• iOS开发UI篇—简单的浏览器查看程序


    iOS开发UI篇—简单的浏览器查看程序

    一、程序实现要求

    1.要求

    2. 界面分析

    (1) 需要读取或修改属性的控件需要设置属性

    序号标签

    图片

    图片描述

    左边按钮

    右边按钮

    (2) 需要监听响应事件的对象,需要添加监听方法

    左边按钮

    右边按钮

    二、实现基本功能的程序

    复制代码

    //
    // YYViewController.m
    // 03-图片浏览器初步
    //
    // Created by apple on 14-5-21.
    // Copyright (c) 2014年 itcase. All rights reserved.
    //

    #import "YYViewController.h"

    #define POTOIMGW 200
    #define POTOIMGH 300
    #define POTOIMGX 60
    #define POTOIMGY 50


    @interface YYViewController ()

    //变量声明!
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *firstlab;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *lastlab;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *icon;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *leftbtn;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *rightbtn;

    -(void)change;
    @property(nonatomic ,assign)int i;
    @end

    @implementation YYViewController

    - (void)viewDidLoad
    {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.i=0;
    //创建一个用来显示序号的lable控件
    UILabel *headlab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 10, 300, 30)];

    // [headlab setText:@"1/5"];
    [headlab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
    [headlab setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

    [self.view addSubview:headlab];
    self.firstlab=headlab;



    //创建一个装载图片的控件
    UIImageView *potoimg=[[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(POTOIMGX, POTOIMGY, POTOIMGW, POTOIMGH)];

    UIImage *image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"biaoqingdi"];
    potoimg.image=image;

    [self.view addSubview:potoimg];
    self.icon=potoimg;



    //创建最下边的描述图片的lable控件
    UILabel *desclab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 400, 300, 30)];
    // [desclab setText:@"表情弱爆了!"];
    [desclab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
    [self.view addSubview:desclab];
    self.lastlab=desclab;


    //创建两个方向键按钮
    //设置为自定义类型
    //1.使用类创建对象
    UIButton *leftbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

    //2.设置对象的属性(不要忘记设置坐标)
    leftbtn.frame=CGRectMake(0, self.view.center.y, 40, 40);
    [leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

    //3.提交对象到视图
    [self.view addSubview:leftbtn];

    self.leftbtn=leftbtn;
    [leftbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(leftclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];


    UIButton *rightbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

    rightbtn.frame=CGRectMake(POTOIMGX+POTOIMGW+10, self.view.center.y, 40, 40);
    [rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

    [self.view addSubview:rightbtn];

    self.rightbtn=rightbtn;
    [rightbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rightclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];

    //这是一个初始化方法,调用change可以完成初始化的工作
    [self change];
    }

    -(void)change
    {
    [self.firstlab setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d/5",self.i+1]];
    switch (self.i) {
    case 0:
    self.lastlab.text=@"什么表情都弱爆了!";
    self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"biaoqingdi"];
    break;
    case 1:
    self.lastlab.text=@"病例";
    self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"bingli"];
    break;
    case 2:
    self.lastlab.text=@"王八";
    self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"wangba"];
    break;
    case 3:
    self.lastlab.text=@"吃牛扒";
    self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"chiniupa"];
    break;
    case 4:
    self.lastlab.text=@"蛋疼!";
    self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"danteng"];
    break;
    }
    //控制按钮的点击,如果为5则右键失效,如果为1,则左键失效
    self.leftbtn.enabled=(self.i!=0);
    self.rightbtn.enabled=(self.i!=4);

    }

    //向右按键
    -(void)rightclick:(UIButton *)btn
    {
    self.i++;
    [self change];
    //NSLog(@"点我了");
    }
    -(void)leftclick:(UIButton *)btn
    {
    self.i--;
    [self change];
    }
    - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
    {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
    }

    @end

    复制代码

    三、程序优化

    复制代码

    1 // 2 // YYViewController.m 3 // 03-图片浏览器初步 4 // 5 // Created by apple on 14-5-21. 6 // Copyright (c) 2014年 itcase. All rights reserved. 7 // 8 9 #import "YYViewController.h" 10 11 #define POTOIMGW 200 12 #define POTOIMGH 300 13 #define POTOIMGX 60 14 #define POTOIMGY 50 15 16 17 @interface YYViewController () 18 19 //变量声明! 20 @property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *firstlab; 21 @property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *lastlab; 22 @property(nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *icon; 23 @property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *leftbtn; 24 @property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *rightbtn; 25 26 @property(nonatomic,strong)NSArray *array; 27 28 -(void)change; 29 @property(nonatomic ,assign)int i; 30 @end 31 32 @implementation YYViewController 33 34 - (void)viewDidLoad 35 { 36 [super viewDidLoad]; 37 self.i=0; 38 //创建一个用来显示序号的lable控件 39 UILabel *headlab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 10, 300, 30)]; 40 41 // [headlab setText:@"1/5"]; 42 [headlab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter]; 43 [headlab setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]]; 44 45 [self.view addSubview:headlab]; 46 self.firstlab=headlab; 47 48 49 50 //创建一个装载图片的控件 51 UIImageView *potoimg=[[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(POTOIMGX, POTOIMGY, POTOIMGW, POTOIMGH)]; 52 53 UIImage *image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"biaoqingdi"]; 54 potoimg.image=image; 55 56 [self.view addSubview:potoimg]; 57 self.icon=potoimg; 58 59 60 61 //创建最下边的描述图片的lable控件 62 UILabel *desclab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 400, 300, 30)]; 63 // [desclab setText:@"表情弱爆了!"]; 64 [desclab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter]; 65 [self.view addSubview:desclab]; 66 self.lastlab=desclab; 67 68 69 70 //创建两个方向键按钮 71 //设置为自定义类型 72 //1.使用类创建对象 73 UIButton *leftbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; 74 75 //2.设置对象的属性(不要忘记设置坐标) 76 leftbtn.frame=CGRectMake(0, self.view.center.y, 40, 40); 77 [leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; 78 [leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; 79 80 //3.提交对象到视图 81 [self.view addSubview:leftbtn]; 82 83 self.leftbtn=leftbtn; 84 [leftbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(leftclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; 85 86 87 UIButton *rightbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom]; 88 89 rightbtn.frame=CGRectMake(POTOIMGX+POTOIMGW+10, self.view.center.y, 40, 40); 90 [rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; 91 [rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; 92 93 [self.view addSubview:rightbtn]; 94 95 self.rightbtn=rightbtn; 96 [rightbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rightclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; 97 //放在这里的话,只会创建一次,但是这个部分和[self change];部分有很严格的顺序要求,并不人性化,可以考虑使用懒加载特性 98 // NSDictionary *dict1=@{@"name": @"biaoqingdi",@"desc":@"什么表情都弱爆了!"}; 99 // NSDictionary *dict2=@{@"name": @"bingli",@"desc":@"病例"}; 100 // NSDictionary *dict3=@{@"name": @"wangba",@"desc":@"乌龟"}; 101 // NSDictionary *dict4=@{@"name": @"chiniupa",@"desc":@"吃牛扒"}; 102 // NSDictionary *dict5=@{@"name": @"danteng",@"desc":@"蛋疼"}; 103 // 104 // self.array=@[dict1,dict2,dict3,dict4,dict5]; 105 //这是一个初始化方法,调用change可以完成初始化的工作 106 [self change]; 107 } 108 109 -(void)change 110 { 111 //每次调用都需要创建?有没有什么解决办法? 112 // NSDictionary *dict1=@{@"name": @"biaoqingdi",@"desc":@"什么表情都弱爆了!"}; 113 // NSDictionary *dict2=@{@"name": @"bingli",@"desc":@"病例"}; 114 // NSDictionary *dict3=@{@"name": @"wangba",@"desc":@"乌龟"}; 115 // NSDictionary *dict4=@{@"name": @"chiniupa",@"desc":@"吃牛扒"}; 116 // NSDictionary *dict5=@{@"name": @"danteng",@"desc":@"蛋疼"}; 117 // 118 // NSArray *array=@[dict1,dict2,dict3,dict4,dict5]; 119 120 121 //设置照片 122 //先根据self.i取出数组中的元素,再取出元素(字典)中键值对应的值 123 // self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:array[self.i][@"name"]]; 124 // self.lastlab.text=array[self.i][@"desc"]; 125 // NSLog(@"%@",array[self.i][@"desc"]); 126 127 self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:self.array[self.i][@"name"]]; 128 self.lastlab.text=self.array[self.i][@"desc"]; 129 130 [self.firstlab setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d/5",self.i+1]]; 131 132 // switch (self.i) { 133 // case 0: 134 // self.lastlab.text=@"什么表情都弱爆了!"; 135 // self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"biaoqingdi"]; 136 // break; 137 // case 1: 138 // self.lastlab.text=@"病例"; 139 // self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"bingli"]; 140 // break; 141 // case 2: 142 // self.lastlab.text=@"王八"; 143 // self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"wangba"]; 144 // break; 145 // case 3: 146 // self.lastlab.text=@"吃牛扒"; 147 // self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"chiniupa"]; 148 // break; 149 // case 4: 150 // self.lastlab.text=@"蛋疼!"; 151 // self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"danteng"]; 152 // break; 153 // } 154 //控制按钮的点击,如果为5则右键失效,如果为1,则左键失效 155 self.leftbtn.enabled=(self.i!=0); 156 self.rightbtn.enabled=(self.i!=4); 157 158 } 159 160 //array的get方法 161 -(NSArray *)array 162 { 163 NSLog(@"需要获取数组"); 164 //只实例化一次 165 if (_array==nil) { 166 NSLog(@"实例化数组"); 167 NSDictionary *dict1=@{@"name": @"biaoqingdi",@"desc":@"什么表情都弱爆了!"}; 168 NSDictionary *dict2=@{@"name": @"bingli",@"desc":@"病例"}; 169 NSDictionary *dict3=@{@"name": @"wangba",@"desc":@"乌龟"}; 170 NSDictionary *dict4=@{@"name": @"chiniupa",@"desc":@"吃牛扒"}; 171 NSDictionary *dict5=@{@"name": @"danteng",@"desc":@"蛋疼"}; 172 _array=@[dict1,dict2,dict3,dict4,dict5]; 173 } 174 // NSDictionary *dict1=@{@"name": @"biaoqingdi",@"desc":@"什么表情都弱爆了!"}; 175 // NSDictionary *dict2=@{@"name": @"bingli",@"desc":@"病例"}; 176 // NSDictionary *dict3=@{@"name": @"wangba",@"desc":@"乌龟"}; 177 // NSDictionary *dict4=@{@"name": @"chiniupa",@"desc":@"吃牛扒"}; 178 // NSDictionary *dict5=@{@"name": @"danteng",@"desc":@"蛋疼"}; 179 180 // _array=@[dict1,dict2,dict3,dict4,dict5]; 181 return _array; 182 } 183 184 //向右按键 185 -(void)rightclick:(UIButton *)btn 186 { 187 self.i++; 188 [self change]; 189 } 190 191 //向左按键 192 -(void)leftclick:(UIButton *)btn 193 { 194 self.i--; 195 [self change]; 196 } 197 198 199 - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning 200 { 201 [super didReceiveMemoryWarning]; 202 } 203 204 @end
    复制代码

    说明:

    1> 定义控件属性,注意:属性必须是strong的,示例代码如下:

    @property (nonatomic, strong) UIImageView *icon;

    2> 在属性的getter方法中实现懒加载,示例代码如下:

    复制代码

    1 - (UIImageView *)icon 2 3 { 4 5 if (!_icon) { 6 7 // 计算位置参数 8 9 CGFloat imageW = 200; 10 11 CGFloat imageX = (320 - imageW) / 2; 12 13 CGFloat imageH = 200; 14 15 CGFloat imageY = 80; 16 17 // 实例化图像视图 18 19 _icon = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(imageX, imageY, imageW, imageH)]; 20 21 // 将图像视图添加到主视图 22 23 [self.view addSubview:_icon]; 24 25 } 26 27 return _icon; 28 29 }
    复制代码

    四、使用plist文件

    (1)使用Plist文件的目的:将数据与代码分离

    (2)加载方法:

    NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"ImageData" ofType:@"plist"];

    _imageList = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path];

    提示:通常在方法中出现File字眼,通常需要传递文件的全路径作为参数

    (3)代码示例

    复制代码

    //
    // YYViewController.m
    // 03-图片浏览器初步
    //
    // Created by apple on 14-5-21.
    // Copyright (c) 2014年 itcase. All rights reserved.
    //

    #import "YYViewController.h"

    #define POTOIMGW 200
    #define POTOIMGH 300
    #define POTOIMGX 60
    #define POTOIMGY 50


    @interface YYViewController ()

    //变量声明!
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *firstlab;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UILabel *lastlab;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UIImageView *icon;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *leftbtn;
    @property(nonatomic,strong)UIButton *rightbtn;

    @property(nonatomic,strong)NSArray *array;

    -(void)change;
    @property(nonatomic ,assign)int i;
    @end

    @implementation YYViewController

    - (void)viewDidLoad
    {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.i=0;
    //创建一个用来显示序号的lable控件
    UILabel *headlab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 10, 300, 30)];

    // [headlab setText:@"1/5"];
    [headlab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
    [headlab setTextColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

    [self.view addSubview:headlab];
    self.firstlab=headlab;



    //创建一个装载图片的控件
    UIImageView *potoimg=[[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(POTOIMGX, POTOIMGY, POTOIMGW, POTOIMGH)];

    UIImage *image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"biaoqingdi"];
    potoimg.image=image;

    [self.view addSubview:potoimg];
    self.icon=potoimg;

    //创建最下边的描述图片的lable控件
    UILabel *desclab=[[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(20, 400, 300, 30)];
    // [desclab setText:@"表情弱爆了!"];
    [desclab setTextAlignment:NSTextAlignmentCenter];
    [self.view addSubview:desclab];
    self.lastlab=desclab;


    //创建两个方向键按钮
    //设置为自定义类型
    //1.使用类创建对象
    UIButton *leftbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

    //2.设置对象的属性(不要忘记设置坐标)
    leftbtn.frame=CGRectMake(0, self.view.center.y, 40, 40);
    [leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [leftbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"left_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

    //3.提交对象到视图
    [self.view addSubview:leftbtn];

    self.leftbtn=leftbtn;
    [leftbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(leftclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];


    UIButton *rightbtn=[UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeCustom];

    rightbtn.frame=CGRectMake(POTOIMGX+POTOIMGW+10, self.view.center.y, 40, 40);
    [rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_normal"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [rightbtn setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"right_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];

    [self.view addSubview:rightbtn];

    self.rightbtn=rightbtn;
    [rightbtn addTarget:self action:@selector(rightclick:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [self change];
    }

    -(void)change
    {
    self.icon.image=[UIImage imageNamed:self.array[self.i][@"name"]];
    self.lastlab.text=self.array[self.i][@"desc"];

    [self.firstlab setText:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d/5",self.i+1]];

    self.leftbtn.enabled=(self.i!=0);
    self.rightbtn.enabled=(self.i!=4);

    }

    //array的get方法
    -(NSArray *)array
    {
    NSLog(@"需要获取数组");
    //只实例化一次
    if (_array==nil) {

    NSString *path=[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"data" ofType:@"plist"];
    //数组的数据从文件获取
    // _array=[NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:path];
    _array=[[NSArray alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:path];
    //打印查看包的位置
    NSLog(@"%@",path);

    NSLog(@"实例化数组");
    }

    return _array;
    }

    //向右按键
    -(void)rightclick:(UIButton *)btn
    {
    self.i++;
    [self change];
    }

    //向左按键
    -(void)leftclick:(UIButton *)btn
    {
    self.i--;
    [self change];
    }

    - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning
    {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    }

    @end

    复制代码

    (4)plist文件

    (5)实现效果

    五、补充

    开发思路:

    1.完成基本功能

    2.考虑性能

    (1)(初始化操作,可以直接调用change进行)

    (2)因为要控制序号和图片两个变量,所以考虑使用字典代替掉switch

    (3)每次点击,字典都需要创建一次,效率地下,可以考虑创建的这部分拿到初始化方法中去,这样就只需要创建一次就ok了。

    (4)考虑缺点(对代码的顺序要求极其严格)

    (5)懒加载(需要的时候才加载,那么什么时候是需要的时候,及调用get方法的时候)

    (6)每次都来一下?效率低下—》只有第一次调用get方法时为空,此时实例化并建立数组,其他时候直接返回成员变量(仅仅执行一次)

    注意点:

    1.方法的调用堆栈(顺序)。

    2.使用plist:让数据的操作更加灵活,把数据弄到外面去,解除耦合性,让耦合性不要太强。实际上是一个xml,是苹果定义的一种特殊格式的xml。

    3.bundle-包(只读)

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/LifeTechnologySupporter/p/9665570.html
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