• Linux安装部署FTP服务器


      本文章会将安装FTP服务器的步骤以及一些遇到的问题来记录下

      因为项目中要与第三方对接数据,需要用到FTP服务器以提供他们每天上传数据,因为之前在本地的VMware虚拟机上部署过一次,这次则在天翼云上部署。

      首先,我们执行安装命令:yum install -y vsftpd

      

      执行后会自动下载,然后安装,如下:

    Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
    Determining fastest mirrors
     * base: mirrors.163.com
     * extras: mirrors.163.com
     * updates: mirrors.163.com
    base                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | 3.7 kB     00:00     
    extras                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 3.4 kB     00:00     
    extras/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                                     |  26 kB     00:00     
    updates                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 3.4 kB     00:00     
    updates/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                                                    | 1.9 MB     00:00     
    Setting up Install Process
    Resolving Dependencies
    --> Running transaction check
    ---> Package vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-24.el6 will be installed
    --> Finished Dependency Resolution
    
    Dependencies Resolved
    
    =============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
     Package                                                 Arch                                                    Version                                                         Repository                                             Size
    =============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
    Installing:
     vsftpd                                                  x86_64                                                  2.2.2-24.el6                                                    base                                                  156 k
    
    Transaction Summary
    =============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
    Install       1 Package(s)
    
    Total download size: 156 k
    Installed size: 340 k
    Downloading Packages:
    vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                        | 156 kB     00:00     
    Running rpm_check_debug
    Running Transaction Test
    Transaction Test Succeeded
    Running Transaction
      Installing : vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                1/1 
      Verifying  : vsftpd-2.2.2-24.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                                1/1 
    
    Installed:
      vsftpd.x86_64 0:2.2.2-24.el6                                                                                                                                                                                                               
    
    Complete!

      以上就代表安装成功了!

      安装成功后我们进入FTP文件夹查看是否有问题,FTP在Linux上名称为 vsftpd ,默认安装在  /etc/vsftpd 目录下;

      执行:  命令,进入FTP文件夹中查看文件,会看有四个文件,如下:

    -rw------- 1 root root  125 Mar 22  2017 ftpusers  黑名单文件,此文件里的用户不允许访问 FTP 服务器
    -rw------- 1 root root  361 Mar 22  2017 user_list  白名单文件,是允许访问 FTP 服务器的用户列表
    -rw------- 1 root root 4599 Mar 22  2017 vsftpd.conf  核心配置文件
    -rwxr--r-- 1 root root  338 Mar 22  2017 vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh  FTP服务

      安装完成之后先不要着急配置,我们先给Linux系统添加一个用户,一个登录FTP服务器的用户;

      执行  命令,创建一个 ftpuser 的用户,

      执行 命令,修改此用户的密码。

      

      这里需要限制FTP登录的人数,我们进入 vsftpd 目录下的 user_list 中修改,如下:

    # vsftpd userlist
    # If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this file
    # If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this file, and
    # do not even prompt for a password.
    # Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
    # for users that are denied.
    root  
    ftpuser

      user_list 里面的内容是能够登录FTP的用户列表,若是不想让其他用户登录,则删除该文件内的其他用户名,仅保留我们刚才创建的一个用户(root为系统管理员,若是不需要也可以删除)。

      完成以上步骤我们接下来要配置 vsftpd.conf 这个核心文件,下面是该文件里的内容:

    # Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
    #
    # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
    # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
    # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
    #
    # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
    # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
    # capabilities.
    #
    # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
    anonymous_enable=YES
    #
    # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
    local_enable=YES
    #
    # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
    write_enable=YES
    #
    # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
    # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
    local_umask=022
    #
    # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
    # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
    # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
    #anon_upload_enable=YES
    #
    # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
    # new directories.
    #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
    #
    # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
    # go into a certain directory.
    dirmessage_enable=YES
    #
    # The target log file can be vsftpd_log_file or xferlog_file.
    # This depends on setting xferlog_std_format parameter
    xferlog_enable=YES
    #
    # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
    connect_from_port_20=YES
    #
    # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
    # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
    # recommended!
    #chown_uploads=YES
    #chown_username=whoever
    #
    # The name of log file when xferlog_enable=YES and xferlog_std_format=YES
    # WARNING - changing this filename affects /etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd.log
    #xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
    #
    # Switches between logging into vsftpd_log_file and xferlog_file files.
    # NO writes to vsftpd_log_file, YES to xferlog_file
    xferlog_std_format=YES
    #
    # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
    #idle_session_timeout=600
    #
    # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
    #data_connection_timeout=120
    #
    # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
    # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
    #nopriv_user=ftpsecure
    #
    # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
    # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,

      此配置我们仅需要修改一个地方,就是匿名用户登录的时候将其禁止,然后指定FTP根目录就行了,其他的也可以自行查找网上的一些方式来配置。

      修改: 改为  NO,禁止匿名用户访问。

      新增:  指定用户访问主目录(FTP文件存放目录)。

      但是目前没有这个文件夹,所以我们需要创建这个文件夹,命令: 

      然后更改目录访问用户,命令:

      需要注意的是:当是从阿里云或者天翼云上部署FTP的时候,当部署完毕之后一定要开放你的端口规则,不然你是无法访问默认端口的(也就是你无法访问FTP服务器,默认端口为21,20)!!!

       

      

      使用filezilla连接试试,我出现了如下问题:

      

      这是FTP的主动模式和被动模式造成的,所以我选择了一个很简单的方式来解决:如下

       

       登录成功了,然后又出现了一个新的问题:

      

      在防火墙内开放 21 端口即可,如下:

       

      再访问,就好了:

      

      FTP就部署完成了,其实部署过程中很多坎坷,所以一定要多思考,路漫漫其修远兮!

       

  • 相关阅读:
    快递标示
    git 操作命令系列
    在线js调试地址
    jQuery 的 validator 验证动态添加的信息
    mysql批量插入
    array_map 批量对数据执行某个自定义方法
    使用 header函数实现文件下载
    设置UTF-8 编码
    常用短信接口平台
    async: false 实现AJAX同步请求 ( $.ajax同步/异步(async:false/true) )
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Wang352051443/p/9805980.html
Copyright © 2020-2023  润新知