Araay是有序的数据集,在OC中分为不可变数组NSArray和可变数组NSMutableArray,在swift中只有常量和变量两种类型,声明成变量那就可以说明是可变的了!
学习时的具体的用法总结成如下的代码:
//数组
var arrInts = [Int]()//创建一个空数组
arrInts = [];
print("arrInts is of type [Int] with (arrInts.count) items.")//// 打印 "someInts is of type [Int] with 0 items."
var threeDoubles = Array(repeating:0.0,count:3)//创建一个带有默认值的数组
print("threeDoublesArray:(threeDoubles)")//打印 threeDoublesArray:[0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
threeDoubles += threeDoubles//数组合并
print("threeDoubles:(threeDoubles)")//打印 threeDoubles:[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
let anotherThreeDoubles = Array(repeating: 2.5, count: 3)
let sixDoubles = threeDoubles + anotherThreeDoubles;//数组合并
print(sixDoubles)//打印 [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 2.5, 2.5, 2.5]
//用数组字面量构造数组
var goodsListArr:[String] = ["onions","eggs","apple","orange","pear","salt"]
goodsListArr.append("vinegar")//在数组的末尾添加一个元素(不可以用下标访问的形式去在数组尾部添加新项)
goodsListArr += ["Chocolate Spread", "Cheese", "Butter"]//给数组添加几个元素
if goodsListArr.isEmpty {//判断数组是否为空
print("The shopping list is empty.")
} else {
print("The shopping list is not empty.")
}
// 打印 "The shopping list is not empty."(shoppinglist 不是空的)
let firstItem = goodsListArr[0]//根据索引 取对应的索引值
print("firstItemValue:(firstItem)")//打印 firstItemValue:onions
goodsListArr[0] = "eight onions"//将第一个索引值替换掉
// 其中的第一项现在是 "Six onions" 而不是 "onions"
print("Replace the former results:(goodsListArr)")//替换前的结果 Replace the former results:["eight onions", "eggs", "apple", "orange", "pear", "salt", "vinegar", "Chocolate Spread", "Cheese", "Butter"]
goodsListArr[2...4] = ["Bananas", "Apples"]//将某个范围的值替换掉
print("results of substitution:(goodsListArr)")//替换后的结果 results of substitution:["eight onions", "eggs", "Bananas", "Apples", "salt", "vinegar", "Chocolate Spread", "Cheese", "Butter"]
//在数组中插入元素(调用数组的insert(_:at:)方法来在某个具体索引值之前添加数据项)
goodsListArr.insert("books", at: 0)//在0索引之前添加数据,现在数组第一个元素是“books”
//根据索引移除数组中某一个元素
let removeItem = goodsListArr.remove(at: 0)//将数组的第一个元素移除并获取被移除的第一项元素
print("removed index 0 item is:(removeItem) After removing the results:(goodsListArr)")//removed index 0 item is:books After removing the results:["eight onions", "eggs", "Bananas", "Apples", "salt", "vinegar", "Chocolate Spread", "Cheese", "Butter"]
//如果我们试着对索引越界的数据进行检索或者设置新值的操作,会引发一个运行期错误。我们可以使用索引值和数组的count属性进行比较来在使用某个索引之前先检验是否有效。除了当count等于 0 时(说明这是个空数组),最大索引值一直是count - 1,因为数组都是零起索引
let lastItem = goodsListArr.removeLast()//将数组的最后一个元素移除并获取被移除的最后一个元素值
print("removed last item is:(lastItem) After removing the results:(goodsListArr)")//打印 removed last item is:Butter After removing the results:["eight onions", "eggs", "Bananas", "Apples", "salt", "vinegar", "Chocolate Spread", "Cheese"]
for item in goodsListArr{//数组的遍历
print("数组遍历的结果:(item)")
/* 打印
数组遍历的结果:eight onions
数组遍历的结果:eggs
数组遍历的结果:Bananas
数组遍历的结果:Apples
数组遍历的结果:salt
数组遍历的结果:vinegar
数组遍历的结果:Chocolate Spread
数组遍历的结果:Cheese
*/
}
//使用enumerated()方法来进行数组遍历。enumerated()返回一个由每一个数据项索引值和数据值组成的元组。我们可以把这个元组分解成临时常量或者变量来进行遍历(可以同时d得到每个数据项的值和索引值)
for(index,value) in goodsListArr.enumerated(){
print("Item (String(index + 1)): (value)")
/*打印
Item 1: eight onions
Item 2: eggs
Item 3: Bananas
Item 4: Apples
Item 5: salt
Item 6: vinegar
Item 7: Chocolate Spread
Item 8: Cheese
*/
}
这是我近期在学习swift的学习总结,给朋友们提供学习参考,同时发现有错误的地方可以指出相互交流学习共同进步!