JDBC 插入信息

获取来自前端的数据：

(1) 获取参数：request.getParameter("")

// 获得来自前端的参数
            String sequence = request.getParameter("sequence");
            String name = request.getParameter("name");
            String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
            String birthday = request.getParameter("birthday");
            out.print("<br>"+name+sex+birthday);

数据库访问：

(1) 程序中要将变量作为 SQL 语句的查询条件时，使用 PreparedStatement 接口

(2) 对应的 SQL 语句中，使用占位符 ? 来代替其参数

// 数据库访问
            String sql = "insert into student(sequence,name,sex)values(?,?,?)";
            PreparedStatement prep = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            prep.setString(1, sequence);
            prep.setString(2, name);
            prep.setString(3, sex);
//            prep.setString(4, birthday);
            prep.executeUpdate();

 java代码:

package case01;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


@WebServlet("/InsertStu")
public class InsertStu extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       

    public InsertStu() {
        super();
        
    }


    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset = utf-8");
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        
        Connection conn = null;
        Statement state = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        
        // mysql 数据库驱动程序的加载
        try {
            // 固定的语句
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            out.print("数据库驱动程序加载成功！");
            
            //数据库连接
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test";
            String user = "root";
            String password = "zzgzzg";
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
            out.print("<br>"+"数据库连接成功！");
            
            
            // 获得来自前端的参数
            String sequence = request.getParameter("sequence");
            String name = request.getParameter("name");
            String sex = request.getParameter("sex");
            String birthday = request.getParameter("birthday");
            out.print("<br>"+name+sex+birthday);
            
            // 数据库访问
            String sql = "insert into student(sequence,name,sex)values(?,?,?)";
            PreparedStatement prep = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            prep.setString(1, sequence);
            prep.setString(2, name);
            prep.setString(3, sex);
//            prep.setString(4, birthday);
            prep.executeUpdate();
            out.print("<br>"+"学生信息添加成功！");
        }catch(Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            out.print("<br>"+"数据库访问失败！");
        }finally {
            // 回收资源
            // 回收 conn
            if(conn!=null) {
                try {
                    conn.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                conn = null;
            }
            // 回收state
            if(state!=null) {
                try {
                    state.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                state = null;
            }
            // 回收 rs
            if(rs!=null) {
                try {
                    rs.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                rs = null;
            }
            
        }
    }


    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

html代码:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  <title>学生信息管理界面</title>
  <script src="../jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/css/bootstrap.min.css">
  <script src="../bootstrap-3.3.7-dist/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/admin.css">
  <script src="../js/admin.js"></script>
</head>

<body class="lead">
  <!-- 布局容器 -->
  <div class="container">
    <!-- 首部导航条 -->
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top navbar-inverse">
      <div class="container-fluid">
        <!-- Brand and toggle get grouped for better mobile display -->
        <div class="navbar-header">
          <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse"
            data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false">
            <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            <span class="icon-bar"></span>
          </button>
          <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">学生信息管理系统</a>
        </div>  
        
        <!-- Collect the nav links, forms, and other content for toggling -->        
          <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">                      
            <li><a href="#"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></span></a></li>
            <li><a href="#" id="time"></a></li>
            <li class="dropdown">
              <a href="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true"
                aria-expanded="false"><img src="../images/登录.jpg" alt=""> <span class="caret"></span></a>
              <ul class="dropdown-menu">
                <li><a href="#">登录</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">注销</a></li>
                <li><a href="#">切换用户</a></li>
                <li role="separator" class="divider"></li>
                <li><a href="#">退出</a></li>
              </ul>
            </li>
          </ul>       
      </div><!-- /.container-fluid -->
    </nav>
    <!-- 栅格系统 -->
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-md-4">
       <!-- 按钮组 -->
      <div class="btn-group-vertical" role="group" aria-label="..." >
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">系统设置</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">基础信息设置</button>
        <div class="btn-group" role="group">
          <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
            学生信息管理
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#stuModal">增加学生信息</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">修改学生信息</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        <div class="btn-group" role="group">
          <button type="button" class="btn btn-default dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">
            课程信息管理
            <span class="caret"></span>
          </button>
          <ul class="dropdown-menu">
            <li><a href="#">增加课程信息</a></li>
            <li><a href="#">修改课程信息</a></li>
          </ul>
        </div>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">成绩管理</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-default">通知信息</button>
      </div>
      </div>
      <div class="col-md-8">
        <!-- 搜索 -->
        <div id="search">
         <select name="" id="">
          <option value="0">学号</option>
          <option value="0">姓名</option>
          <option value="0">性别</option>
         </select>
         <input type="text">
         <button>查询</button>
      </div>
        <!-- 表格 -->
        <table class="table table-bordered table-striped table-hover table-condensed">
          <thead>
            <th>序号</th>
            <th>学号</th>
            <th>姓名</th>
            <th>性别</th>
            <th>成绩</th>
            <th>操作</th>
          </thead>
          <tr>
            <td>1</td>
            <td>201801</td>
            <td>张三</td>
            <td>男</td>
            <td>98</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
            <td>2</td>
            <td>201802</td>
            <td>李四</td>
            <td>男</td>
            <td>98</td>
            <td></td>
          </tr>
        </table>
        
      </div>
    </div>
    
    <!-- 尾部导航条 -->
    <nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-bottom navbar-inverse" id="bottom">
      <div class="container ">
        <div>九江学院信息科学与技术学院</div>
      </div>
    </nav>
  </div>
  
  <!--增加学生信息模态框  -->
<div class="modal fade" id="stuModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog">
        <div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
            <div class="modal-content">
                <div class="modal-header">
                    <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"
                        aria-label="Close">
                        <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
                    </button>
                    <h4 class="modal-title">登录</h4>
                </div>
                <div class="modal-body">
                    <!-- 提交表单 -->
                    <form class="form-horizontal" action="/JDBC01/InsertStu" method = "post">
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="inputName" class="col-sm-2 control-label">sequence</label>
                            <div class="col-sm-10">
                                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputName"
                                    placeholder="请输入sequence"  name="sequence">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="inputName" class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label>
                            <div class="col-sm-10">
                                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputName"
                                    placeholder="请输入姓名"  name="name">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="inputName" class="col-sm-2 control-label">性别</label>
                            <div class="col-sm-10">
                                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputCount"
                                    placeholder="请输入性别"  name="sex">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">日期</label>
                            <div class="col-sm-10">
                                <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3"
                                    placeholder="请输入出生日期" name="birthday" >
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group">
                            <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                                <div class="checkbox">
                                    <label> <input type="checkbox"> Remember me
                                    </label>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="modal-footer">
                            <button type="button" class="btn btn-default"
                                data-dismiss="modal">退出</button>
                            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">提交</button>
                        </div>

                    </form>
                </div>

            </div>
            <!-- /.modal-content -->
        </div>
        <!-- /.modal-dialog -->
    </div>
    <!-- /.modal -->
</body>

</html>

运行结果：

运行第一个JDBC程序结果：