Swift-类、结构体、枚举

001-枚举

//枚举 swift 中不会被赋于默认的整型值
enum someEnumeration {
    case north
    case sourth
    case east
    case west
}
//多个成员值要写在一行，用逗号隔开
enum Planet {
    case mercury,earth,mars
}
var directionHead = someEnumeration.west
        directionHead = .east
        //使用Switch匹配单个的枚举值
        switch directionHead {
        case .north:
            print("north")
        case .sourth:
            print("sourth")
        case .west:
            print("west")
        case .east:
            print("east")
        default:
            print("None Of This Direction")
        }

//枚举关联值

enum BarCode {
    case upc(Int,Int,Int,Int) //根据数字识别商品
    case qrCode(String)       //根据代码识别商品
}

//创建一个条形码
 var productBar = BarCode.upc(8, 8, 3, 4)
 productBar = .qrCode("ABCDE")//upc被qrCode代替

//枚举原始值

//枚举的原始值 隐士赋值
enum ASCIIControlChar : Character {
    case tab = "	"
    case lineFeed = "
"
    case carriageReturn = "
"
}
//字符串的默认值是枚举值本身
enum Planet:Int{
    case mercury = 1,venus,earth,mars
}
//获取枚举变量的原始值
     let earthOrder = Planet.earth.rawValue
     print(earthOrder)//输出结果为 3

//枚举递归

//枚举递归
indirect enum Arithmetic {
    case number(Int)
    case addition(Arithmetic,Arithmetic)
    case multiplication (Arithmetic,Arithmetic)
}
   //创建一个枚举递归表达式
   let five = Arithmetic.number(5)
   let four = Arithmetic.number(4)
   let sum = Arithmetic.addition(five, four)
   let product = Arithmetic.multiplication(sum, five)
    // (5+4) * 5
    print(product)

//类

//类的声明：
class Student{
    var name:String = ""
    var age:Int = 18
}
//访问属性
   classItem.name = "小子"
   print(classItem.name)//小子

//结构体：

//结构体
struct teacher {
    var name:String = ""
    var age:Int = 20
}
let myTeacher = teacher()
 print(myTeacher)//teacher(name: "", age: 20)

 属性：

//存储属性 (变量和常量)
class Student {
    var name:String = ""
    var age:Int = 10
}
class newClass {
    //lazy var name = "小名" //懒加载属性
    var lastName = "小小"
    var firstName = "苏"
    var name:String{
        get {
            return firstName + lastName
        }
    }
}
class StepCount {
    var examplePro:Int = 10 {
        willSet (newTotal){
            //在属性更改之前做的操作
            print("新值是(newTotal)")
        }
        didSet {
            //在属性更改之后做的操作
            print("新值-旧值(examplePro-oldValue)")
        }
    }
}

//调用：

var allName = newClass()
 print(allName.name) //苏小小
 //只读属性只能用var来描述
 let stepCount = StepCount()
stepCount.examplePro = 200
//新值是200
//新值-旧值190