• python 栈和队列 排序 初级数据结构 木


    编写一个类,具有栈和队列的功能。实现以下4个方法:

    shit()       返回并删除列表中第一个元素

    unshit()   在列表的头部‘压入’一个新的元素

    push()    在列表尾部增加一个元素

    pop()      返回并删除最后一个元素

    outAllData() 输出所有的数据

    class stackAndQueue(object):
        data = []
    
        def isEmpty(self):
            return len(self.data)==0
    
        def shift(self):
            if stackAndQueue.isEmpty(self):
                print 'the operator is illegal'
            else :
                ret = self.data[0]
                del self.data[0]
                return ret
    
        def unshift(self, val):
            self.data.insert(0, val)
    
        def push(self, val):
            self.data.append(val)
    
        def pop(self):
            if stackAndQueue.isEmpty(self):
                print 'the operator is illegal' 
            else : return self.data.pop()
    
        def outAllData(self):
            print ' '.join( map(str, self.data) )

    快速排序:

    def quickSort(num):
        if num == []:
            return []
        n = len(num)
        return quickSort([num[i] for i in xrange(1, n) if num[i]<=num[0] ]) + [num[0]] + quickSort([num[i] for i in xrange(1, n) if num[i]>num[0] ])
    
    def main():
        l1 = [9, 8, 7, 5, 4, 1, 7, 56, 34]
        l2 = quickSort(l1)
        print l1
        print l2
        
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()

     选择排序:

    def selection_sort(L):
        Len = len(L)
        for i in xrange(Len):
            smallest = find_min(L, i)
            L[i], L[smallest] = L[smallest], L[i]
    
    def find_min(L, b):
        smallest = b
        Len = len(L)
        for i in xrange(b, Len):
            if L[i] < L[smallest]:
                smallest = i
        return smallest
    
    def main():
        l1 = [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 9, -3, 56]
        print 'before sort ', l1
        selection_sort(l1)
        print 'after  sort ',l1
        
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()

     插入排序

    def insertion_sort(L):
        Len  = len(L)
        for i in xrange(1,Len):
            insert(L, i)
    
    def insert(L, b):
        Len = len(L)
        i = b
        while (L[i-1] > L[i]) and (i-1>=0):
            L[i-1], L[i] = L[i], L[i-1]
            i-= 1
    
    def main():
        l1 = [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 9, -3, 56]
        print 'before sort ', l1
        insertion_sort(l1)
        print 'after  sort ',l1
        
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
    

    另外一个版本,使用bisect模块实现。bisect模块有以下几个方法: 这些方法返回的都是位置信息

    bisect(x) 默认是bisect_right(a, x)

    bisect_left(a, x)  在有序序列里查找第一个大于x的位置,如果有与x相同的元素,则返回与x相等元素中最左边的那个位置

    bisect_right(a, x) 在有序序列里查找第一个大于x的位置,如果有与x相同的元素,则返回与x相等元素中最右边的那个位置

    insort 默认是insort_right(a, x)

    insort_left(a, x)   在有序序列里插入x,如果有与x相同的元素,则当前元素插入在这些相同元素的最左边

    insort_right(a, x) 在有序序列里插入x,如果有与x相同的元素,则当前元素插入在这些相同元素的最右边

    import bisect
    def bin_sort(values): '''sort values , creating a new list''' result = [] for v in values: bisect.insort_left(result, v) return result def main(): l1 = [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 9, -3, 56] print 'before sort ', l1 l1=bin_sort(l1) print 'after sort ',l1 if __name__ == '__main__': main()

    合并排序(递归版)

    def mergesort(L):
        if len(L) < 2: return L
        mid = (len(L))>>1
        L1 = mergesort(L[:mid])
        L2 = mergesort(L[mid:])
        return merge(L1, L2)
    
    def merge(L1, L2):
        newL = []
        i1 = i2 =0
        Len1, Len2 =len(L1), len(L2)
        while i1!=Len1 and i2!=Len2:
            if L1[i1] <= L2[i2]:
                newL.append(L1[i1])
                i1 += 1
            else :
                newL.append(L2[i2])
                i2 += 1
        newL.extend(L1[i1:])
        newL.extend(L2[i2:])
        return newL
    
    def main():
        l1 = [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 9, -3, 56]
        print 'before sort ', l1
        l1=mergesort(l1)
        print 'after  sort ',l1
        
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        main()
    

    合并排序(非递归版)

    def mergesort(L):

    ''' segNum 未合并的序列数 segLength 每个序列的长度,不包括最后那段 lastSegLength 最后那短的长度,这个是不确定的 ''' segNum, segLength, lastSegLength = len(L), 1, 1 while segNum > 1: tmp_segNum = segNum segNum >>= 1 tmp_segLength = segLength<<1 if tmp_segNum&1: j = 0 for i in xrange(segNum): merge(L, j, j+segLength,j+tmp_segLength) j += tmp_segLength j = len(L)-lastSegLength-tmp_segLength+1 merge(L, j, j+tmp_segLength, len(L)) else : j = 0 for i in xrange(segNum): if i != (segNum-1): merge(L, j, j+segLength, j+tmp_segLength) else : merge(L, j, j+segLength, len(L)) j += tmp_segLength lastSegLength += segLength segLength = tmp_segLength def merge(L, s, mid, t): tmp = [] i1, i2 = s, mid while i1!=mid and i2!=t: if L[i1]<=L[i2]: tmp.append(L[i1]) i1 += 1 else : tmp.append(L[i2]) i2 += 1 tmp.extend(L[i1:mid]) tmp.extend(L[i2:t]) for i in xrange(t-1, s-1, -1): L[i] = tmp.pop() def main(): l1 = [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 9, -3, 56] print 'before sort ', l1 mergesort(l1) print 'after sort ', l1 if __name__ == '__main__': main()

     表达式的计算,带括号:

    ss = raw_input().strip()
    Len = len(ss)
    info, sign = [], []
    
    def isdigit(x):
            return True if  ord('0')<=ord(x)<=ord('9') else False
    
    def count():
            b, a = info.pop(), info.pop()
            op = sign.pop()
            if op=='+': a += b
            elif op=='-': a -= b
            elif op=='*': a *= b
            elif op=='/': a /= b
            info.append(a)
    
    i = 0
    while i < Len:
            if isdigit(ss[i] ):
                    tmp = 0
                    while i<Len and  isdigit(ss[i]) : tmp = tmp*10 + ord(ss[i])-ord('0'); i+=1
                    i-=1; info.append(tmp)
            elif ss[i]=='(': sign.append(ss[i])
            elif ss[i]==')':
                    while sign and sign[-1]!='(': count()
                    sign.pop()
            elif ss[i]=='+' or ss[i]=='-':
                    while sign and sign[-1]!='(': count()
                    sign.append(ss[i])
            elif ss[i]=='*' or ss[i]=='/':
                    while sign and sign[-1]!='(' and sign[-1]!='+' and sign[-1]!='-': count()
                    sign.append(ss[i])
            i += 1
    
    while sign:  count()
    print info[0]
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/TengXunGuanFangBlog/p/python_lian_xi.html
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