《软件测试自动化之道》读书笔记 之 请求-响应测试
2016-12-06
1 发送一个简单的HTTP GET请求并取回响应
2 发送带有认证信息的HTTP请求并取回响应
3 发送复杂的HTTP GET请求并取回响应
4 发送简单的HTTP Post请求给传统的ASP网页
5 发送HTTP POST请求给ASP.ENT WEB应用程序
.NET框架提供了三种基本方法和两种底层方法用来发送HTTP请求和取回HTTP相应。下面从容易但不灵活，到不容易但灵活的循序，列出这5种方法（这篇文章只用到前三种）：
- WebClient：使用简单但不能发送认证信息。
- WebRequest-WebResponse：赋予你更大的灵活性，包括发送认证信息。
- HttpWebRequest-HttpWebResponse：更为复杂，但赋予你更多控制能力
- TCPClient：你可以使用的一个底层类，但不常用到
- Socket：非常底层，不长用到
WebClient、WebRequest-WebResponse、HttpWebRequest-HttpWebResponse命名空间：
using System.Net;
1 发送一个简单的HTTP GET请求并取回响应
被测网站：在IIS6上部署aspx网站
测试代码：
public static void SimpleHttpGet() { string uri = "http://localhost:82/WebForm.aspx"; WebClient wc = new WebClient(); Console.WriteLine("Sending an HTTP GET request to " + uri); byte[] bsReponse = wc.DownloadData(uri); string strResponse = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bsReponse); Console.WriteLine("HTTP response is: "); Console.WriteLine(strResponse); Console.Read(); }
结果：
2 发送带有认证信息的HTTP请求并取回响应
测试代码：
public static void HttpGetwithCredential() { string uri ="http://localhost:82/WebForm.aspx"; WebRequest wreq=WebRequest.Create(uri); string uid=""; string pwd=""; string domain=""; //发送带有网络认证证书的请求 NetworkCredential nc=new NetworkCredential(uid,pwd,domain); wreq.Credentials=nc; Console.WriteLine("Sending authenticated request to "+uri); WebResponse wres=wreq.GetResponse(); Stream st=wres.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr=new StreamReader(st); string res=sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); st.Close(); Console.WriteLine("HTTP response is "); Console.WriteLine(res); Console.Read(); }
3 发送复杂的HTTP GET请求并取回响应
测试代码：
public static void ComplexHttpGet() { string uri = "http://localhost:82/WebForm.aspx"; HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); //HttpWebRequest的一些属性对轻量级自动化测试非常重要 req.Method = "GET"; req.MaximumAutomaticRedirections = 3; req.Timeout = 5000; Console.WriteLine("Sending HTTP request"); HttpWebResponse res = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); Stream resst = res.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resst); Console.WriteLine("HTTP response is "); Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd()); sr.Close(); resst.Close(); Console.Read(); }
4 发送简单的HTTP Post请求给传统的ASP网页
被测网站内容如下：
classic.html
<html> <!-- classic.html--> <body> <form name="theForm" method="post" action="classic.asp" <p> Enter color <input type="text" name="inputBox1" /> </p> <input type="submit" value="Send It" /> </form> </body> </html>
classic.asp
<html> <!-- classic.asp--> <body> <p>You submitted: </p> <% strColor=Request.Form("inputBox1") Response.Write(strColor) %> <p>Bye</p> </body> </html>
部署参考：在IIS6上部署aspx网站
测试代码：
public static void SimpleHttpPostAsp() { string uri = "http://localhost:83/classic.asp"; string data = "inputBox1=orange"; byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); req.Method = "POST"; req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; req.ContentLength = buffer.Length; Stream reqst = req.GetRequestStream(); reqst.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //把要发送的书写入数据流 reqst.Flush(); reqst.Close(); Console.WriteLine(" Posting 'orange'"); HttpWebResponse res = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); Stream resst = res.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resst); Console.WriteLine("HTTP response is "); Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd()); sr.Close(); resst.Close(); Console.Read(); }
结果：
5 发送HTTP POST请求给ASP.ENT WEB应用程序
测试代码：
public static void HttpPostAspx() { string uri = "http://localhost:82/WebForm.aspx"; string data = "__VIEWSTATE=%2FwEPDwULLTEyNDE2MjMxNzNkZEwWGp029qxg0ycbgB3UBeugsJ04SyNbOLNpc95Kixqc" +"&__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR=7F653548" +"&__EVENTVALIDATION=%2FwEdAAZ0lKkwvK05W5mIs1ExVxxYFJ3tieLguAzMIB3WfVcaejp0qUSTozdispJAnlxpgx51PjL8QaLFsRLYz%2B7Kfg%2Ffzfg78Z8BXhXifTCAVkevdxEghZBVv0boc2NaC2%2FzVFTRPuZ4ec8CK4rSvp0TUuP1Tl0ENioJP5V4RaWiYgS2tg%3D%3D" + "&DropDownList1=red&Button1=Send&TextBox1="; //当前被测示例除了DropDownList1=red需要根据实际情况变化外，其他的值都不变 byte[] buffer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); req.Method = "POST"; req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; req.ContentLength = buffer.Length; Stream reqst = req.GetRequestStream(); reqst.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length); //把要发送的书写入数据流 reqst.Flush(); reqst.Close(); Console.WriteLine(" Posting 'orange'"); HttpWebResponse res = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); Stream resst = res.GetResponseStream(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resst); Console.WriteLine("HTTP response is "); Console.WriteLine(sr.ReadToEnd()); sr.Close(); resst.Close(); Console.Read(); }
结果：
若发送的测试代码 data 中 DropDownList1=green，结果就会是TextBox1 value=“you picked green”。
若data内容中 __VIEWSTATE等内容不对，结果TextBox1不会返回value属性。
