nginx 反向代理 与 Apache backend的配置联合配置：
说明： nginx 将http映射到Apache上的特定子目录。
配置方法步骤：
1. 设置域名， 子域名映射到指定服务器ip，
2. nginx设置好server ，以及对应的目录， 或者 转发到指定Apache端口。
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name localhost;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
# include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
}
# Only for nginx-naxsi used with nginx-naxsi-ui : process denied requests
#location /RequestDenied {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
#}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
#error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#location = /50x.html {
# root /usr/share/nginx/html;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ .php$ {
# fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$;
# # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
#
# # With php5-cgi alone:
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# # With php5-fpm:
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name nginx.xxxx.com;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/www.xxxx.com;
index index.html;
}
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name www.xxxx.com apache.xxxx.com;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name nginx.xxxx.com;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/www.xxxx.com;
index index.html;
}
}
server{
listen 80;
server_name www.xxxx.com apache.xxxx.com;
index index.html;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:8080/www.xxxx.com/;
proxy_redirect default;
}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
#
# location / {
# try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# }
#}
3. Apache 设置好ports.conf ， 设置为2中相同（8080）， 另外注意配置 sites_enable文件夹下的文件中的端口。
<VirtualHost *:8080>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
ServerName www.xxxx.com
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www/html
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
4. 启动nginx 加载新配置， 重启Apache
4.1 启动nginx，只需nginx即可，若是修改配置后重新启动，则需要nginx -s reload. 关闭： nginx -s stop
4.2 apache2ctl restart
5. 查看端口占用情况： netstat -anop | grep 80
6. Apache 的 mod_expires 与 mod_cache
Apache的过期策略可以通过apache的mod_expires和mod_headers两个模块设置：
1）模块mod_expires设置:
允许通过配置文件控制HTTP的"Expires"和"Cache-Control"头内容
mod_expires 模块的主要作用是自动生成页面头部信息中的 Expires 标签和 Cache-Control 标签，从而降低客户端的访问频率和次数，达到减少不必要流量和增加访问速度的目的
mod_expires 是 apache 众多模块中配置比较简单的一个，它一共只有三条指令
ExpiresActive 指令：打开或关闭产生”Expires:”和”Cache-Control:”头的功能。
ExpiresByType 指令：指定MIME类型的文档（例如：text/html）的过期时间。
ExpiresDefault 指令：默认所有文档的过期时间。
过期时间的写法
“access plus 1 month”
“access plus 4 weeks”
“now plus 30 days”
“modification plus 5 hours 3 minutes”
A2592000
M604800
access、now及A 三种写法的意义相同，指过期时间从访问时开始计算。
modification及M 的意义相同，指过期时间是以被访问文件的最后修改时间开始计算。
所以，后一种写法只对静态文件起作用，而由脚本生成的动态页面不受它的作用
配置实例：
ExpiresActive On（开启mod_expires功能）
ExpiresDefault "access plus 6 months"（默认的过期时间是6个月）
ExpiresByType image/* "access plus 10 years"（图片的文件类型缓存时间为10年）
ExpiresByType text/* "access plus 10 years"（文本类型缓存时间为10年）
ExpiresByType application/* "access plus 30 minutes"（application文件类型缓存30分钟）
验证：image/jpeg 缓存时间为315360000s（10年）
如果将image/jpeg设置为不缓存（将max-age设置为0s）：
# ExpiresByType image/* "access plus 10 years"
ExpiresByType image/* A0
2）模块mod_headers设置:
# YEAR（flv,gif,ico文件类型的缓存时间为1年）
Header set Cache-Control “max-age=2592000″
# WEEK（pdf.swf,js,css缓存时间为一周）
Header set Cache-Control “max-age=604800″
# NEVER CACHE（jsp.swf,ico文件类型不缓存）
Header set Expires “Thu, 01 Dec 2003 16:00:00 GMT”
Header set Cache-Control “no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate”
Header set Pragma “no-cache”