Springmvc入门案例（1）

据说，现在springmvc火了，好多企业都在使用，既然这样，咱们也得会点，于是乎就开始自学了，通过找资料，终于做出来了一个简单案例，这里分享供大家浏览，主要分为以下几个步骤：

一、springmvc是一个mvc框架,通过mvc很好的将数据、业务、表现进行分离
二、springmvc是围绕DispatcherServlet展开的，由DispatcherServlet负责将请求派发到特定的handler
springmvc框架搭建步骤：
    1.创建项目，拷贝springmvc相关的jar包。
    2.配置web.xml主要配置前端控制器DispatcherServlet
      

 <servlet>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        </servlet>
        <servlet-mapping>
            <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
            <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
        </servlet-mapping>

    3.在web-inf下创建springmvc配置文件，[servletname]-servlet.xml,文件名必须是springmvc-servlet.xml
    4.配置HandlerMapping映射，根据beanname找到对应的Controller（可以省略）
      

 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping">

    5.创建jsp页面，需要请求发出请求的页面
    6.创建Controller,继承AbstractController，重写handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response)
      

 //返回数据和页面
        @Override
        protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            String hello = request.getParameter("file");
            System.out.println(hello);
            ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("welcome");    //返回到的页面
            modelAndView.addObject("helloword",hello);                    //返回值
            return modelAndView;
        }    

    7.配置视图解析器
  

 <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 配置前缀和后缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

下面我把源码放上来吧；

    web.xml里面的配置：
        

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>	
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  	<init-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>/WEB-INF/pringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
  </init-param>
  	<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Springmvc里面的配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">
	<!-- 配置HandlerMapping映射，根据beanname找到对应的Controller -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMapping"></bean>
	<!-- 配置Controller -->
	<bean id="hello.do" class="org.controller.HelloController"></bean>
	<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
	<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 配置前缀和后缀 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
		<!-- 后缀 -->
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

    HelloController控制器里面的代码：

	 /**  
	* @Title: HelloController.java
	* @Package org.controller
	* @Description: TODO该方法的主要作用：
	* @author A18ccms A18ccms_gmail_com  
	* @date 2017-8-30 下午8:38:53
	* @version V1.0  
	*/
	package org.controller;
	
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
	import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
	
	import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
	import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.AbstractController;
	
	
	 /**   
	 *    
	 * 项目名称：springmvc_day1   
	 * 类名称：HelloController   
	 * 类描述：   控制器
	 * 创建人：Mu Xiongxiong  
	 * 创建时间：2017-8-30 下午8:38:54   
	 * 修改人：Mu Xiongxiong   
	 * 修改时间：2017-8-30 下午8:38:54   
	 * 修改备注：   
	 * @version    
	 *    
	 */
	public class HelloController extends AbstractController {
	
		@Override
		protected ModelAndView handleRequestInternal(HttpServletRequest request,
				HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
			String hello = request.getParameter("file");
			System.out.println(hello);
			ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("/welcome");	//返回到的页面
			modelAndView.addObject("helloword",hello);					//返回值
			return modelAndView;
		}
		
		
	
	}

index.jsp里面的代码：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    <form action="hello.do" method="post">
    	hello:<input type="text" name="file"/><br/>
    	<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
    </form>
  </body>
</html>

welcome.jsp的代码：

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
	<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
	<meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
	<meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
	<meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
	<!--
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
	-->
  </head>
  
  <body>
    hello:${helloword }
  </body>
</html>

最后看一下目录对应关系：

运行看welcome.jsp页面：

运行完毕，遇到的问题：

Springmvc中提交from之后不跳转不进控制器
 Could not open ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml]【解决方案】