• 基于mosquitto的MQTT服务器---SSL/TLS 单向认证+双向认证


    配置单/双向认证

    1.生成证书

    使用如下shell 来生成证书:

    # * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
     
    #   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
     
    #   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
     
    # * Neither the name of the axTLS project nor the names of its
     
    #   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
     
    #   from this software without specific prior written permission.
     
    #
     
    # THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
     
    # "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
     
    # LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
     
    # A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
     
    # CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
     
    # SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
     
    # TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
     
    # DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
     
    # OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
     
    # NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
     
    # THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
     
    #
     
     
     
    #
     
    # Generate the certificates and keys for testing.
     
    #
     
     
     
     
     
    PROJECT_NAME="TLS Project"
     
     
     
    # Generate the openssl configuration files.
     
    cat > ca_cert.conf << EOF 
     
    [ req ]
     
    distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_name
     
    prompt                 = no
     
     
     
    [ req_distinguished_name ]
     
     O                      = $PROJECT_NAME Dodgy Certificate Authority
     
    EOF
     
     
     
    cat > server_cert.conf << EOF 
     
    [ req ]
     
    distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_name
     
    prompt                 = no
     
     
     
    [ req_distinguished_name ]
     
     O                      = $PROJECT_NAME
     
     CN                     = 192.168.111.100
     
    EOF
     
     
     
    cat > client_cert.conf << EOF 
     
    [ req ]
     
    distinguished_name     = req_distinguished_name
     
    prompt                 = no
     
     
     
    [ req_distinguished_name ]
     
     O                      = $PROJECT_NAME Device Certificate
     
     CN                     = 192.168.111.101
     
    EOF
     
     
     
    mkdir ca
     
    mkdir server
     
    mkdir client
     
    mkdir certDER
     
     
     
    # private key generation
     
    openssl genrsa -out ca.key 1024
     
    openssl genrsa -out server.key 1024
     
    openssl genrsa -out client.key 1024
     
     
     
    # cert requests
     
    openssl req -out ca.req -key ca.key -new -config ./ca_cert.conf
     
    openssl req -out server.req -key server.key -new -config ./server_cert.conf
     
    openssl req -out client.req -key client.key -new -config ./client_cert.conf
     
     
     
    # generate the actual certs.
     
    openssl x509 -req -in ca.req -out ca.crt -sha1 -days 5000 -signkey ca.key
     
    openssl x509 -req -in server.req -out server.crt -sha1 -CAcreateserial -days 5000  -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key
     
    openssl x509 -req -in client.req -out client.crt -sha1 -CAcreateserial -days 5000  -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key
     
     
    openssl x509 -in ca.crt -outform DER -out ca.der
     
    openssl x509 -in server.crt -outform DER -out server.der
     
    openssl x509 -in client.crt -outform DER -out client.der
     
     
     
    mv ca.crt ca.key ca/
     
    mv server.crt server.key server/
     
    mv client.crt client.key client/
     
     
     
    mv ca.der server.der client.der certDER/
     
     
     
    rm *.conf
     
    rm *.req
     
    rm *.srl
    

    将上述代码保存为makefile.sh

    做如下修改,终端执行。

    • 修改 CN 域中 IP 地址为你主机/设备的 IP 地址
    • [可选]加密位数 1024 修改为你需要的加密位数

    2. CA校验证书测试

    进行如下测试,以验证证书是否可用:

    $openssl verify -CAfile ca/ca.crt server/server.crt
    
    $openssl verify -CAfile ca/ca.crt client/client.crt
    

    3.配置单/双向认证

    step 1.进入配置文件

    sudo vim /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf
    

    step 2.找到 Default listener,在该栏下进行如下配置,再找到Certificate based SSL/TLS support字段.

    port 8883
    
    cafile /etc/mosquitto/CA/ca.crt
    
    certfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.crt
    
    keyfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.key
    
    require_certificate true
    
    use_identity_as_username true
    

    根据自己路径不同配置校验文件路径,笔者是把文件放在/etc/mosquitto/CA/下

    注意!!!

    根据单向认证和双向认证需要,可能需修改的字段有:
    a) port 8883 // MQTT服务器将选择此端口 listen
    b) cafile /etc/mosquitto/CA/ca.crt

    双向认证必须配置为你的CA证书
    单向认证(通常认为是client校验server证书,下同)可选配置
    单向认证中,server 和 client 端 ca 配置必须保持一致。即 server 若配置 ca.crt ,则 client 必须配置 ca.crt, server 不配置ca.crt ,client 也不可配置 ca.crt
    路径必须为绝对路径!!!

    c) certfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.crt
    单项认证和双向认证都必须配置为你的server证书

    d) keyfile /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.key
    单项认证和双向认证都必须配置为你的server私钥

    e) require_certificate true
    单向认证需设置为 false,注释此行,默认也是 false

    双向认证必须配置为true
    f) use_identity_as_username true
    单向认证设置为 false,注释此行,默认也是 false,注意设置为false,则需要用户名和密码鉴权,反之,则不需要
    双向认证通常设置为true

    step 3.重启服务

    mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

    如果提示端口被占用,先ps出mosquitto,再kill掉
    ps -aux | grep "mosquitto"
    kill -9 XXXXX

    4.单双向切换

    单向认证只需要注释两行即可:

    #require_certificate true
    
    #use_identity_as_username true
    

    如下:

    port 8883
    cafile  /etc/mosquitto/CA/ca/ca.crt
    certfile  /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.crt
    keyfile  /etc/mosquitto/CA/server/server.key
    

    5.同时打开单双向认证

    step 1.
    在先将/etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf 文件按2.4节配置默认打开双向认证,再找到 Extra listener字段
    进行如下配置,打开另一个端口用作单向认证

    step 2.
    再在该字段下找到Certificate based SSL/TLS support字段

    step 3.重启服务
    mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf

    如果提示端口被占用,先ps出mosquitto,再kill掉
    ps -aux | grep "mosquitto"
    kill -9 XXXXX

    6 验证

    step 1.进入到CA证书目录下:

    step 2.双向:
    终端一:订阅
    mosquitto_sub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8883 -t "mqtt/server/topic" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt --cert ./client/client.crt --key ./client/client.key &

    终端二:发布
    mosquitto_pub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8883 -t "mqtt/server/topic" -m "hello,world!" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt --cert ./server/server.crt --key ./server/server.key

    step 3. 单向
    终端一:订阅
    mosquitto_sub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8884 -t "mqtt/server/topic" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt &

    终端二:发布
    mosquitto_pub -h 10.30.11.47 -p 8884 -t "mqtt/server/topic" -m " hello,world!" --cafile ./ca/ca.crt

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Paul-watermelon/p/11238388.html
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