一,百度百科
.ini 文件是Initialization File的缩写,即初始化文件,是windows的系统配置文件所采用的存储格式,统管windows的各项配置,一般用户就用windows提供的各项图形化管理界面就可实现相同的配置了。但在某些情况,还是要直接编辑ini才方便,一般只有很熟悉windows才能去直接编辑。
开始时用于WIN3X下面,WIN95用注册表代替,以及后面的内容表示一个节,相当于注册表中的键。
二,配置程序
示例ini配置文件(setting.ini)
1 [txtA] 2 name = comma,end,full,run 3 comma = 1000 4 end = 3 5 full = 2 6 run = 1 7 default_comma = 3 8 default_end = 3 9 default_full = 2 10 default_run = 1 11 12 [txtB] 13 name = comma,end,full,run 14 comma = 1000 15 end = 3 16 full = 2 17 run = 1 18 default_comma = 3 19 default_end = 3 20 default_full = 2 21 default_run = 1 22 23 [chinese] 24 name = volume,tones,speed,spokesman 25 volume = 5 26 tones = 5 27 speed = 5 28 spokesman = 1 29 default_volume = 5 30 default_tones = 5 31 default_speed = 5 32 default_spokesman = 1 33 34 [english] 35 name = volume,tones,speed,spokesman 36 volume = 5 37 tones = 5 38 speed = 5 39 spokesman = 1 40 default_volume = 5 41 default_tones = 5 42 default_speed = 5 43 default_spokesman = 1 44 45 [help] 46 47 [about]
示例ini配置文件操作程序1:
使用configparser函数,缺点:增删、修改都是重写ini文件操作
1 import configparser 2 import os 3 4 5 # *** 初始化配置文件路径 *** # 6 curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)) # 当前文件路径 7 inipath = os.path.join(curpath, "setting.ini") # 配置文件路径(组合、相对路径) 8 9 # *** 数据读取 *** # 10 conf = configparser.ConfigParser() 11 conf.read(inipath, encoding="utf-8") 12 # sections = conf.sections() # 获取所有的sections名称 13 # options = conf.options(sections[0]) # 获取section[0]中所有options的名称 14 # items = conf.items(sections[0]) # 获取section[0]中所有的键值对 15 # value = conf.get(sections[-1],'txt2') # 获取section[-1]中option的值,返回为string类型 16 # value1 = conf.getint(sections[0],'comma') # 返回int类型 17 # value2 = conf.getfloat(sections[0],'end') # 返回float类型 18 # value3 = conf.getboolean(sections[0],'run') # 返回boolen类型 19 20 # *** 删除内容 *** # 21 # conf.remove_option(sections[0], "comma") 22 # conf.remove_section(sections[1]) 23 24 # *** 修改内容 *** # 25 conf.set('txtB', "comma", "1000") 26 conf.write(open(inipath, "r+", encoding="utf-8")) # r+模式 27 28 29 # print(conf.items(sections[0]) )
示例ini配置文件操作程序2:
使用configobj 函数
1 from configobj import ConfigObj 2 # *** 配置文件预处理 *** # 3 config = ConfigObj("setting.ini",encoding='UTF8') 4 5 # *** 读配置文件 *** # 6 # print(config['txtB']) 7 # print(config['txtB']['name']) 8 9 # *** 修改配置文件 *** # 10 # config['txtB']['comma'] = "Mufasa" 11 # config.write() 12 13 # *** 添加section *** # 14 # config['txtC'] = {} 15 # config['txtC']['index0'] = "wanyu00" 16 # config.write()