Authenticator and it does # not, then the packet will be silently discarded. # # allowed values: yes, no require_message_authenticator = no # # The short name is used as an alias for the fully qualified # domain name, or the IP address. # # It is accepted for compatibility with 1.x, but it is no # longer necessary in 2.0 # # shortname = localhost # # the following three fields are optional, but may be used by # checkrad.pl for simultaneous use checks # # # The nastype tells 'checkrad.pl' which NAS-specific method to # use to query the NAS for simultaneous use. # # Permitted NAS types are: # # cisco # computone # livingston # juniper # max40xx # multitech # netserver # pathras # patton # portslave # tc # usrhiper # other # for all other types # nastype = other # localhost isn't usually a NAS... # # The following two configurations are for future use. # The 'naspasswd' file is currently used to store the NAS # login name and password, which is used by checkrad.pl # when querying the NAS for simultaneous use. # # login = !root # password = someadminpas # # As of 2.0, clients can also be tied to a virtual server. # This is done by setting the "virtual_server" configuration # item, as in the example below. # # virtual_server = home1 # # A pointer to the "home_server_pool" OR a "home_server" # section that contains the CoA configuration for this # client. For an example of a coa home server or pool, # see raddb/sites-available/originate-coa # coa_server = coa } # IPv6 Client #client ::1 { # secret = testing123 # shortname = localhost #} # # All IPv6 Site-local clients #client fe80::/16 { # secret = testing123 # shortname = localhost #} #client some.host.org { # secret = testing123 # shortname = localhost #} # # You can now specify one secret for a network of clients. # When a client request comes in, the BEST match is chosen. # i.e. The entry from the smallest possible network. # #client 192.168.0.0/24 { # secret = testing123-1 # shortname = private-network-1 #} # #client 192.168.0.0/16 { # secret = testing123-2 # shortname = private-network-2 #} #client 10.10.10.10 { # # secret and password are mapped through the "secrets" file. # secret = testing123 # shortname = liv1 # # the following three fields are optional, but may be used by # # checkrad.pl for simultaneous usage checks # nastype = livingston # login = !root # password = someadminpas #} ####################################################################### # # Per-socket client lists. The configuration entries are exactly # the same as above, but they are nested inside of a section. # # You can have as many per-socket client lists as you have "listen" # sections, or you can re-use a list among multiple "listen" sections. # # Un-comment this section, and edit a "listen" section to add: # "clients = per_socket_clients". That IP address/port combination # will then accept ONLY the clients listed in this section. # #clients per_socket_clients { # client 192.168.3.4 { # secret = testing123 # } #} [root@alexy raddb]#
（3）users
# # Please read the documentation file ../doc/processing_users_file, # or 'man 5 users' (after installing the server) for more information. # # This file contains authentication security and configuration # information for each user. Accounting requests are NOT processed # through this file. Instead, see 'acct_users', in this directory. # # The first field is the user's name and can be up to # 253 characters in length. This is followed (on the same line) with # the list of authentication requirements for that user. This can # include password, comm server name, comm server port number, protocol # type (perhaps set by the "hints" file), and huntgroup name (set by # the "huntgroups" file). # # If you are not sure why a particular reply is being sent by the # server, then run the server in debugging mode (radiusd -X), and # you will see which entries in this file are matched. # # When an authentication request is received from the comm server, # these values are tested. Only the first match is used unless the # "Fall-Through" variable is set to "Yes". # # A special user named "DEFAULT" matches on all usernames. # You can have several DEFAULT entries. All entries are processed # in the order they appear in this file. The first entry that # matches the login-request will stop processing unless you use # the Fall-Through variable. # # If you use the database support to turn this file into a .db or .dbm # file, the DEFAULT entries _have_ to be at the end of this file and # you can't have multiple entries for one username. # # Indented (with the tab character) lines following the first # line indicate the configuration values to be passed back to # the comm server to allow the initiation of a user session. # This can include things like the PPP configuration values # or the host to log the user onto. # # You can include another `users' file with `$INCLUDE users.other' # # # For a list of RADIUS attributes, and links to their definitions, # see: # # http://www.freeradius.org/rfc/attributes.html # # # Deny access for a specific user. Note that this entry MUST # be before any other 'Auth-Type' attribute which results in the user # being authenticated. # # Note that there is NO 'Fall-Through' attribute, so the user will not # be given any additional resources. # #lameuser Auth-Type := Reject # Reply-Message = "Your account has been disabled." # # Deny access for a group of users. # # Note that there is NO 'Fall-Through' attribute, so the user will not # be given any additional resources. # #DEFAULT Group == "disabled", Auth-Type := Reject # Reply-Message = "Your account has been disabled." # # # This is a complete entry for "steve". Note that there is no Fall-Through # entry so that no DEFAULT entry will be used, and the user will NOT # get any attributes in addition to the ones listed here. # #steve Cleartext-Password := "testing" # Service-Type = Framed-User, # Framed-Protocol = PPP, # Framed-IP-Address = 172.16.3.33, # Framed-IP-Netmask = 255.255.255.0, # Framed-Routing = Broadcast-Listen, # Framed-Filter-Id = "std.ppp", # Framed-MTU = 1500, # Framed-Compression = Van-Jacobsen-TCP-IP # # This is an entry for a user with a space in their name. # Note the double quotes surrounding the name. # #"John Doe" Cleartext-Password := "hello" # Reply-Message = "Hello, %{User-Name}" # # Dial user back and telnet to the default host for that port # #Deg Cleartext-Password := "ge55ged" # Service-Type = Callback-Login-User, # Login-IP-Host = 0.0.0.0, # Callback-Number = "9,5551212", # Login-Service = Telnet, # Login-TCP-Port = Telnet # # Another complete entry. After the user "dialbk" has logged in, the # connection will be broken and the user will be dialed back after which # he will get a connection to the host "timeshare1". # #dialbk Cleartext-Password := "callme" # Service-Type = Callback-Login-User, # Login-IP-Host = timeshare1, # Login-Service = PortMaster, # Callback-Number = "9,1-800-555-1212" # # user "swilson" will only get a static IP number if he logs in with # a framed protocol on a terminal server in Alphen (see the huntgroups file). # # Note that by setting "Fall-Through", other attributes will be added from # the following DEFAULT entries # #swilson Service-Type == Framed-User, Huntgroup-Name == "alphen" # Framed-IP-Address = 192.168.1.65, # Fall-Through = Yes # # If the user logs in as 'username.shell', then authenticate them # using the default method, give them shell access, and stop processing # the rest of the file. # #DEFAULT Suffix == ".shell" # Service-Type = Login-User, # Login-Service = Telnet, # Login-IP-Host = your.shell.machine # # The rest of this file contains the several DEFAULT entries. # DEFAULT entries match with all login names. # Note that DEFAULT entries can also Fall-Through (see first entry). # A name-value pair from a DEFAULT entry will _NEVER_ override # an already existing name-value pair. # # # Set up different IP address pools for the terminal servers. # Note that the "+" behind the IP address means that this is the "base" # IP address. The Port-Id (S0, S1 etc) will be added to it. # #DEFAULT Service-Type == Framed-User, Huntgroup-Name == "alphen" # Framed-IP-Address = 192.168.1.32+, # Fall-Through = Yes #DEFAULT Service-Type == Framed-User, Huntgroup-Name == "delft" # Framed-IP-Address = 192.168.2.32+, # Fall-Through = Yes # # Sample defaults for all framed connections. # #DEFAULT Service-Type == Framed-User # Framed-IP-Address = 255.255.255.254, # Framed-MTU = 576, # Service-Type = Framed-User, # Fall-Through = Yes # # Default for PPP: dynamic IP address, PPP mode, VJ-compression. # NOTE: we do not use Hint = "PPP", since PPP might also be auto-detected # by the terminal server in which case there may not be a "P" suffix. # The terminal server sends "Framed-Protocol = PPP" for auto PPP. # DEFAULT Framed-Protocol == PPP Framed-Protocol = PPP, Framed-Compression = Van-Jacobson-TCP-IP # # Default for CSLIP: dynamic IP address, SLIP mode, VJ-compression. # DEFAULT Hint == "CSLIP" Framed-Protocol = SLIP, Framed-Compression = Van-Jacobson-TCP-IP # # Default for SLIP: dynamic IP address, SLIP mode. # DEFAULT Hint == "SLIP" Framed-Protocol = SLIP # # Last default: rlogin to our main server. # #DEFAULT # Service-Type = Login-User, # Login-Service = Rlogin, # Login-IP-Host = shellbox.ispdomain.com # # # # Last default: shell on the local terminal server. # # # DEFAULT # Service-Type = Administrative-User # On no match, the user is denied access.
6、FreeRADIUS常用信息
1）常用日志位置：/usr/local/var/log/radius/radius.log
2）常用命令
（1）radiusd命令
[root@alexy raddb]# radiusd --h radiusd: invalid option -- - Usage: radiusd [-d db_dir] [-l log_dir] [-i address] [-n name] [-fsvXx] Options: -C Check configuration and exit. -d raddb_dir Configuration files are in "raddbdir/*". -f Run as a foreground process, not a daemon. -h Print this help message. -i ipaddr Listen on ipaddr ONLY. -l log_file Logging output will be written to this file. -m On SIGINT or SIGQUIT exit cleanly instead of immediately. -n name Read raddb/name.conf instead of raddb/radiusd.conf -p port Listen on port ONLY. -s Do not spawn child processes to handle requests. -t Disable threads. -v Print server version information. -X Turn on full debugging. -x Turn on additional debugging. (-xx gives more debugging). [root@alexy raddb]#