• Json字符串转换为java对象的各种实现方法【json_lib框架、Gson、org.json】


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    JSON(JavaScript Object Notation) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。易于人阅读和编写。同时也易于机器解析和生成。它基于JavaScript Programming Language, Standard ECMA-262 3rd Edition - December 1999的一个子集。JSON采用完全独立于语言的文本格式,但是也使用了类似于C语言家族的习惯(包括C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python等)。这些特性使JSON成为理想的数据交换语言。

       欲实现JSON字符串和java对象之间的互相转换,方法有很多!本人层也因为项目上的需求,一度对这几种方法做过研究和试验!现将自己的一点小经验分享与大家,如有纰漏,请指正!

       1.通过json_lib来实现对json和java对象之间的转换,使用JSON-LIB可以极大的简化JAVA对象转换成JSON对象所需进行的操作,更可以避免人工操作生成JSON对象字符串时带来的麻烦和误操作:

       注:欲使用json_lib需要以下几个jar包的支持:

    json-lib-1.1-jdk15.jar  下载地址:http://json-lib.sourceforge.net

           commons-collections-3.2.1.jar

           commons-lang-2.4.jar

           commons-logging-1.1.1.jar

           commons-beanutils-1.8.0.jar

           以上commons系列包在tomcat/comon/lib下可以找到;

           ezmorph-1.0.6.jar    下载地址http://ezmorph.sourceforge.net

           morph-1.0.1 下载地址:http://morph.sourceforge.net

       有了这些jar包的支持,平时关于json处理的方法都可以找到对应的类;贴上一段代码示例:


    package util;

    import java.util.ArrayList;

    import java.util.HashMap;

    import java.util.List;

    import java.util.Map;

    import java.util.Set;

    import net.sf.json.JSONArray;

    import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

    public class JSONHelper {

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

         /**

          * 将JSONArray对象转换成Map-List集合

          * @param jsonArr

          * @return

          */

         public static Object JsonToList(JSONArray jsonArr){

             List<Object> jsonObjList = new ArrayList<Object> ();

             for(Object obj : jsonArr){

                 if(obj instanceof JSONArray){

                     jsonObjList.add(JsonToList((JSONArray) obj));

                 } else if(obj instanceof JSONObject){

                     jsonObjList.add(JsonToMap((JSONObject) obj));

                 }else{

                     jsonObjList.add(obj);

                 }

             }

             return jsonObjList;

         }

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

        /**

         *  将JSONObjec对象转换成Map-List集合

         * @param json

         * @return

         */

         public static Map<String, Object> JsonToMap(JSONObject json){

             Map<String,Object> columnValMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();

             Set<Object> jsonKeys = json.keySet();

             for (Object key : jsonKeys) {

                 Object JsonValObj = json.get(key);

                 if(JsonValObj instanceof JSONArray){

                    columnValMap.put((String)key,  JsonToList((JSONArray) JsonValObj));

                 }else if(key instanceof JSONObject){

                    columnValMap.put((String)key,  JsonToMap((JSONObject) JsonValObj));

                 }else{

                     columnValMap.put((String)key,JsonValObj);

                 }

            }

             return columnValMap;

         }

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    

         /**

          * 将json对象转换为map集合,通过此方法获取存放map集合键的list集合

          * @param obj

          * @return

          */

         public static List<Object> mapKeys(Object obj){

             List<Object> keysList = new ArrayList<Object>();

             Map<String,Object> columnValMap = new HashMap<String,Object>();

             String columnStr = "column";

             if(obj instanceof JSONArray){

                 List<Map<String, Object>> jsonObjList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>> ();

                 jsonObjList = (List<Map<String, Object>>) JsonToList((JSONArray) obj);

                 columnValMap =(Map<String, Object>) (jsonObjList.get(0));

                 //以上三句可优化为如下一句

                 //columnValMap =(Map<String, Object>)(((List<Object>)JsonToList((JSONArray) obj)).get(0));

             }else if(obj instanceof JSONObject){

                 columnValMap =JsonToMap((JSONObject) obj);

             }else{

                 keysList.add(obj);

             }

             for(int i=0;i<columnValMap.keySet().size();i++){

                 keysList.add(columnStr+(i+1));

             }

             System.out.println(keysList.size());

             return keysList;

         }

    }

         2.通过使用谷歌的Gson来处理json字符串,谷歌的Gson针对封装的javaBean处理起来很方便,但对于未封装的json字符串需要找到技巧处理起来也才能顺手。

          使用谷歌的Gson当然也需要jar包的支持,这需要一个jar包:Gson.jar

          下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/google-gson/downloads/detail?name=google-gson-2.2.4-release.zip

           示例:将通过js获取的json字符串转换为Map、List集合,代码如下:


    package util;

    import java.util.ArrayList;

    import java.util.HashMap;

    import java.util.List;

    import java.util.Map;

    import com.google.gson.Gson;

    public class JSONHelper {

        private Gson gson = new Gson();

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

        /**

          * 将json对象转换为map集合,通过此方法获取存放map集合键的list集合

          * @param obj

          * @return

          */

        public static List<Object> mapKeys(Map<?,?> map){

             List<Object> keysList = new ArrayList<Object>();

             String columnStr="column";

             for(int i=0;i<map.keySet().size();i++){

                 keysList.add(columnStr+(i+1));

             }

             System.out.println(keysList.size());

             return keysList;

        }

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

        /**

         * 将传入的json字符串转换为元素为map集合的List集合

         * @param jsonArrStr

         * @return

         */

        public static List<Map<String, Object>> jsonObjList(String jsonArrStr) {

            List<Map<String, Object>> jsonObjList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

            List<?> jsonList = Test.jsonToList(jsonArrStr);

            Gson gson = new Gson();

            for (Object object : jsonList) {

                String jsonStr = gson.toJson(object);

                Map<?, ?> json = Test.jsonToMap(jsonStr);

                jsonObjList.add((Map<String, Object>) json);

            }

            return jsonObjList;

        }

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

        /**

         * 将传入的json字符串解析为List集合

         * @param jsonStr

         * @return

         */

        public static List<?> jsonToList(String jsonStr) {

            List<?> ObjectList = null;

            Gson gson = new Gson();

            java.lang.reflect.Type type = new com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken<List<?>>() {}.getType();

            ObjectList = gson.fromJson(jsonStr, type);

            return ObjectList;

        }

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     

        /**

         * 将传入的json字符串解析为Map集合

         * @param jsonStr

         * @return

         */

        public static Map<?, ?> jsonToMap(String jsonStr) {

            Map<?, ?> ObjectMap = null;

            Gson gson = new Gson();

            java.lang.reflect.Type type = new com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken<Map<?,?>>() {}.getType();

            ObjectMap = gson.fromJson(jsonStr, type);

            return ObjectMap;

        }

    }

        3.使用最轻量级的org.json.jar实现json字符串和java对象之间的互转

           所需jar包:org.json.jar

           下载地址:www.json.org  或第三方:http://kiccp.sinaapp.com/store/info/111

           同样实现对json字符串转换为Map、List集合,代码如下:


    package util;

    import java.util.ArrayList;

    import java.util.HashMap;

    import java.util.Iterator;

    import java.util.List;

    import java.util.Map;

    import org.json.JSONArray;

    import org.json.JSONException;

    import org.json.JSONObject;

    /**

     * 此类是处理json字符串的工具类

     *

     * @author xiaomeng

     * @since 2013-08-27

     *

     */

    public class JSONHelper {

        /**

         * 将json字符串转换为List集合

         *

         * @param jsonArrStr

         * @return

         */

        public static List<Map<String, Object>> jsonObjList(String jsonArrStr) {

            List<Map<String, Object>> jsonList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

            JSONArray jsonArr = null;

            try {

                jsonArr = new JSONArray(jsonArrStr);

                jsonList = (List<Map<String, Object>>)JSONHelper.jsonToList(jsonArr);

            } catch (JSONException e) {

                System.out.println("Json字符串转换异常!");

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

            return jsonList;

        }

        /**

         * 将json对象的键值存放在集合,映射table的column

         *

         * @param map

         * @return

         */

        public static List<String> jsonMapKeysList(Map<?, ?> map) {

            List<String> jsonjsonList = new ArrayList<String>();

            String columnStr = "column";

            for (int i = 0; i < map.keySet().size(); i++) {

                jsonjsonList.add(columnStr + (i + 1));

            }

            System.out.println(jsonjsonList.size());

            return jsonjsonList;

        }

        /**

         * 将传递近来的json数组转换为List集合

         *

         * @param jsonArr

         * @return

         * @throws JSONException

         */

        private static List<?> jsonToList(JSONArray jsonArr)

                throws JSONException {

            List<Object> jsonToMapList = new ArrayList<Object>();

            for (int i = 0; i < jsonArr.length(); i++) {

                Object object = jsonArr.get(i);

                if (object instanceof JSONArray) {

                    jsonToMapList.add(JSONHelper.jsonToList((JSONArray) object));

                } else if (object instanceof JSONObject) {

                    jsonToMapList.add(JSONHelper.jsonToMap((JSONObject) object));

                } else {

                    jsonToMapList.add(object);

                }

            }

            return jsonToMapList;

        }

        /**

         * 将传递近来的json对象转换为Map集合

         *

         * @param jsonObj

         * @return

         * @throws JSONException

         */

        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

        private static Map<String, Object> jsonToMap(JSONObject jsonObj)

                throws JSONException {

            Map<String, Object> jsonMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();

            Iterator<String> jsonKeys = jsonObj.keys();

            while (jsonKeys.hasNext()) {

                String jsonKey = jsonKeys.next();

                Object jsonValObj = jsonObj.get(jsonKey);

                if (jsonValObj instanceof JSONArray) {

                    jsonMap.put(jsonKey, JSONHelper.jsonToList((JSONArray) jsonValObj));

                } else if (jsonValObj instanceof JSONObject) {

                    jsonMap.put(jsonKey, JSONHelper.jsonToMap((JSONObject) jsonValObj));

                } else {

                    jsonMap.put(jsonKey, jsonValObj);

                }

            }

            return jsonMap;

        }

    }

    以上三种常用的json和java对象之间的互相转换方法各有其特点,根据我的小经验,现将其优缺点总如下,供参考!

        1.json_lib json解析框架

           优点:各种复杂json格式和对json处理的一般需求都可以做到

           缺点:所需支持的jar文件较多,并且关于jar包版本或许会出现一些杂七杂八的问题

        2.谷歌Gson对json的解析:

           优点:(1)。可以谷歌的Gson就是为处理java对象和json之间转换开发的框架,其可以很简单、方便的对封装的java对象和json格式文本之间的转换,包括java工具类集合之间的转换也很方便;(2)。相对json_lib框架来说,只需要一个Gson.jar就可以,需要jar文件数量少;

           缺点:由于其相对来说偏向于处理java对象和json之间的转换,所以其只简单的处理json字符串和集合类之间的转换稍微需要一个过渡,就是使用反射确定转换的java对象类型。

         3.org.json框架

           优点:在这三者之中,其实最轻量级、同谷歌Gson一样所需jar文件也是最少的一种方法,并且其在处理json字符串到java集合的转黄相对简便

    缺点:相对Gson处理java对象和json之间的转换比较费事

    综述:这三种解析json的方法各有优缺点,具体可根据自己需求选择使用。

    本文出自 “有梦就有希望” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://mengzhengbin520.blog.51cto.com/7590564/1283361

    附件下载:
      json-lib-2.4-jdk15框架jar包及其附属jar包
      google-gson最新版本jar包
      org.json.jar包

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/ae6623/p/4416375.html
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