读写SD卡上的文件
通过Context的openFileInput、openFileOutput来打开文件输入流、输出流时,程序打开的都是应用程序的数据文件夹里的文件,其存储的文件大小可能都比较有限——手机内存所限。
SD卡可以更好的存、取应用程序的大小文件数据。SD卡可以大大扩充手机的存储能力。
读、写SD卡上的文件的操作步骤如下:
1.调用Environment的getExternalStorageState()方法判断手机上是否插入了SD卡, 并且应用程序具有读写SD卡的权限。例如使用如下代码:
Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
2.调用Environment的getExternalStorageDirectory()方法来获取外部存储器,也就是SD卡的目录;
3.使用FileInputStream、FileOutputStream、FileReader/FileWriter读、写SD卡里面的文件。
注意:
应用程序读、写SD卡的文件有如下两个注意点:
1.手机上应该已插入SD卡。对于模拟器来说,可通过mksdcard命令来创建虚拟存储卡。
2.为了读、写SD卡上的数据,必须在应用程序的清单文件(AndroidMainfest.xml)中添加读写SD卡的权限.
Eg:
实例如下:
布局文件==》 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" tools:context=".MainActivity" > <EditText android:id="@+id/edit1" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnWrite" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="write" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/edit2" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" /> <Button android:id="@+id/btnRead" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="read" /> </LinearLayout> 代码实现==》
package com.example.mysdcard; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.app.Activity; import android.util.Log; import android.view.Menu; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; public class MainActivity extends Activity { final String FILE_NAME = "/crazyit"; EditText Edit1; EditText Edit2; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); Button btnWrite = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnWrite); Button btnRead = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnRead); Edit1 = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.edit1); Edit2 = (EditText) this.findViewById(R.id.edit2); btnWrite.setOnClickListener(new MyButtonClick()); btnRead.setOnClickListener(new MyButtonClick()); } private class MyButtonClick implements OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { switch (v.getId()) { case R.id.btnWrite: Log.i("swg", "write==" + Edit1.getText()); write(Edit1.getText().toString()); Edit1.setText(""); break; case R.id.btnRead: Log.i("swg", "read==" + read()); Edit2.setText(read()); break; } } private String read() { try { File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), FILE_NAME); BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(file)); String readline = ""; StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(); while ((readline = br.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println("readline:" + readline); sb.append(readline); } br.close(); System.out.println("读取成功:" + sb.toString()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } private void write(String context) { try { Log.i("swg", "write"); // 如果手机插入SD卡,且应用程序具有访问权限 boolean value =Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED); Log.i("swg", "value==" + value); if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) { Log.i("swg", "sd exist ok"); // 获取SD卡对应的存储目录 File sdcardDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); String filePath = sdcardDir.getCanonicalPath() + FILE_NAME; Log.i("swg", filePath); File targerFile = new File(filePath); // 以拟定文件创建RandomAccessFile对象 RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(targerFile, "rw"); raf.seek(targerFile.length()); raf.write(context.getBytes()); raf.close(); } else Log.i("swg", "sd is not op"); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) { // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present. getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu); return true; } }