ORA01580: error creating control backup file

帮同学处理一个物化视图问题，顺便发现alert日志中有以下报错：

Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/abce/abce/trace/abce_ora_381201.trc:
ORA-01580: error creating control backup file /dbbak/abce/crtl_bak/snapcf_abce.f
ORA-27040: file create error, unable to create file
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory

控制文件备份失败，提示文件或者目录不存在。

首先查看rman的默认配置。

RMAN> show all;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name abce are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/dbbak/abce/crtl_bak/snapcf_abce.f';

RMAN> 

　

重点看这一行：

CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/dbbak/abce/crtl_bak/snapcf_abce.f';

一般snapshot的format应该是快照控制文件的绝对路径，这里的配置格式是对的。

然后检查一下目录是否存在，通过检查发现，目录crtl_bak压根不存在。

顺便看了一下这个机器的备份日志，发现备份早就出问题了。