经常看到一些人在调试 Windows 服务时,很执著的在附加进程后调试!
其实 .Net 编写的 Windows 应用程序,包括 Windows 服务都可以编译成 Console 程序!
甚至于 ASP.Net ASPX 的 codebehind 里加个 Main 函数,编译成 Console 也未尝不可!
万事万物皆Console!(学自《thinking in java》万事万物皆对象!有点牵强,表笑偶)
利用 Visual Studio .Net 2003 创建的 "Windows 服务" 项目默认不是 Console,
你可以在项目属性中:
把 "通用属性->常规->输出类型->应用程序" 强行指定为 "控制台应用程序"
把 "配置属性->调试->启动选项->命令行参数" 指定为任意字符串,如: "/cxxx"
然后将生成的 C# 服务代码,如: Service.cs 的 Main 函数改为如下代码
{
Service1 x = new Service1();
if (args.Length > 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("Console");
x.OnStart(null);
Console.ReadLine();
}
else
{
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceBase[] ServicesToRun;
// 同一进程中可以运行多个用户服务。若要将
//另一个服务添加到此进程,请更改下行
// 以创建另一个服务对象。例如,
//
// ServicesToRun = New System.ServiceProcess.ServiceBase[] {new Service1(), new MySecondUserService()};
//
ServicesToRun = new System.ServiceProcess.ServiceBase[] { x};
System.ServiceProcess.ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun);
}
}
接下来就可以 F5 运行了,如果有客户端调用,且你设了断点,自然就可以断点调试了!
这个程序即可以服务方式运行,也可以在运行时指定命令行参数以 Console 运行!
绝不不影响 InstallUtil 部署该服务!
我在 程序代码 里经常加些 System.Console.WriteLine 的提示信息!
再多说几句:
Visual Studio 生成的服务程序代码比较多,并不是所有的代码都是必要的!
其实实现一个最简单的 Windows 服务,用不了太多的代码,
Service 的 Installer 的最关键代码是 ServiceName 要一致!
下面就是一个 SimpleService 的简单例子
{
using System;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Security.Principal;
using System.Configuration.Install;
public class SimpleService : ServiceBase //继承于 ServiceBase
{
public static readonly string serviceName = "Hello-World Service1";
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
SimpleService x = new SimpleService();
int l = 0;
if (args != null)
{
l = args.Length;
}
if (l > 0) //有参数时以 console 方式运行
{
Console.WriteLine("Run as Console");
x.OnStart(null);
Console.ReadLine();
}
else
//intallutil 成服务后
//即: 无参数时,以 Service 方式运行
{
Console.WriteLine("Run as Service");
ServiceBase.Run(x);
}
}
public SimpleService()
{
CanPauseAndContinue = true;
ServiceName = SimpleService.serviceName;
}
protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(".Net Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString());
Console.WriteLine("Current Identity: {0}", WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name);
Console.WriteLine("{0} started,at {1}", SimpleService.serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ss"));
//log 写入 windows 应用程序日志
EventLog.WriteEntry(string.Format(".Net Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString()));
EventLog.WriteEntry(string.Format("Current Identity: {0}", WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name));
EventLog.WriteEntry(string.Format("{0} started, at {1}", SimpleService.serviceName, DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ss")));
//在这里写你的程序
}
/// protected override void OnStop()
/// {
/// EventLog.WriteEntry("Hello-World Service stopped");
/// }
///
/// protected override void OnPause()
/// {
/// EventLog.WriteEntry("Hello-World Service paused");
/// }
///
/// protected override void OnContinue()
/// {
/// EventLog.WriteEntry("Hello-World Service continued");
/// }
}
//以下就是比普通应用程序多出的 ProjectInstaller
[RunInstallerAttribute(true)]
public class ProjectInstaller: Installer
{
private ServiceInstaller serviceInstaller;
private ServiceProcessInstaller processInstaller;
public ProjectInstaller(){
processInstaller = new ServiceProcessInstaller();
serviceInstaller = new ServiceInstaller();
// Service will run under system account
processInstaller.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem;
// Service will have Start Type of Manual
serviceInstaller.StartType = ServiceStartMode.Manual;
serviceInstaller.ServiceName = SimpleService.serviceName;
Installers.Add(serviceInstaller);
Installers.Add(processInstaller);
}
}
}
请用命令行编译:
csc service1.cs
编译生成 service1.exe ,其实就是一个 Console!
如果编译时加上 /debug 还可以结合 DbgCLR.exe 工具进行断点调试!
用命令行:
InstallUtil.exe service1.exe
安装成服务!
或者在 cmd 命令行状态,运行如下命令行:
service1.exe /xxx
就可以 Console 运行该 "服务"!
如果你有 System.Console.WriteLine 的提示信息,看着多爽!
有些时候 "服务" 方式启动不了时,用 Console 运行还可以很轻易的发现错误!
我个人现在工作中,基本不写大量代码!
因此基本不用 Visual Studio,很少写 WinForm、WebForm,只写 Console!
只是使用 EditPlus + SDK + DbgCLR 编写、调试一些功能简单的测试代码!
接下来吐血●●●推荐下载我强大的 EditPlus:
http://microshaoft.googlepages.com/EditPlus.v2.21.b381.zip
注意: 解压后请复制到你的D盘根目录,即目录为 D:\EditPlus
如果你想放在其他盘或目录下,请打开 EditPlus 目录下的一些 INI 文件,并替换路径,保存!
可以编写、编译:
C#、Java、C/C++ 等
并集成了一些有用的 .Net 命令行工具,如: wsdl.exe、installutil、regasm、tlbimp 等
(如果命令行工具的路径不对,请自行打开 tool.ini 文件替换你自己的相应路径)
收集了一些有用的代码片断,
欢迎使用,提意见!
namespace Microshaoft { using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Configuration.Install; using System.Security.Principal; using System.ServiceProcess; using Microshaoft.Win32; public class WindowsServiceHost : ServiceBase { static void Main(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine(Environment.CommandLine); WindowsServiceHost service = new WindowsServiceHost(); int l = 0; bool needFreeConsole = false; if (args != null) { l = args.Length; } if (l > 0) { if (args[0].ToLower() == "/console") { needFreeConsole = true; Console.Title = "Service Run as Console ..."; Console.WriteLine("Alloc Console ..."); NativeMethods.AllocConsole(); service.OnStart(args); Console.ReadLine(); return; } } Console.WriteLine("Service"); ServiceBase.Run(service); if (needFreeConsole) { Console.WriteLine("Free Console ..."); NativeMethods.FreeConsole(); } } public WindowsServiceHost() { CanPauseAndContinue = true; } protected override void OnStart(string[] args) { Console.WriteLine("[{0}]", string.Join(" ", args)); Console.WriteLine("Current User Identity: {0}", WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name); Console.WriteLine(".Net Framework version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString()); } } [RunInstallerAttribute(true)] public class ProjectInstaller : Installer { private ServiceInstaller _serviceInstaller; private ServiceProcessInstaller _processInstaller; public ProjectInstaller() { _processInstaller = new ServiceProcessInstaller(); _serviceInstaller = new ServiceInstaller(); // Service will run under system account _processInstaller.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem; // Service will have Start Type of Manual _serviceInstaller.StartType = ServiceStartMode.Manual; //_serviceInstaller.ServiceName = WindowsServiceHost.serviceName; Installers.Add(_serviceInstaller); Installers.Add(_processInstaller); } public override void Install(IDictionary stateSaver) { SetServiceName(); base.Install(stateSaver); } public override void Uninstall(IDictionary savedState) { SetServiceName(); base.Uninstall(savedState); } private void SetServiceName() { var parameters = Context.Parameters; var parametersKeys = parameters.Keys; //foreach (KeyValuePair<string, string> kvp in parameters) foreach (string s in parametersKeys) { var k = s.Trim().ToLower(); if (k == "servicename") { //var serviceName = kvp.Value; var serviceName = parameters[k]; _serviceInstaller.ServiceName = serviceName; _serviceInstaller.DisplayName = serviceName; break; } } } } } namespace Microshaoft.Win32 { using System.Runtime.InteropServices; public class NativeMethods { /// <summary> /// 启动控制台 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern bool AllocConsole(); /// <summary> /// 释放控制台 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> [DllImport("kernel32.dll")] public static extern bool FreeConsole(); } } |