(转)http://www.cnblogs.com/VinC/archive/2011/02/24/1964049.html
本章目的: 用Wcf建立可以上Android可以访问的数据服务, 数据传输格式采用比较适合于移动互联网传输的Json格式.
服务的开发流程我们按照 服务契约(ServiceContract), 服务实现(Service), 实体对象模型(Model) 及服务发布的流程来介绍.
由于自己对Http请求的链接认识的比较浅,对于有些问题没法做出清楚明了的解释, Android访问WCF这篇文章我会贴出来代码, 让后说明一下关注的地方, 不做深入研究.
一. 服务契约(Contract)
- [ServiceContract]
- public interface IAccountJsonService
- {
- [OperationContract(Name = "GetAccountDataJson")]
- [WebGet(RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, UriTemplate = "GetAccountData", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare)]
- List<Account> GetAccountData();
- [OperationContract(Name = "SendMessageJson")]
- [WebInvoke(Method = "GET", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, UriTemplate = "SendMessage/{Message}", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare)]
- string SendMessage(string Message);
- }
此契约定义了两个方法, GetAccountData(获取Account数据列表, 方法不带参数), SendMessage, 获取从客户端传过来的数据, 并返回;
1. 这里面注意WebInvoke(SendMessage方法)这个Attribute, Method代表了Http的访问方法, 我们这是从服务器获取数据,是请求数据, 所以用GET, 这个也可以用另外一个Attribute来替代-WebGet(GetAccountData方法);
2. 我们要给客户端返回Json数据,我们只需在WebInvoke or WebGet Attribute中指定ResponseFormat的格式即可, 这个从名字命名就可以看出来是制定返回的数据格式的.
3. 要注意UriTemplate属性, 这个是指定我们请求时的方法路径, 后面给出示例.
二. 服务实现(Service)
- public class AccountService : IAccountJsonService
- {
- public List<Account> GetAccountData()
- {
- return MockAccount.AccountList;
- }
- public string SendMessage(string Message)
- {
- return " Message:" + Message;
- }
- }
此处只是实现了IAccountJsonService接口.
三. 实体对象模型&模拟数据
实体类定义:
- [DataContract]
- public class Account
- {
- [DataMember]
- public string Name { get; set; }
- [DataMember]
- public int Age { get; set; }
- [DataMember]
- public string Address { get; set; }
- [DataMember]
- public DateTime Birthday { get; set; }
- }
模拟数据:
- public class MockAccount
- {
- public static List<Account> AccountList
- {
- get
- {
- var list = new List<Account>();
- list.Add(new Account { Name = "Bill Gates", Address = "YouYi East Road", Age = 56, Birthday = DateTime.Now });
- list.Add(new Account { Name = "Steve Paul Jobs", Address = "YouYi West Road", Age = 57, Birthday = DateTime.Now });
- list.Add(new Account { Name = "John D. Rockefeller", Address = "YouYi North Road", Age = 65, Birthday = DateTime.Now });
- return list;
- }
- }
- }
模拟数据返回一个Account的列表, 含有三条模拟数据, Birthday用DateTime.Now可是随时查看数据是不是最新生成的.
四. 服务发布
在这个例子里面, 我们的服务采用Console的发布形式, 如果采用IIS发布, 只要参考WCF的服务配置信息, 在IIS环境下配置就OK了.
WCF配置信息
- <system.serviceModel>
- <behaviors>
- <serviceBehaviors>
- <behavior name="">
- <serviceMetadata httpGetUrl="mex" httpGetEnabled="true"/>
- <serviceDebug httpHelpPageEnabled="true" includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
- </behavior>
- </serviceBehaviors>
- <endpointBehaviors>
- <behavior name="WebHttpBindingBehavior">
- <webHttp/>
- </behavior>
- </endpointBehaviors>
- </behaviors>
- <services>
- <service name="Hosting.AccountService">
- <endpoint address="xml" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="Hosting.IAccountXmlService" behaviorConfiguration="WebHttpBindingBehavior"/>
- <!--<endpoint address="json" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="Hosting.IAccountJsonService" behaviorConfiguration="WebHttpBindingBehavior"/>-->
- <host>
- <baseAddresses>
- <add baseAddress="http://127.0.0.1:82/AccountService"/>
- </baseAddresses>
- </host>
- </service>
- </services>
- </system.serviceModel>
控制台进行服务的托管发布
- class Program
- {
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(AccountService)))
- {
- host.Open();
- Console.WriteLine("AccountService Address:");
- foreach (var endpoint in host.Description.Endpoints)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(endpoint.Address.ToString());
- }
- Console.WriteLine("AccountService Started,Press any key to stop service...");
- Console.ReadKey();
- host.Close();
- }
- }
- }
下篇将介绍Android如何访问我们编写的服务.