一、变量-自定义变量及内置变量
1.自定义变量
<properties> <project.build.name>tools</project.build.name> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties>
2.内置变量
${basedir} 项目根目录
${project.build.directory} 构建目录,缺省为target
${project.build.outputDirectory} 构建过程输出目录,缺省为target/classes
${project.build.finalName} 产出物名称,缺省为${project.artifactId}-${project.version}
${project.packaging} 打包类型,缺省为jar
${project.xxx} 当前pom文件的任意节点的内容
二、常见插件配置
1.编译插件
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding> </configuration> </plugin>
source: 源代码编译版本;
target: 目标平台编译版本;
encoding: 字符集编码
2.设置资源文件的编码方式
<plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4.3</version> <executions> <execution> <phase>compile</phase> </execution> </executions> <configuration> <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding> </configuration> </plugin>
xml、properties文件都是资源文件,编码的时候遇到中文总要进行转码!用什么编码?UTF-8,那就记得强制 <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding>
3.自动拷贝jar包到target目录
1 <plugin> 2 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 3 <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId> 4 <version>2.6</version> 5 <executions> 6 <execution> 7 <id>copy-dependencies</id> 8 <phase>compile</phase> 9 <goals> 10 <goal>copy-dependencies</goal> 11 </goals> 12 <configuration> 13 <!-- ${project.build.directory}为Maven内置变量,缺省为target --> 14 <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory> 15 <!-- 表示是否不包含间接依赖的包 --> 16 <excludeTransitive>false</excludeTransitive> 17 <!-- 表示复制的jar文件去掉版本信息 --> 18 <stripVersion>true</stripVersion> 19 </configuration> 20 </execution> 21 </executions> 22 </plugin>
关于maven-dependency-plugin:用得最多的几个操作:copy, copy-dependencies和它们对应的unpack, unpack-dependencies
描述:copy 和 unpack操作是由要拷某个包,这个包需要具体指定要拷哪个包,与当前工程的依赖没有关系。这两者区别-是否解压
copy-dependencies和unpack-dependencies,但是它是用来拷当前工程的依赖包的。这两者区别-是否解压
参考链接:http://liugang594.iteye.com/blog/2093082
4.生成源代码jar包
<plugin> <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> <configuration> <!-- <finalName>${project.build.name}</finalName> --> <attach>true</attach> <encoding>${project.build.sourceEncoding}</encoding> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <phase>compile</phase> <goals> <goal>jar</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
5.将项目打成jar包
1 <plugin> 2 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 3 <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> 4 <version>2.4</version> 5 <configuration> 6 <archive> 7 <manifest> 8 <!-- 告知 maven-jar-plugin添加一个 Class-Path元素到 MANIFEST.MF文件,以及在Class-Path元素中包括所有依赖项 --> 9 <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> 10 <!-- 所有的依赖项应该位于 lib文件夹 --> 11 <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix> 12 <!-- 当用户使用 lib命令执行JAR文件时,使用该元素定义将要执行的类名 --> 13 <mainClass>com.zhengtian.tools.service.phone.MobilePhoneTool</mainClass> 14 </manifest> 15 </archive> 16 </configuration> 17 </plugin>
在将项目打成jar包时,有时会需要将项目打成可以直接运行的jar包,因此就需要将项目依赖的jar包也打入jar包中,此时需要在Eclipse上安装例外一个插件,用来打可执行jar包
更多maven配置详见:https://my.oschina.net/zh119893/blog/276090
6.关于maven-assembly-plugin的使用
“assembly”是把一组文件、目录、依赖元素组装成一个归档文件
参考链接:http://blog.csdn.net/WANGYAN9110/article/details/38646677
pom中配置
<plugin> <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4.1</version> <executions> <execution> <id>make-zip</id> <!-- 绑定到package生命周期阶段上 --> <phase>package</phase> <goals> <!-- 绑定到package生命周期阶段上 --> <goal>single</goal> </goals> <configuration> <descriptors> <!--描述文件路径--> <descriptor>src/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor> </descriptors> </configuration> </execution> </executions> </plugin>
assembly.xml配置
<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/assembly/1.1.2 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-1.1.2.xsd"> <id>distribution</id> <formats> <format>zip</format> </formats> <fileSets> <fileSet> <directory>${project.basedir}srcmain esources</directory> <outputDirectory></outputDirectory> </fileSet> <fileSet> <directory>${project.basedir}srcin</directory> <outputDirectory>in</outputDirectory> </fileSet> </fileSets> <dependencySets> <dependencySet> <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact> <outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory> <!-- 将scope为runtime的依赖包打包到lib目录下。 --> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependencySet> </dependencySets> </assembly>
转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/amorym/article/details/52619402