设计模式-1.8组合模式

组合模式：将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构。组合使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具有一致性。

class Company  
{
public:
    Company(string name) { m_name = name; }
    virtual ~Company(){}
    virtual void Add(Company *pCom){}
    virtual void Show(int depth) {}
protected:
    string m_name;
};
//具体公司
class ConcreteCompany : public Company  
{
public:
    ConcreteCompany(string name): Company(name) {}
    virtual ~ConcreteCompany() {}
    void Add(Company *pCom) { m_listCompany.push_back(pCom); } //位于树的中间，可以增加子树
    void Show(int depth)
    {
        for(int i = 0;i < depth; i++)
            cout<<"-";
        cout<<m_name<<endl;
        list<Company *>::iterator iter=m_listCompany.begin();
        for(; iter != m_listCompany.end(); iter++) //显示下层结点
            (*iter)->Show(depth + 2);
    }
private:
    list<Company *> m_listCompany;
};
//具体的部门，财务部
class FinanceDepartment : public Company 
{
public:
    FinanceDepartment(string name):Company(name){}
    virtual ~FinanceDepartment() {}
    virtual void Show(int depth) //只需显示，无限添加函数，因为已是叶结点
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < depth; i++)
            cout<<"-";
        cout<<m_name<<endl;
    }
};
//具体的部门，人力资源部
class HRDepartment :public Company  
{
public:
    HRDepartment(string name):Company(name){}
    virtual ~HRDepartment() {}
    virtual void Show(int depth) //只需显示，无限添加函数，因为已是叶结点
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < depth; i++)
            cout<<"-";
        cout<<m_name<<endl;
    }
};

int main()
{
    Company *root = new ConcreteCompany("总公司");
    Company *leaf1=new FinanceDepartment("财务部");
    Company *leaf2=new HRDepartment("人力资源部");
    root->Add(leaf1);
    root->Add(leaf2);

    //分公司A
    Company *mid1 = new ConcreteCompany("分公司A");
    Company *leaf3=new FinanceDepartment("财务部");
    Company *leaf4=new HRDepartment("人力资源部");
    mid1->Add(leaf3);
    mid1->Add(leaf4);
    root->Add(mid1);
    //分公司B
    Company *mid2=new ConcreteCompany("分公司B");
    FinanceDepartment *leaf5=new FinanceDepartment("财务部");
    HRDepartment *leaf6=new HRDepartment("人力资源部");
    mid2->Add(leaf5);
    mid2->Add(leaf6);
    root->Add(mid2);
    root->Show(0);

    delete leaf1; delete leaf2;
    delete leaf3; delete leaf4;
    delete leaf5; delete leaf6;    
    delete mid1; delete mid2;
    delete root;
    return 0;
}

　　上面的实现方式有缺点，就是内存的释放不好，需要客户自己动手，非常不方便。有待改进，比较好的做法是让ConcreteCompany类来释放。因为所有的指针都是存在ConcreteCompany类的链表中。C++的麻烦，没有垃圾回收机制。