RMAN Recovery Catalog

RMAN用来存放数据库元数据的schema。

the catalog includes the following types of metadata:
-Data file and archived redo log backup sets and backup pieces
-Data file copies
-Archived redo logs and their copies
-Database structure (tablespaces and datafiles)
-Stored scripts, which are named user-created sequences of RMAN commands
-Persistent RMAN configuration settings

创建Recovery Catalog

1.配置Recovery Catalog数据库

2.创建Recovery Catalog的属主

不可以让sys用户成为Recovery Catalog的属主。

SQL> create user rman identified by password
  temporary tablespace temp
  default tablespace tools
  quota unlimited on tools;
SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

3.执行create catalog命令

从rman客户端登陆到catalog所在的数据库

RMAN> connect catalog rman/oracle@catdb
RMAN> create catalog tablespace cat_tbs;

验证一下：

SQL> select table_name from user_tables;

注册数据库到Recovery Catalog

$ rman target / catalog rman/oracle@catdb

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Sep 21 09:10:48 2015

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: DB11 (DBID=1422808181)
connected to recovery catalog database

RMAN> register database;

database registered in recovery catalog
starting full resync of recovery catalog
full resync complete

RMAN> report schema;

Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name DB11

List of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1    750      SYSTEM               YES     /u11/app/oracle/oradata/db11/system01.dbf
2    520      SYSAUX               NO      /u11/app/oracle/oradata/db11/sysaux01.dbf
3    110      UNDOTBS1             YES     /u11/app/oracle/oradata/db11/undotbs01.dbf
4    5        USERS                NO      /u11/app/oracle/oradata/db11/users01.dbf
5    313      EXAMPLE              NO      /u11/app/oracle/oradata/db11/example01.dbf

List of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1    29       TEMP                 32767       /u11/app/oracle/oradata/db11/temp01.dbf

向Recovery Catalog中注册备份集

RMAN> catalog datafilecopy '/disk1/old_datafiles/01_01_2003/users01.dbf';
RMAN> catalog archivelog '/disk1/arch_logs/archive1_731.dbf', '/disk1/arch_logs/archive1_732.dbf';
RMAN> catalog backuppiece '/disk1/backups/backup_820.bkp';

也可以将备份文件放到一个目录下，将整个目录注册进去:

RMAN> catalog start with '/disk1/backups/';

下面两个语法是不同的：

RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/disk1/backups';           #任何以backups开头的目录都被注册进去
RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/disk1/backups/';         #只是注册backups目录

创建和管理Virtual Private Catalogs

recovery catalog的拥有者是catowner
注册的数据库有：prod1、prod2、prod3
创建数据库用户vpc1，并被授予访问prod1、prod2

1.创建数据库用户(VPC的拥有者)并授权

    登陆到recovery catalog所在的数据库
    SQL> create user vpc1 identified by vpc1 default tablespace vpcusers quota unlimited on vpcusers;
    SQL> grant recovery_catalog_owner to vpc1;
    SQL> exit;
    
    以base recovery catalog用户身份rman登陆到recovery catalog所在的数据库
    $ rman 
    RMAN> connect catalog catowner@catdb;
    RMAN> grant catalog for database prod1 to vpc1;
    RMAN> grant catalog for database prod2 to vpc1;
    RMAN> grant register database to vpc1;

2.创建VPC

    $ rman
    RMAN> connect catalog vpc1@catdb;
    RMAN> create virtual catalog;

3.收回Virtual Private Catalog Owner的权限

    以base recovery catalog用户身份rman登陆到recovery catalog所在的数据库
    $ rman
    RMAN> connect catalog catowner@catdb;
    RMAN> revoke catalog for database prod1 from vpc1;
    RMAN> revoke register database from vpc1;

4.删除Virtual Private Catalog

    $ rman
    RMAN> connect catalog vpc1@catdb;
    RMAN> drop catalog;

Stored Scripts
Stored Scripts有两种：本地的、全局的

创建Stored Scripts
本地stored scripts：

RMAN> create script full_backup{
        backup database plus archivelog;
        delete obsolete;
    }

全局stored scripts：

RMAN> create global script global_full_backup
    comment 'use only with archivelog mode databases'
    {
        backup database plus archivelog;
        delete obsolete;
    }

从其他文件读取创建stored scripts：

RMAN> create script full_backup 
    from file '/tmp/my_script_file.txt';

更新stored scripts

使用关键字replace：

RMAN> replace script full_backup {
        backup database plus archivelog;
    }

运行stored scripts

RMAN> run {
        execute global script global_full_backup;
    }
    
RMAN> run { 
        execute script full_backup; 
    }

打印stored scripts
使用关键字print scripts

RMAN> print script full_backup;