JUnit4:Test文档中的解释:
The Test
annotation supports two optional parameters.
The first, expected
, declares that a test method should throw an exception.
If it doesn't throw an exception or if it throws a different exception than the one declared, the test fails.
For example, the following test succeeds:
@Test(expected=IndexOutOfBoundsException.class) public void outOfBounds() { new ArrayList<Object>().get(1); }
The second optional parameter, timeout
, causes a test to fail if it takes longer than a specified amount of clock time (measured in milliseconds).
The following test fails:
@Test(timeout=100)
public void infinity() { while(true); }
文档中说得比较清楚,下面再结合之前加减乘除的例子重复地解释一下,以作巩固。。
expected属性
用来指示期望抛出的异常类型。
比如除以0的测试:
@Test(expected = Exception.class) public void testDivide() throws Exception { cal.divide(1, 0); }
抛出指定的异常类型,则测试通过 。
如果除数改为非0值,则不会抛出异常,测试失败,报Failures。
timeout属性
用来指示时间上限。
比如把这个属性设置为100毫秒:
@Test(timeout = 100)
当测试方法的时间超过这个时间值时测试就会失败。
(注意超时了报的是Errors,如果是值错了是Failures)。
附上程序例子:
其中让加法的时间延迟500毫秒。
Calculator package com.mengdd.junit4; public class Calculator { public int add(int a, int b) { try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return a + b; } public int subtract(int a, int b) { return a - b; } public int multiply(int a, int b) { return a * b; } public int divide(int a, int b) throws Exception { if (0 == b) { throw new Exception("除数不能为0"); } return a / b; } }
测试类代码:
加法方法测试加入了时间限制,导致超过时间时发生错误。
加入了除法除以零的抛出异常测试。
CalculatorTest package com.mengdd.junit4; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.AfterClass; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test; import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;//静态导入 public class CalculatorTest { private Calculator cal = null; @BeforeClass public static void globalInit() { System.out.println("global Init invoked!"); } @AfterClass public static void globalDestroy() { System.out.println("global Destroy invoked!"); } @Before public void init()// setUp() { cal = new Calculator(); System.out.println("init --> cal: " + cal); } @After public void destroy()// tearDown() { System.out.println("destroy"); } @Test(timeout = 100) public void testAdd() { System.out.println("testAdd"); int result = cal.add(3, 5); assertEquals(8, result); } @Test public void testSubtract() { System.out.println("testSubtract"); int result = cal.subtract(1, 6); assertEquals(-5, result); } @Test public void testMultiply() { System.out.println("testMultiply"); int result = cal.multiply(5, 9); assertEquals(45, result); } @Test(expected = Exception.class) public void testDivide() throws Exception { cal.divide(1, 0); } }