不定式和动名词复合结构是什么
一、总结
一句话总结:当不定式和动名词的逻辑主语不是句子主语时,且又需要指出来,就在它们的前面加上逻辑主语,就构成了复合结构,即“逻辑主语+不定式或动名词”。不定式的逻辑主语通常用for sb. 表示,在It is very kind of you to do so. 等句子中用of sb. ;动名词的逻辑主语在正式文体中用名词的所有格或形容词性物主代词,在口语或非正式文体中用名词普通格或人称代词的宾格。
1、不定式的复合结构是怎样?
介词for(or)+名词/代词 表示不定式的逻辑主语,常用于“It is + adj. + for(of)sb. + to do sth.”结构。
不定式的逻辑主语不能明确是谁时,是不用复合结构的,即:to do sth;否则,用复合结构。
不定式的句法作用举例如下:
1.主语:It is very important for you to study English.
2.表语:The car is for you to drive.
3.状语:The man works hard for his boss to be pleased.
4.定语:There is no need for you to go to the office.
5.宾语:I've arranged for her to see you off.
6.说明逻辑主语的品质 用of It's very kind of you to do so.
2、动名词的复合结构是怎样?
①形容词性物主代词+动名词;
②名词's+动名词;
③代词宾格+动名词;
④名词+动名词。
动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时,不能用③、④两种形式;无生命名词不能用第②种形式,无论是作主语还是作宾语。动名词的复合结构,实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。如:
His/Jack's not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他/杰克没准时到火车站使得我们大家都很担心。
Do you mind my/me/Jack's /Jack leaving now ? 我/杰克现在离开你介意吗?
3、Surely 15 minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 中to have a coffee的主语是谁?
Surely 15 minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 你喝杯咖啡15分钟当然足够了。(you是不定式have a coffee的逻辑主语)
4、Would you mind Tom’s / Tom / his / him opening the door?句子各部分是什么结构?
Would you mind Tom’s / Tom / his / him opening the door?汤姆 / 他把门打开,你介意吗?(“汤姆 / 他”是“开门”的逻辑主语)
5、How about the two of us ________ a walk down the garden?(take)填什么?
How about the two of us ________ a walk down the garden? (全国卷)
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
【分析】答案选C。What / How about中about是介词,后接动名词。句中the two of us就是动名词短语taking a walk的逻辑主语。
二、动名词/不定式的复合结构
动名词的复合结构
①形容词性物主代词+动名词;
②名词's+动名词;
③代词宾格+动名词;
④名词+动名词。
动名词的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时,不能用③、④两种形式;无生命名词不能用第②种形式,无论是作主语还是作宾语。动名词的复合结构,实际上是给动名词加了一个逻辑主语。如:
His/Jack's not getting to the station on time made all of us worried.他/杰克没准时到火车站使得我们大家都很担心。
Do you mind my/me/Jack's /Jack leaving now ? 我/杰克现在离开你介意吗?
不定式的复合结构:for sb/sth to do sth
介词for(or)+名词/代词 表示不定式的逻辑主语,常用于“It is + adj. + for(of)sb. + to do sth.”结构。
不定式的逻辑主语不能明确是谁时,是不用复合结构的,即:to do sth;否则,用复合结构。
不定式的句法作用举例如下:
1.主语:It is very important for you to study English.
2.表语:The car is for you to drive.
3.状语:The man works hard for his boss to be pleased.
4.定语:There is no need for you to go to the office.
5.宾语:I've arranged for her to see you off.
6.说明逻辑主语的品质 用of It's very kind of you to do so.
参考:动名词/不定式的复合结构_聽海_新浪博客
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6290d43b0100qsb7.html
三、不定式和动名词的复合结构
当不定式和动名词的逻辑主语不是句子主语时,且又需要指出来,就在它们的前面加上逻辑主语,就构成了复合结构,即“逻辑主语+不定式或动名词”。不定式的逻辑主语通常用for sb. 表示,在It is very kind of you to do so. 等句子中用of sb. ;动名词的逻辑主语在正式文体中用名词的所有格或形容词性物主代词,在口语或非正式文体中用名词普通格或人称代词的宾格。如:
1. Surely 15 minutes is enough time for you to have a coffee. 你喝杯咖啡15分钟当然足够了。(you是不定式have a coffee的逻辑主语)
2. Would you mind Tom’s / Tom / his / him opening the door?汤姆 / 他把门打开,你介意吗?(“汤姆 / 他”是“开门”的逻辑主语)
3. How about the two of us ________ a walk down the garden? (全国卷)
A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking
【分析】答案选C。What / How about中about是介词,后接动名词。句中the two of us就是动名词短语taking a walk的逻辑主语。
参考:不定式和动名词的复合结构_高考网
http://www.gaokao.com/e/20090907/4b8bcf5a55c81.shtml