初次认识 C# win32 api

第一次接触win32api，刚开始的时候有点迷迷糊糊的。

Windows API 就是windows应用程序接口。 win api向上就是windows应用程序，向下就是windows操作系统核心。

刚开始的时候都是自己一步一步摸索，但是网上的东西都是一些

[DllImport("user32.dll")]

public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);

诸如此类的，不知道怎么调用，这对于一个新手来说还是比较郁闷的。

今天花了2个小时总结了一些常用的操作窗口的win32 api的知识，当然不仅是只有函数的标明，包括怎么调用他，希望新手有帮助，我也是新手。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace WinformHandle
{
    public partial class 句柄的获取 : Form
    {
        public 句柄的获取()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            string str = string.Empty;
            IntPtr i = FindWindow("MozillaWindowClass", null);
            IntPtr i3 = FindWindow(null, "Teamviewer");
            textBox1.AppendText("根据Teamviewer的title获取句柄：" + i3.ToString("x2") + "
");
            IntPtr i1 = FindWindow(null, "TeamViewer");
            textBox1.AppendText("火狐浏览器的句柄:" + i.ToString("x2") + "
");
            textBox1.AppendText("Teamviewer的句柄:" + i1.ToString("x2") + "
");
            IntPtr i2 = FindWindowEx(i1, IntPtr.Zero, "Button", "远程控制");
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            GetWindowText(i1, sb, sb.Capacity);
            textBox1.AppendText("TeamViewer的文本：" + sb.ToString() + "
");
            textBox1.AppendText("Teamviewer下的子窗体的句柄:" + i2.ToString("x2") + "
");
            List<WindowInfo> listInfo = GetAllDesktopWindows("MozillaWindowClass");
            for (int s = 0; s < listInfo.Count; s++)
            {
                textBox1.AppendText("List<WindowInfo>[" + s + "]" + "句柄：" + listInfo[s].hWnd.ToString("x2") + "类名：" + listInfo[s].szClassName + "文本：" + listInfo[s].szWindowName + "
");
            }
            WindowInfo vsInfo = GetIntPtrByWindowClName("HwndWrapper[DefaultDomain;;ec23c78e-745d-424c-a8d8-d108ad24c70f]");
            textBox1.AppendText("根据vs2013的类名获取qq窗体的信息：" + "句柄:" + vsInfo.hWnd.ToString("x2") + "文本:" + vsInfo.szWindowName + "类名:" + vsInfo.szClassName + "
");
            WindowInfo mailInfo=   GetIntPtrByWindowTitle("Foxmail");
            textBox1.AppendText("根据Foxmail的标题获取句柄信息："+"句柄："+mailInfo.hWnd.ToString("x2")+"文本："+mailInfo.szWindowName+"类名:"+mailInfo.szClassName+"
");
            //这一步将会打开i1的窗口
            SetForegroundWindow(i1);
            ShowWindow(i1, 1);
        }

        public struct WindowInfo
        {
            public IntPtr hWnd;
            public string szWindowName;
            public string szClassName;

        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 根据类名获取窗口信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="className"></param>
        /// <param name="windowText"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static List<WindowInfo> GetAllDesktopWindows(string className = "", string windowText = "")
        {
            List<WindowInfo> wndList = new List<WindowInfo>();
            EnumWindows(delegate(IntPtr hWnd, int lParam)
            {
                WindowInfo wnd = new WindowInfo();
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(256);

                wnd.hWnd = hWnd;

                GetWindowText(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.szWindowName = sb.ToString();

                GetClassName(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.szClassName = sb.ToString();

                if ((className == "" || wnd.szClassName == className)
                    && (windowText == "" || wnd.szWindowName == windowText))
                {
                    wndList.Add(wnd);
                }
                return true;
            }, 0);

            return wndList;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 显示窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">窗体句柄</param>
        /// <param name="nCmdShow">指定的命令 0:关闭窗口 1:正常大小显示窗口 2:最小化窗口3:最大化窗口</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool ShowWindow(IntPtr hWnd, int nCmdShow);
        public enum WindowShowStatus
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// 隐藏窗口
            /// </summary>
            SW_HIDE = 0,
            /// <summary>
            /// 最大化窗口
            /// </summary>
            SW_MAXIMIZE = 3,
            /// <summary>
            /// 最小化窗口
            /// </summary>
            SW_MINIMIZE = 6,
            /// <summary>
            /// 用原来的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时令其进入活动状态
            /// </summary>
            SW_RESTORE = 9,
            /// <summary>
            /// 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时令其进入活动状态
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOW = 5,
            /// <summary>
            /// 最大化窗口，并将其激活
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED = 3,
            /// <summary>
            /// 最小化窗口，并将其激活
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOWMINIMIZED = 2,
            /// <summary>
            /// 最小化一个窗口，同时不改变活动窗口
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOWMINNOACTIVE = 7,
            /// <summary>
            /// 用当前的大小和位置显示一个窗口，不改变活动窗口
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOWNA = 8,
            /// <summary>
            /// 用最近的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时不改变活动窗口
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE = 4,
            /// <summary>
            /// 用原来的大小和位置显示一个窗口，同时令其进入活动状态，与SW_RESTORE 相同
            /// </summary>
            SW_SHOWNORMAL = 1,
            /// <summary>
            /// 关闭窗体
            /// </summary>
            WM_CLOSE = 0x10
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 设置系统的前台窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">窗体句柄</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern bool SetForegroundWindow(IntPtr hWnd);
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int GetWindowText(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpWindowText, int nMaxCount);
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern void GetClassName(IntPtr hWnd, StringBuilder lpClassName, int nMaxCount);

        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindow(string lpClassName, string lpWindowName);
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取子窗口句柄
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hwndParent">主窗体句柄</param>
        /// <param name="hwndChildAfter">子窗体句柄</param>
        /// <param name="lpszClass">搜索的类名</param>
        /// <param name="lpszWindow"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]//,EntryPoint="FindWindowEx"
        public static extern IntPtr FindWindowEx(IntPtr hwndParent, IntPtr hwndChildAfter, String lpszClass, String lpszWindow);
        public delegate bool CallBack(IntPtr hwnd, int lParam);
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int EnumWindows(CallBack x, int y);
        /// <summary>
        /// 功能：更具窗体类名获取窗体的信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strWinClassName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WindowInfo GetIntPtrByWindowClName(string strWinClassName)
        {
            WindowInfo windowInfo = new WindowInfo();

            EnumWindows(delegate(IntPtr hWnd, int lParam)
            {
                WindowInfo wnd = new WindowInfo();
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(256);

                wnd.hWnd = hWnd;

                GetWindowText(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.szWindowName = sb.ToString();

                GetClassName(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.szClassName = sb.ToString();

                if (wnd.szClassName == strWinClassName)
                {
                    windowInfo = wnd;
                }
                return true;
            }, 0);

            return windowInfo;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 功能：更具窗体标题获取窗体的信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="strWinClassName"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static WindowInfo GetIntPtrByWindowTitle(string strWinHeadName)
        {
            WindowInfo windowInfo = new WindowInfo();

            EnumWindows(delegate(IntPtr hWnd, int lParam)
            {
                WindowInfo wnd = new WindowInfo();
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(256);

                wnd.hWnd = hWnd;

                GetWindowText(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.szWindowName = sb.ToString();

                GetClassName(hWnd, sb, sb.Capacity);
                wnd.szClassName = sb.ToString();

                if (wnd.szWindowName == strWinHeadName)
                {
                    windowInfo = wnd;
                }
                return true;
            }, 0);

            return windowInfo;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 指定句柄的窗口发送消息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="hWnd">接收消息窗体的句柄</param>
        /// <param name="Msg">消息标示符</param>
        /// <param name="wParam">消息</param>
        /// <param name="lParam"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [DllImport("user32.dll")]
        public static extern int SendMessage(IntPtr hWnd, int Msg, int wParam, string lParam);
      
      
    }
}