• 3.rabbitmq--发布订阅模式


    rabbitmq-----发布订阅模式

     模型组成

    一个消费者Producer,一个交换机Exchange,多个消息队列Queue,多个消费者Consumer

    一个生产者,多个消费者,每一个消费者都有自己的一个队列,生产者没有将消息直接发送到队列,而是发送到了交换机,每个队列绑定交换机,生产者发送的消息经过交换机,到达队列,实现一个消息被多个消费者获取的目的。需要注意的是,如果将消息发送到一个没有队列绑定的exchange上面,那么该消息将会丢失,这是因为在rabbitMQ中exchange不具备存储消息的能力,只有队列具备存储消息的能力。

    Exchange

    相比较于前两种模型Hello World和Work,这里多一个一个Exchange。其实Exchange是RabbitMQ的标配组成部件之一,前两种没有提到Exchange是为了简化模型,即使模型中没有看到Exchange的声明,其实还是声明了一个默认的Exchange。

    RabbitMQ中实际发送消息并不是直接将消息发送给消息队列,消息队列也没那么聪明知道这条消息从哪来要到哪去。RabbitMQ会先将消息发送个Exchange,Exchange会根据这条消息打上的标记知道该条消息从哪来到哪去。

    Exchange凭什么知道消息的何去何从,因为Exchange有几种类型:direct,fanout,topic和headers。这里说的订阅者模式就可以认为是fanout模式了。

    RabbitMQ中,所有生产者提交的消息都由Exchange来接受,然后Exchange按照特定的策略转发到Queue进行存储 
    RabbitMQ提供了四种Exchangefanout,direct,topic,header .发布/订阅模式就是是基于fanout Exchange实现的。

      • fanout这种模式不需要指定队列名称,需要将Exchangequeue绑定,他们之间的关系是‘多对多’的关系 
        任何发送到fanout Exchange的消息都会被转发到与该Exchange绑定的queue上面。

    订阅者模式有何不同
    订阅者模式相对前面的Work模式有和不同?Work也有多个消费者,但是只有一个消息队列,并且一个消息只会被某一个消费者消费。但是订阅者模式不一样,它有多个消息队列,也有多个消费者,而且一条消息可以被多个消费者消费,类似广播模式。下面通过实例代码看看这种模式是如何收发消息的。

     1 package com.maozw.mq.pubsub;
     2 
     3 import com.maozw.mq.config.RabbitConfig;
     4 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
     5 import org.slf4j.Logger;
     6 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
     7 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.Connection;
     8 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
     9 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
    10 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    11 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    12 import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    13 
    14 import java.io.IOException;
    15 import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;
    16 
    17 import static org.apache.log4j.varia.ExternallyRolledFileAppender.OK;
    18 
    19 /**
    20  * work 模式
    21  * 两种分发: 轮询分发 + 公平分发
    22  * 轮询分发:消费端:自动确认消息;boolean autoAck = true;
    23  * 公平分发: 消费端:手动确认消息 boolean autoAck = false; channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
    24  *
    25  * @author MAOZW
    26  * @Description: ${todo}
    27  * @date 2018/11/26 15:06
    28  */
    29 @RestController
    30 @RequestMapping("/publish")
    31 public class PublishProducer {
    32     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PublishProducer.class);
    33     @Autowired
    34     RabbitConfig rabbitConfig;
    35 
    36 
    37     @RequestMapping("/send/{exchangeName}/{queueName}")
    38     public String send(@PathVariable String exchangeName, @PathVariable String queueName) throws IOException, TimeoutException {
    39         Connection connection = null;
    40         Channel channel= null;
    41         try {
    42             ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = rabbitConfig.connectionFactory();
    43             connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    44             channel = connection.createChannel(false);
    45 
    46             /**
    47              * 申明交换机
    48              */
    49             channel.exchangeDeclare(exchangeName,"fanout");
    50 
    51             /**
    52              * 发送消息
    53              * 每个消费者 发送确认消息之前,消息队列不会发送下一个消息给消费者,一次只处理一个消息
    54              * 自动模式无需设置下面设置
    55              */
    56             int prefetchCount = 1;
    57             channel.basicQos(prefetchCount);
    58 
    59             String Hello = ">>>> Hello Simple <<<<";
    60             for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    61                 String message = Hello + i;
    62                 channel.basicPublish(RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_AAAAA, "", null, message.getBytes());
    63                 LOGGER.info("生产消息: " + message);
    64             }
    65             return "OK";
    66         }catch (Exception e) {
    67 
    68         } finally {
    69             connection.close();
    70             channel.close();
    71             return OK;
    72         }
    73     }
    74 }

     订阅1

     1 package com.maozw.mq.pubsub;
     2 
     3 import com.maozw.mq.config.RabbitConfig;
     4 import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
     5 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
     6 import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
     7 import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
     8 import org.slf4j.Logger;
     9 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    10 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.Connection;
    11 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
    12 
    13 import java.io.IOException;
    14 
    15 /**
    16  * @author MAOZW
    17  * @Description: ${todo}
    18  * @date 2018/11/26 15:06
    19  */
    20 
    21 public class SubscribeConsumer {
    22     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SubscribeConsumer.class);
    23 
    24     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    25         ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = RabbitConfig.getConnectionFactory();
    26         Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    27         Channel channel = connection.createChannel(false);
    28         /**
    29          * 创建队列申明
    30          */
    31         boolean durable = true;
    32         channel.queueDeclare(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_PUBSUB_FANOUT, durable, false, false, null);
    33         /**
    34          * 绑定队列到交换机
    35          */
    36         channel.queueBind(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_PUBSUB_FANOUT, RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_AAAAA,"");
    37 
    38         /**
    39          * 改变分发规则
    40          */
    41         channel.basicQos(1);
    42         DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
    43             @Override
    44             public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
    45                 super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body);
    46                 System.out.println("[2] 接口数据 : " + new String(body, "utf-8"));
    47                 try {
    48                     Thread.sleep(300);
    49                 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    50                     e.printStackTrace();
    51                 } finally {
    52                     System.out.println("[2] done!");
    53                     //消息应答:手动回执,手动确认消息
    54                     channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
    55                 }
    56             }
    57         };
    58         //监听队列
    59         /**
    60          * autoAck 消息应答
    61          *  默认轮询分发打开:true :这种模式一旦rabbitmq将消息发送给消费者,就会从内存中删除该消息,不关心客户端是否消费正常。
    62          *  使用公平分发需要关闭autoAck:false  需要手动发送回执
    63          */
    64         boolean autoAck = false;
    65         channel.basicConsume(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_PUBSUB_FANOUT,autoAck, consumer);
    66     }
    67     
    68 }
     1 package com.maozw.mq.pubsub;
     2 
     3 import com.maozw.mq.config.RabbitConfig;
     4 import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
     5 import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
     6 import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
     7 import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;
     8 import org.slf4j.Logger;
     9 import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
    10 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.Connection;
    11 import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
    12 
    13 import java.io.IOException;
    14 
    15 /**
    16  * @author MAOZW
    17  * @Description: ${todo}
    18  * @date 2018/11/26 15:06
    19  */
    20 
    21 public class SubscribeConsumer2 {
    22     private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SubscribeConsumer2.class);
    23 
    24     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    25         ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = RabbitConfig.getConnectionFactory();
    26         Connection connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
    27         Channel channel = connection.createChannel(false);
    28         /**
    29          * 创建队列申明
    30          */
    31         boolean durable = true;
    32         channel.queueDeclare(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_PUBSUB_FANOUT2, durable, false, false, null);
    33         /**
    34          * 绑定队列到交换机
    35          */
    36         channel.queueBind(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_PUBSUB_FANOUT2, RabbitConfig.EXCHANGE_AAAAA,"");
    37 
    38         /**
    39          * 改变分发规则
    40          */
    41         channel.basicQos(1);
    42         DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
    43             @Override
    44             public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
    45                 super.handleDelivery(consumerTag, envelope, properties, body);
    46                 System.out.println("[2] 接口数据 : " + new String(body, "utf-8"));
    47                 try {
    48                     Thread.sleep(400);
    49                 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
    50                     e.printStackTrace();
    51                 } finally {
    52                     System.out.println("[2] done!");
    53                     //消息应答:手动回执,手动确认消息
    54                     channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(),false);
    55                 }
    56             }
    57         };
    58         //监听队列
    59         /**
    60          * autoAck 消息应答
    61          *  默认轮询分发打开:true :这种模式一旦rabbitmq将消息发送给消费者,就会从内存中删除该消息,不关心客户端是否消费正常。
    62          *  使用公平分发需要关闭autoAck:false  需要手动发送回执
    63          */
    64         boolean autoAck = false;
    65         channel.basicConsume(RabbitConfig.QUEUE_PUBSUB_FANOUT2,autoAck, consumer);
    66     }
    67 }
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Mao-admin/p/10033999.html
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