最终的 /etc/profile :#在文件最后添加
# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
# It's NOT a good idea to change this file unless you know what you
# are doing. It's much better to create a custom.sh shell script in
# /etc/profile.d/ to make custom changes to your environment, as this
# will prevent the need for merging in future updates.
pathmunge () {
case ":${PATH}:" in
*:"$1":*)
;;
*)
if [ "$2" = "after" ] ; then
PATH=$PATH:$1
else
PATH=$1:$PATH
fi
esac
}
if [ -x /usr/bin/id ]; then
if [ -z "$EUID" ]; then
# ksh workaround
EUID=`id -u`
UID=`id -ru`
fi
USER="`id -un`"
LOGNAME=$USER
MAIL="/var/spool/mail/$USER"
fi
# Path manipulation
if [ "$EUID" = "0" ]; then
pathmunge /sbin
pathmunge /usr/sbin
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin
else
pathmunge /usr/local/sbin after
pathmunge /usr/sbin after
pathmunge /sbin after
fi
HOSTNAME=`/bin/hostname 2>/dev/null`
HISTSIZE=1000
if [ "$HISTCONTROL" = "ignorespace" ] ; then
export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
else
export HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
fi
export PATH USER LOGNAME MAIL HOSTNAME HISTSIZE HISTCONTROL
# By default, we want umask to get set. This sets it for login shell
# Current threshold for system reserved uid/gids is 200
# You could check uidgid reservation validity in
# /usr/share/doc/setup-*/uidgid file
if [ $UID -gt 199 ] && [ "`id -gn`" = "`id -un`" ]; then
umask 002
else
umask 022
fi
for i in /etc/profile.d/*.sh ; do
if [ -r "$i" ]; then
if [ "${-#*i}" != "$-" ]; then
. "$i"
else
. "$i" >/dev/null 2>&1
fi
fi
done
#在文件最后添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=$HADOOP_HOME/lib/native/"
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$HADOOP_HOME/lib
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
ulimit -n 65535
1.准备Linux环境
1.0点击VMware快捷方式，右键打开文件所在位置 -> 双击vmnetcfg.exe -> VMnet1 host-only ->修改subnet ip
设置网段：192.168.8.0 子网掩码：255.255.255.0 -> apply -> ok
回到windows --> 打开网络和共享中心 -> 更改适配器设置 -> 右键VMnet1 -> 属性 -> 双击IPv4 -> 设
置windows的IP：192.168.8.100 子网掩码：255.255.255.0 -> 点击确定
在虚拟软件上 --My Computer -> 选中虚拟机 -> 右键 -> settings -> network adapter -> host only
-> ok
1.1修改主机名
vim /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=itcast01 ###
1.2修改IP
两种方式：
第一种：通过Linux图形界面进行修改（强烈推荐）
进入Linux图形界面 -> 右键点击右上方的两个小电脑 -> 点击Edit connections -> 选中当前
网络System eth0 -> 点击edit按钮 -> 选择IPv4 -> method选择为manual -> 点击add按钮 -> 添加IP：192.168.8.118 子
网掩码：255.255.255.0 网关：192.168.1.1 -> apply
第二种：修改配置文件方式（屌丝程序猿专用）
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE="eth0"
BOOTPROTO="static" ###
HWADDR="00:0C:29:3C:BF:E7"
IPV6INIT="yes"
NM_CONTROLLED="yes"
ONBOOT="yes"
TYPE="Ethernet"
UUID="ce22eeca-ecde-4536-8cc2-ef0dc36d4a8c"
IPADDR="192.168.8.118" ###
NETMASK="255.255.255.0" ###
GATEWAY="192.168.8.1" ###
1.3修改主机名和IP的映射关系
vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost
192.168.8.118 itcast01
1.4关闭防火墙
#查看防火墙状态
service iptables status
#关闭防火墙
service iptables stop
#查看防火墙开机启动状态
chkconfig iptables --list
#关闭防火墙开机启动
chkconfig iptables off
1.5重启Linux
reboot
2.安装JDK
2.1上传
2.2解压jdk
#创建文件夹
mkdir /usr/java
#解压
tar -zxvf jdk-7u55-linux-i586.tar.gz -C /usr/java/
2.3将java添加到环境变量中
vim /etc/profile
#在文件最后添加
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_55
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
#刷新配置
source /etc/profile
3.安装hadoop2.4.1
注意：hadoop2.x的配置文件$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
伪分布式需要修改5个配置文件
3.1配置hadoop
第一个：hadoop-env.sh
vim hadoop-env.sh
#第27行
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_65
第二个：core-site.xml
<!-- 制定HDFS的老大（NameNode）的地址 -->
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://itcast01:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定hadoop运行时产生文件的存储目录 -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/itcast/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp</value>
</property>
===============ok=================
<configuration>
<!-- 制定HDFS的老大（NameNode）的地址 -->
<property>
<name>fs.defaultFS</name>
<value>hdfs://itcast01:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定hadoop运行时产生文件的存储目录 -->
<property>
<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
<value>/home/tempData</value>
</property>
</configuration>
===================================
第三个：hdfs-site.xml
<!-- 指定HDFS副本的数量 -->
<property>
<name>dfs.replication</name>
<value>1</value>
</property>
第四个：mapred-site.xml (mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml)
mv mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
vim mapred-site.xml
<!-- 指定mr运行在yarn上 -->
<property>
<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
<value>yarn</value>
</property>
第五个：yarn-site.xml
<!-- 指定YARN的老大（ResourceManager）的地址 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
<value>itcast01</value>
</property>
<!-- reducer获取数据的方式 -->
<property>
<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
3.2将hadoop添加到环境变量
vim /etc/proflie
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_65
export HADOOP_HOME=/itcast/hadoop-2.4.1
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
source /etc/profile
3.3格式化namenode（是对namenode进行初始化）
hdfs namenode -format (hadoop namenode -format)
17/05/16 17:13:12 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory
/usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/tmp/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
[root@itcast01 dfs]# cd name
[root@itcast01 name]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 16 17:13 current
[root@itcast01 name]# cd current/
[root@itcast01 current]# ll
total 16
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 351 May 16 17:13 fsimage_0000000000000000000
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 62 May 16 17:13 fsimage_0000000000000000000.md5
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2 May 16 17:13 seen_txid
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 207 May 16 17:13 VERSION
3.4启动hadoop cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/sbin
先启动HDFS
sbin/start-dfs.sh
再启动YARN
sbin/start-yarn.sh
3.5验证是否启动成功
使用jps命令验证
27408 NameNode
28218 Jps
27643 SecondaryNameNode
28066 NodeManager
27803 ResourceManager
27512 DataNode
http://192.168.233.128:50070 （HDFS管理界面）
http://192.168.233.128:8088 （MR管理界面）
http://192.168.30.128:50070 （HDFS管理界面）
http://192.168.30.128:8088 （MR管理界面）
*****************************************************************************************************************************************************
从日志中可以看出hadoop库不在java.library.path所配置的目录下，应该是java.library.path配置的路径有问题。在
hadoop-env.sh中重新配置：
export HADOOP_COMMON_LIB_NATIVE_DIR=${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native
export HADOOP_OPTS="-Djava.library.path=${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native/"
执行start-dfs.sh，告警信息不再显示。经测试，其实只需export HADOOP_OPTS即可解决问题。
验证本地库是否加载成功：hadoop checknative
4.配置ssh免登陆
#生成ssh免登陆密钥
#进入到我的home目录
cd ~/.ssh
ssh-keygen -t rsa （四个回车）
执行完这个命令后，会生成两个文件id_rsa（私钥）、id_rsa.pub（公钥）
将公钥拷贝到要免登陆的机器上
ssh-copy-id localhost
login as: root
root@192.168.233.128's password:
Access denied
root@192.168.233.128's password:
Last login: Tue May 16 17:38:14 2017 from 192.168.233.7
[root@itcast01 ~]# ll
total 72
-rw-------. 1 root root 1377 Jul 17 2013 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 49350 Jul 17 2013 install.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 10033 Jul 17 2013 install.log.syslog
[root@itcast01 ~]# cd /home
[root@itcast01 home]# ll
total 8
drwx------. 29 hadoop hadoop 4096 May 16 19:01 hadoop
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 May 16 17:49 tempData
[root@itcast01 home]# cd tempData/
[root@itcast01 tempData]# ll
total 8
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 May 16 17:46 dfs
drwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 nm-local-dir
[root@itcast01 tempData]# cd dfs
[root@itcast01 dfs]# l
-bash: l: command not found
[root@itcast01 dfs]# ll
total 12
drwx------. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 data
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 name
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:21 namesecondary
[root@itcast01 dfs]# cd name
[root@itcast01 name]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 May 16 18:20 current
[root@itcast01 name]# cd current/1
-bash: cd: current/1: No such file or directory
[root@itcast01 name]# cd current/
[root@itcast01 current]# ll
total 2080
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42 May 16 17:49 edits_0000000000000000001-0000000000000000002
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1048576 May 16 17:49 edits_0000000000000000003-0000000000000000003
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 42 May 16 18:20 edits_0000000000000000004-0000000000000000005
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1048576 May 16 18:20 edits_inprogress_0000000000000000006
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 351 May 16 17:49 fsimage_0000000000000000002
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 62 May 16 17:49 fsimage_0000000000000000002.md5
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 351 May 16 18:20 fsimage_0000000000000000005
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 62 May 16 18:20 fsimage_0000000000000000005.md5
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2 May 16 18:20 seen_txid
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 207 May 16 17:46 VERSION
[root@itcast01 current]# jps
2395 Jps
[root@itcast01 current]# cd /usr
[root@itcast01 usr]# ll
total 289524
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 40960 May 15 09:57 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 games
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 138656756 Aug 14 2014 hadoop-2.4.1.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4130304 May 15 23:17 hadoop-native-64-2.4.1.tar
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 15 10:49 java
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 153512879 May 15 04:26 jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
dr-xr-xr-x. 27 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 lib
dr-xr-xr-x. 106 root root 61440 May 4 04:34 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 25 root root 12288 May 4 04:34 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 May 15 09:37 local
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 12288 May 4 04:34 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 219 root root 4096 May 15 09:58 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 src
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Jul 17 2013 tmp -> ../var/tmp
[root@itcast01 usr]# cd local/
[root@itcast01 local]# ll
total 44
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 games
drwxr-xr-x. 11 67974 users 4096 May 15 14:37 hadoop-2.4.1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 include
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Jul 17 2013 share
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Sep 23 2011 src
[root@itcast01 local]# cd hadoop-2.4.1/
[root@itcast01 hadoop-2.4.1]# ll
total 60
drwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 etc
drwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 501 games 4096 Jun 30 2014 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 libexec
-rw-r--r--. 1 67974 users 15458 Jun 21 2014 LICENSE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 May 16 18:20 logs
-rw-r--r--. 1 67974 users 101 Jun 21 2014 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 67974 users 1366 Jun 21 2014 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 4 67974 users 4096 Jun 21 2014 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 May 15 14:45 tmp
[root@itcast01 hadoop-2.4.1]# cd sbin/
[root@itcast01 sbin]# ll
total 116
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 2752 Jun 21 2014 distribute-exclude.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 5814 Jun 21 2014 hadoop-daemon.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1360 Jun 21 2014 hadoop-daemons.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1597 Jun 21 2014 hdfs-config.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1427 Jun 21 2014 hdfs-config.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 2291 Jun 21 2014 httpfs.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 4063 Jun 21 2014 mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1648 Jun 21 2014 refresh-namenodes.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 2145 Jun 21 2014 slaves.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1727 Jun 21 2014 start-all.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1471 Jun 21 2014 start-all.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1128 Jun 21 2014 start-balancer.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1360 Jun 21 2014 start-dfs.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 3705 Jun 21 2014 start-dfs.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1357 Jun 21 2014 start-secure-dns.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1524 Jun 21 2014 start-yarn.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1347 Jun 21 2014 start-yarn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1718 Jun 21 2014 stop-all.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1462 Jun 21 2014 stop-all.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1179 Jun 21 2014 stop-balancer.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1414 Jun 21 2014 stop-dfs.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 3206 Jun 21 2014 stop-dfs.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1340 Jun 21 2014 stop-secure-dns.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1595 Jun 21 2014 stop-yarn.cmd
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1340 Jun 21 2014 stop-yarn.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 4278 Jun 21 2014 yarn-daemon.sh
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 67974 users 1353 Jun 21 2014 yarn-daemons.sh
[root@itcast01 sbin]# start-dfs.sh
Starting namenodes on [itcast01]
root@itcast01's password:
root@itcast01's password: itcast01: Permission denied, please try again.
itcast01: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-itcast01.out
root@localhost's password:
root@localhost's password: localhost: Permission denied, please try again.
localhost: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-itcast01.out
Starting secondary namenodes [0.0.0.0]
root@0.0.0.0's password:
0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-itcast01.out
[root@itcast01 sbin]# jps
2636 DataNode
2514 NameNode
2790 SecondaryNameNode
2892 Jps
[root@itcast01 sbin]# start-yarn.sh
starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-itcast01.out
root@localhost's password:
localhost: starting nodemanager, logging to /usr/local/hadoop-2.4.1/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-itcast01.out
[root@itcast01 sbin]# jps
3048 NodeManager
3268 Jps
2636 DataNode
2514 NameNode
2946 ResourceManager
2790 SecondaryNameNode
[root@itcast01 sbin]#