• EMQ (Erlang/Enterprise/Elastic MQTT Broker)


    EMQ (Erlang/Enterprise/Elastic MQTT Broker)

    https://www.cnblogs.com/SteveLee/p/9843215.html

    MQ介绍
      EMQ (Erlang/Enterprise/Elastic MQTT Broker) 是基于 Erlang/OTP 平台开发的开源物联网 MQTT 消息服务器。Erlang/OTP 是出色的软实时(Soft-Realtime)、低延时(Low-Latency)、分布式(Distributed) 的语言平台。MQTT 是轻量的(Lightweight)、发布订阅模式(PubSub) 的物联网(IoT)消息协议。

    订阅(pub)/发布(sub)模式

    消息队列中的广播(fanout)模式

    轻量化:docker镜像都才88.4MB

    一些关于常用EMQTT的快速链接:
    官网API地址:http://www.emqtt.com/docs/v2/
    开源项目地址:https://github.com/emqtt
    Docker安装模式:http://www.emqtt.com/docs/v2/install.html#docker
    MQTT介绍和场景:https://www.mqtt.com/

    安装过程
    假如你的centos上已经安装了Docker,并pull了devicexx/emqttd这个镜像,输入如下命令
    docker run -dit --name=sample_emqtt --restart=always -p 18083:18083 -p 1883:1883 -p 8083:8083 -p 8883:8883 998429a869e8

    确保映射如下几个端口
    1883、8083、8883:这三个是基于EMQTT传输通讯的端口
    18083:这个是EMQTT Web控制台的端口

    我的虚拟机IP网段是153.132,直接输入http://192.168.153.132:18083进入Web控制台,默认用户名和密码是admin, public

    至此EMQTT已经顺利安装完成。

    在NET Core中使用EMQ:
    emqtt官网没有提供.net的客户端,在nuget和github上找到了实现了MQTT协议的公共组件。

    MQTTnet nuget: https://www.nuget.org/packages/MQTTnet/
    MQTTnet github: https://github.com/chkr1011/MQTTnet

    MQTTnet Client的几个主要事件:
    ApplicationMessageReceived:MQTTnet中主要方法事件,当接收到消息的时候,该事件触发。包含Topic,Payload,Qos,Retain主要成员。
    Connected:客户端成功连接时触发。
    Disconnected:客户端丢失连接时触发。

    创建一个发布者
    先创建一个发布者Publisher的配置类,代码简单:
    复制代码
    public static class PublisherConfig
    {
    ///


    /// 创建mqtt的客户端接口实例
    ///

    public static readonly IMqttClient Client = new MqttFactory().CreateMqttClient();

        /// <summary>
        /// 创建mqtt配置选项
        /// </summary>
        public static readonly MqttClientOptions ClientOptions = new MqttClientOptions
        {
            // 通道选项
            ChannelOptions = new MqttClientTcpOptions
            {
                Server = "192.168.153.132"
            },
            
            /*
             * 客户端ID
             * 在MQTTnet框架中,当ClientId未赋值,将使用默认的GUID生成默认的ClientId
             */
            ClientId = "Client_publisher",
            
            // 客户端认证
            Credentials = new MqttClientCredentials
            {
                Username = "clientUser_01",
                Password = "123123"
            }
        };
    
        public const string Topic = MQTT_Common.Config.Topic.Name;
    }
    

    复制代码

    为了测试方便,创建了一个全局固定的Topic名称

    public static class Topic
    {
        public const string Name = "/WorldTopic";
    }
    

    再创建一个发布者Publisher,代码简单

    复制代码
    public static class Publisher
    {
    private static readonly IMqttClient Client = PublisherConfig.Client;
    private static readonly MqttClientOptions ClientOptions = PublisherConfig.ClientOptions;
    private static readonly string Topic = PublisherConfig.Topic;

        public static void RunAsync()
        {
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("publisher is running");
                CreateConnection();
                LoopInput().Wait();
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(exception);
            }
        }
        
        private static void CreateConnection()
        {
            CommonEventHandler.EventHandler(Client, ClientOptions);
            CommonEventHandler.TryConnectionAsync(Client, ClientOptions);
        }
        
        private static async Task LoopInput()
        {
            while (true)
            {
                await Client.SubscribeAsync("/World");
    
                Console.WriteLine("输入消息数据:");
                var r = Console.ReadLine();
    
                var applicationMessage = new MqttApplicationMessageBuilder()
                    .WithTopic(Topic)         // 设置主题
                    .WithPayload(r)           // 设置载荷(消息内容)
                    .WithAtLeastOnceQoS()     // 设置质量
                    .WithRetainFlag(false)    // 设置持久化
                    .Build();
    
                await Client.PublishAsync(applicationMessage);
            }   
        }
    

    复制代码

    创建一个或多个订阅者
    复制代码
    public static class SubscriberConfig01
    {
    public static readonly IMqttClient Client = new MqttFactory().CreateMqttClient();

        public static readonly MqttClientOptions ClientOptions = new MqttClientOptions
        {
            ChannelOptions = new MqttClientTcpOptions
            {
                Server = "192.168.153.132"
            },
            // 唯一需要修改的Client唯一ID
            ClientId = "Client_01",
            Credentials = new MqttClientCredentials
            {
                // 用户可用多个,也可不启用客户端验证
                Username = "clientUser_02",
                Password = "123123"
            }
        };
    
        public const string Topic = MQTT_Common.Config.Topic.Name;
    }
    

    复制代码

    MQTTnet中所有连接端都是Client,所以唯一的变化是ClientID这个值,可使用系统GUID自动生成,也可以使用不同的Client限定名。

    复制代码
    public static class Subscriber01
    {
    private static readonly IMqttClient Client = SubscriberConfig01.Client;
    private static readonly MqttClientOptions ClientOptions = SubscriberConfig01.ClientOptions;
    private static readonly string Topic = SubscriberConfig01.Topic;

        public static async Task RunAsync()
        {
            try
            {
                Console.WriteLine("subscriber 1 is running");
                CreateConnection();
                // 注册/订阅Topic主题
                await Client.SubscribeAsync(Topic);
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(exception);
            }
        }
    
        private static void CreateConnection()
        {
            CommonEventHandler.EventHandler(Client, ClientOptions);
            CommonEventHandler.TryConnectionAsync(Client, ClientOptions);
        }
    }
    

    复制代码

    公共函数CommonEventHandler,用于公共事件处理和连接尝试

    复制代码
    public static class CommonEventHandler
    {
    ///


    /// 添加Client相关事件处理函数
    ///

    /// IMqttClient客户端
    /// MqttClientOptions配置选项
    /// 主题Topic名称
    public static void EventHandler(IMqttClient client, MqttClientOptions clientOptions, string subscribe = "#")
    {
    client.ApplicationMessageReceived += (s, e) =>
    {
    Console.WriteLine("### 收到程序消息 ###");
    Console.WriteLine($"+ [主题]Topic = {e.ApplicationMessage.Topic}");
    Console.WriteLine($"+ [载荷]Payload = {Encoding.UTF8.GetString(e.ApplicationMessage.Payload)}");
    Console.WriteLine($"+ [质量]QoS = {e.ApplicationMessage.QualityOfServiceLevel}");
    Console.WriteLine($"+ [持久]Retain = {e.ApplicationMessage.Retain}");
    Console.WriteLine();
    };

            client.Connected += async (s, e) =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("### 成功连接MQTT ###");
                if (!subscribe.Equals("#")) return;
                await client.SubscribeAsync(new TopicFilterBuilder().WithTopic("#").Build());
                Console.WriteLine($"### 成功订阅主题[{subscribe}] ###");
            };
    
            client.Disconnected += async (s, e) =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("### 连接丢失 ###");
                await Task.Delay(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));
                try
                {
                    await client.ConnectAsync(clientOptions);
                }
                catch
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("### 连接错误 ###");
                }
            };
        }
        
        /// <summary>
        /// 尝试Client连接到EMQTT
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="client">IMqttClient客户端</param>
        /// <param name="clientOptions">MqttClientOptions配置选项</param>
        public static void TryConnectionAsync(IMqttClient client, MqttClientOptions clientOptions)
        {
            try
            {
                client.ConnectAsync(clientOptions).Wait();
            }
            catch (Exception exception)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("### 连接错误 ###" + Environment.NewLine + exception);
            }
        }
    }
    

    复制代码

    配置三个客户端,一个作为发布者,两个作为订阅者,通过发布者输入任意数据,运行结果如下:

    其中发布者客户端会收到一个Retain=True的消息,是因为之前有发布过一条持久化的消息,该消息已经存储在EMQTT中,每次启动均会主动向订阅过"/World"的订阅者再次推送该条持久化的消息。
    根据生产消费的机制,此处消息理当已经被消费和清除,但不清楚为何EMQ仍然存在。

    总结
    本篇简单介绍使用EMQTT的PubSub模式,并使用MQTTnet客户端连接并订阅和发布消息内容。

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/Leo_wl/p/9874834.html
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