asp.net mvc3的静态化实现

静态化处理，可以大大提高客户的访问浏览速度，提高用户体验，同时也降低了服务器本身的压力。在asp.net mvc3中，可以相对容易地处理静态化问题，不用过多考虑静态网页的同步，生成等等问题。我提供这个方法很简单，就需要在需要静态化处理的Controller或Action上加一个Attribute就可以。下面是我写的一个生成静态文件的ActionFilterAttribute。

   1     using System;

  2     using System.IO;
  3     using System.Text;
  4     using System.Web;
  5     using System.Web.Mvc;
  6     using NLog;
  7 
  8     /// <summary>
  9     /// 生成静态文件
 10     /// </summary>
 11     [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Class | AttributeTargets.Method, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = true)]
 12     public class GenerateStaticFileAttribute : ActionFilterAttribute
 13     {
 14         #region 私有属性
 15 
 16         private static readonly Logger logger = LogManager.GetCurrentClassLogger();
 17 
 18         #endregion
 19 
 20         #region 公共属性
 21 
 22         /// <summary>
 23         /// 过期时间，以小时为单位
 24         /// </summary>
 25         public int Expiration { get; set; }
 26 
 27         /// <summary>
 28         /// 文件后缀名
 29         /// </summary>
 30         public string Suffix { get; set; }
 31 
 32         /// <summary>
 33         /// 缓存目录
 34         /// </summary>
 35         public string CacheDirectory { get; set; }
 36 
 37         /// <summary>
 38         /// 指定生成的文件名
 39         /// </summary>
 40         public string FileName { get; set; }
 41 
 42         #endregion
 43 
 44         #region 构造函数
 45 
 46         /// <summary>
 47         /// 默认构造函数
 48         /// </summary>
 49         public GenerateStaticFileAttribute()
 50         {
 51             Expiration = 1;
 52             CacheDirectory = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
 53         }
 54 
 55         #endregion
 56 
 57         #region 方法
 58 
 59         public override void OnResultExecuted(ResultExecutedContext filterContext)
 60         {
 61             var fileInfo = GetCacheFileInfo(filterContext);
 62 
 63             if ((fileInfo.Exists && fileInfo.CreationTime.AddHours(Expiration) < DateTime.Now) || !fileInfo.Exists)
 64             {
 65                 var deleted = false;
 66 
 67                 try
 68                 {
 69                     if (fileInfo.Exists)
 70                     {
 71                         fileInfo.Delete();
 72                     }
 73 
 74                     deleted = true;
 75                 }
 76                 catch (Exception ex)
 77                 {
 78                     logger.Error("删除文件:{0}发生异常:{1}", fileInfo.FullName, ex.StackTrace);
 79                 }
 80 
 81                 var created = false;
 82 
 83                 try
 84                 {
 85                     if (!fileInfo.Directory.Exists)
 86                     {
 87                         fileInfo.Directory.Create();
 88                     }
 89 
 90                     created = true;
 91                 }
 92                 catch (IOException ex)
 93                 {
 94                     logger.Error("创建目录:{0}发生异常:{1}", fileInfo.DirectoryName, ex.StackTrace);
 95                 }
 96 
 97                 if (deleted && created)
 98                 {
 99                     FileStream fileStream = null;
100                     StreamWriter streamWriter = null;
101 
102                     try
103                     {
104                         var viewResult = filterContext.Result as ViewResult;
105                         fileStream = new FileStream(fileInfo.FullName, FileMode.CreateNew, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None);
106                         streamWriter = new StreamWriter(fileStream);
107                         var viewContext = new ViewContext(filterContext.Controller.ControllerContext, viewResult.View, viewResult.ViewData, viewResult.TempData, streamWriter);
108                         viewResult.View.Render(viewContext, streamWriter);
109                     }
110                     catch (Exception ex)
111                     {
112                         logger.Error("生成缓存文件:{0}发生异常:{1}", fileInfo.FullName, ex.StackTrace);
113                     }
114                     finally
115                     {
116                         if (streamWriter != null)
117                         {
118                             streamWriter.Close();
119                         }
120 
121                         if (fileStream != null)
122                         {
123                             fileStream.Close();
124                         }
125                     }
126                 }
127             }
128         }
129 
130         /// <summary>
131         /// 生成文件Key
132         /// </summary>
133         /// <param name="controllerContext">ControllerContext</param>
134         /// <returns>文件Key</returns>
135         protected virtual string GenerateKey(ControllerContext controllerContext)
136         {
137             var url = controllerContext.HttpContext.Request.Url.ToString();
138 
139             if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(url))
140             {
141                 return null;
142             }
143 
144             var th = new TigerHash();
145             var data = th.ComputeHash(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(url));
146             var key = Convert.ToBase64String(data, Base64FormattingOptions.None);
147             key = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(key);
148 
149             return key;
150         }
151 
152         /// <summary>
153         /// 获取静态的文件信息
154         /// </summary>
155         /// <param name="controllerContext">ControllerContext</param>
156         /// <returns>缓存文件信息</returns>
157         protected virtual FileInfo GetCacheFileInfo(ControllerContext controllerContext)
158         {
159             var fileName = string.Empty;
160 
161             if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(FileName))
162             {
163                 var key = GenerateKey(controllerContext);
164 
165                 if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(key))
166                 {
167                     fileName = Path.Combine(CacheDirectory, string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(Suffix) ? key : string.Format("{0}.{1}", key, Suffix));
168                 }
169             }
170             else
171             {
172                 fileName = Path.Combine(CacheDirectory, FileName);
173             }
174 
175             return new FileInfo(fileName);
176         }
177 
178         #endregion
179     }

如果大家对于生成的文件和目录有特殊的要求，那可以重写GetCacheFileInfo方法，比如按照日期生成目录等等更复杂的目录和文件结构。当然以上代码只是提供了生成静态页的方法，但是访问如何解决呢？ 访问静态文件和规则就需要在HttpApplication的Application_BeginRequest实现了。首先可以设置需要静态化访问的路由地址以html结尾。下面的是一个用于首页的静态化访问的实现，很简单，当然你可以实现比较复杂的逻辑，比如根据文件时间来判断是否应该访问静态文件等等。

 1         protected void Application_BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e)
 2         {
 3             StaticContentRewrite();
 4         }
 5 
 6         /// <summary>
 7         /// 处理静态发布内容
 8         /// </summary>
 9         private void StaticContentRewrite()
10         {
11             if (Context.Request.FilePath == "/" || Context.Request.FilePath.StartsWith("/index.html", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
12             {
13                 if (File.Exists(Server.MapPath("index.html")))
14                 {
15                     Context.RewritePath("index.html");
16                 }
17             }

18         }