在使用FTP模块时候，首先需要定义FTP的实例，才可以对FTP进行操作
from ftplib import FTP import timeimport os sys_time = time.time() sys_time_array = time.localtime(sys_time) current_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S:",sys_time_array) #FTP登录 def ftp_login(host,port,user,password): ftp = FTP() #定义一个空的FTP实例 try: ftp.connect(host,port) #指定ip、端口，连接FTP except: print "FTP connect failed!!!" try: ftp.login(user,password) #指定账号、密码，登录FTP except: print "FTP login failed!!!" else: return ftp #返回ftp实例
拥有一个FTP实例之后，我们就可以对其进行操作。
#FTP目录全量下载 def ftp_download(ftp,remote_path,local_path): try: file_list = ftp.nlst(remote_path) #列出ftp指定目录下的所有文件，这里返回一个列表。 except: print "remote_path error!!!" else: key = os.path.exists(local_path) #检测本地存放文件的目录是否存在，若不存在，则创建。 if key == 'True': pass else: cmd = 'mkdir ' + local_path + ' -p' os.system(cmd) print "downloading!!!" try: for file in file_list: #将列表中的文件遍历一遍 bufsize = 1024 file_name = file.split('/')[-1] #因为返回的文件是全路径的，因此这里要处理一下，单独获取文件名 local_file = open(local_path+file_name,'wb') #打开本地的文件 ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s'%(file),local_file.write,bufsize) #用二进制的方式将FTP上的文件写到本地文件里面 ftp.set_debuglevel(0) local_file.close() #记得要关闭文件 except: print "%s %s download failed!!!" %(current_time,remote_path) else: print "%s %s download succeed!!!" %(current_time,remote_path)
下面是笔者在工作中编写的一段代码，其功能是简单地实现FTP的下载，上传，文件校验
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- from ftplib import FTP import sys,time,os,hashlib #定义时间 sys_time = time.time() sys_time_array = time.localtime(sys_time) current_time = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S:",sys_time_array) #定义FTP实例 class ftp(object): def __init__(self,ip,port,user,password): self.ip = ip self.port = port self.user = user self.password = password #FTP登录模块 def ftp_login(self): ftp = FTP() try: ftp.connect(self.ip,self.port) except: print "FTP connect failed!!!" try: ftp.login(self.user,self.password) except: print "FTP login failed!!!" else: return ftp #FTP下载 def ftp_download(self,remote_path,local_path): ftp = FTP() try: ftp.connect(self.ip,self.port) except: print "FTP connect failed!!!" try: ftp.login(self.user,self.password) except: print "FTP login failed!!!" else: try: file_list = ftp.nlst(remote_path) except: print "remote_path error!!!" else: key = os.path.exists(local_path) if str(key) == 'True': pass else: os.makedirs(local_path) print "downloading!!!" try: for file in file_list: bufsize = 1024 file_name = file.split('/')[-1] local_file = open(local_path+file_name,'wb') ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s'%(file),local_file.write,bufsize) ftp.set_debuglevel(0) local_file.close() except: print "%s %s download failed!!!" %(current_time,remote_path) else: print "%s %s download successfully!!!" %(current_time,remote_path) #FTP下载 def ftp_upload(self,remote_path,local_path): ftp = FTP() try: ftp.connect(self.ip,self.port) except: print "FTP connect failed!!!" try: ftp.login(self.user,self.password) except: print "FTP login failed!!!" else: try: ftp.mkd(remote_path) except: pass try: file_list = os.walk(local_path) for root,dirs,files in file_list: for file in files: local_file = local_path + file remote_file = remote_path + file bufsize = 1024 fp = open(local_file,'rb') ftp.storbinary('STOR ' + remote_file, fp, bufsize) fp.close() except: print "%s %s upload failed!!!" %(current_time,local_path) else: print "%s %s upload successfully!!!" %(current_time,local_path) #FTP文件校验 def check(self,remote_path,local_path): #将FTP临时文件下载到本地临时目录 tmp_path = '/tmp' + remote_path ftp = FTP() try: ftp.connect(self.ip,self.port) except: print "FTP connect failed!!!" try: ftp.login(self.user,self.password) except: print "FTP login failed!!!" else: try: file_list = ftp.nlst(remote_path) except: print "remote_path error!!!" else: key = os.path.exists(tmp_path) if str(key) == 'True': pass else: os.makedirs(tmp_path) print "checking!!!" try: for file in file_list: bufsize = 1024 file_name = file.split('/')[-1] local_file = open(tmp_path+file_name,'wb') ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s'%(file),local_file.write,bufsize) ftp.set_debuglevel(0) local_file.close() except: print "cloudn't check!!! it may be cause by your wrong FTP info!!!" #校验FTP临时文件的md5值 tmp_file_list = os.walk(tmp_path) tmp_file_md5s = {} for root,dirs,files in tmp_file_list: for tmp_file in files: tmp_file_path = tmp_path+tmp_file f_tmp = open(tmp_file_path,'r') fcont = f_tmp.read() f_tmp.close() fmd5 = hashlib.md5(fcont) tmp_file_md5s[tmp_file] = fmd5.hexdigest() #校验本地文件的md5值 local_file_list = os.walk(local_path) local_file_md5s = {} for root,dirs,files in local_file_list: for local_file in files: local_file_path = local_path+local_file f_local = open(local_file_path,'r') fcont = f_local.read() f_local.close() fmd5 = hashlib.md5(fcont) local_file_md5s[local_file] = fmd5.hexdigest() #开始校验文件md5值是否相同 for k,v in tmp_file_md5s.items(): try: if tmp_file_md5s[k] == local_file_md5s[k]: pass else: ftp = FTP() ftp.connect(self.ip,self.port) ftp.login(self.user,self.password) bufsize = 1024 local_file = open(local_path+k,'wb') ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s'%(remote_path+k),local_file.write,bufsize) ftp.set_debuglevel(0) local_file.close() print "downloading %s !!!" %(remote_path+k) except: bufsize = 1024 ftp = FTP() ftp.connect(self.ip,self.port) ftp.login(self.user,self.password) local_file = open(local_path+k,'wb') ftp.retrbinary('RETR %s'%(remote_path+k),local_file.write,bufsize) ftp.set_debuglevel(0) local_file.close() print "downloading %s !!!" %(remote_path+k) else: print "%s %s check successfully!!!" %(current_time,remote_path)
客户配置界面
#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding: utf-8 -*- #-author qicongliang- import easyftp,time sys_time = time.time() sys_time_array = time.localtime(sys_time) year = sys_time_array.tm_year mon = sys_time_array.tm_mon day = sys_time_array.tm_mday #*** ##############################################example################################################# # 输入FTP相关信息，并得出一个FTP实例，名字叫“FTP1” # # - ftp1 = easyftp.ftp('10.172.12.32','21','dqt','dqt') # # # # 调用FTP1的下载功能，并指定FTP目录与本地目录。 # # - ftp1.ftp_download('DSShare/release/rh2m/999/2018/11/27/','/mnt/data/grid_test/2018/11/27/rh2m/') # # # # 调用FTP1的校验功能，并指定需要校验得FTP目录与对应的本地目录。 # # - ftp1.check('/DSShare/release/rh2m/999/2018/11/27/','/mnt/data/grid_test/2018/11/27/rh2m/') # ###################################################################################################### #*** #假如您的目录是根据时间日期生产的，请用如下格式编辑您的目录路径 ################################################################################################################################# # 原本的路径。 # # - ftp1.check('/DSShare/release/rh2m/999/2018/11/27/','/mnt/data/grid_test/2018/11/27/rh2m/') # # 变形后的路径 # # - ftp1.ftp_download('DSShare/release/rh2m/999/%s/%s/%s/' %(year,mon,day),'/mnt/data/grid_test/%s/%s/%s/rh2m/' %(year,mon,day))# ################################################################################################################################# #################################请在下面修改您的相关信息######################################### #请输入你的FTP信息（IP,端口,用户,密码） ftp1 = easyftp.ftp('172.16.1.199','21','test','tqw961110') #请输入需要下载的目录（FTP目录，本地目录） #ftp1.ftp_download('/test/2018/11/27/','/usr/local/ftp_file/test/2018/11/27/') #请输入需要上传的目录（FTP目录，本地目录） ftp1.ftp_upload('/test2/','/usr/local/ftp_file/test2/') #请输入需要校验的目录（FTP目录，本地目录） #ftp1.check('/test/2018/11/27/','/usr/local/ftp_file/test/2018/11/27/')
下面附上python在FTP中的一些操作
from ftplib import FTP # 加载ftp模块 ftp = FTP() # 获取FTP对象 ftp.set_debuglevel(2) # 打开调试级别2，显示详细信息 ftp.connect('IP', PORT) # 连接ftp，server和端口 ftp.login('user', 'password') # 登录用户 print(ftp.getwelcome()) # 打印欢迎信息 ftp.cmd('xxx/xxx') # 进入远程目录 bufsize = 1024 # 设置缓存区大小 filename='filename.txt' # 需要下载的文件 file_handle=open(filename, 'wb').write # 以写的模式在本地打开文件 file.retrbinaly('RETR filename.txt', file_handle,bufsize) # 接收服务器上文件并写入本地文件 ftp.set_debuglevel(0) # 关闭调试模式 ftp.quit # 退出ftp ftp相关的命令操作 ftp.cwd(pathname) # 设置FTP当前操作的路径 ftp.dir() # 显示目录下所有目录的信息 ftp.nlst() # 获取目录下的文件 ftp.mkd(pathname) # 新建远程目录 ftp.rmd(dirname) # 删除远程目录 ftp.pwd() # 返回当前所在位置 ftp.delete(filename) # 删除远程文件 ftp.rename(fromname, toname) #将fromname改为toname ftp.storbinaly('STOR filename.txt',file_handel,bufsize) # 上传目标文件 ftp。retrbinary('RETR filename.txt',file_handel,bufsize) # 下载FTP文件