• 用 C# 绘制曲线图(Curve图,增加自动适应和多曲线绘制)


    在N久之前,我发过一个绘制曲线的文章 先发个绘制曲线图的:用ASP.NET with C# 绘制曲线图(Curve图) 里面介绍了简单的绘制曲线图的方法.近来重新翻阅了这篇文章.心情大好之下又重新修改了一下绘制方法,增加自动适应数据的处理和可以根据传入的数据绘制多条曲线

    照例先上图:

    比以前Cool吧?呵呵,其实就是根据数据自动计算边距和字体等.

            /// <summary>
            
    /// 自动根据参数调整图像大小
            
    /// </summary>
            public void Fit()
            {
                
    //计算字体距离
                intFontSpace = FontSize + 5;
                
    //计算图像边距
                float fltSpace = Math.Min(Width / 6, Height / 6);
                XSpace 
    = fltSpace;
                YSpace 
    = fltSpace;
                
    //计算X轴刻度宽度
                XSlice = (Width - 2 * XSpace) / (Keys.Length - 1);
                
    //计算Y轴刻度宽度和Y轴刻度开始值
                float fltMinValue = 0;
                
    float fltMaxValue = 0;
                
    for (int i = 0; i < Values.Length; i++)
                {
                    
    if (Values[i] < fltMinValue)
                    {
                        fltMinValue 
    = Values[i];
                    }
                    
    else if (Values[i] > fltMaxValue)
                    {
                        fltMaxValue 
    = Values[i];
                    }
                }
                
    if (YSliceBegin > fltMinValue)
                {
                    YSliceBegin 
    = fltMinValue;
                }
                
    int intYSliceCount = (int)(fltMaxValue / YSliceValue);
                
    if (fltMaxValue % YSliceValue != 0)
                {
                    intYSliceCount
    ++;
                }
                YSlice 
    = (Height - 2 * YSpace) / intYSliceCount;
            }

    看我把数据缩小一个级别的效果:




    因为代码里面充斥了大量注释,也不敲太多文字了..完整代码奉上:

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing.Drawing2D;

    namespace SarchPMS.Business.Draw
    {
        
    public class DrawingCurve : DrawingChart
        {
            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 画曲线图
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <param name="dsParameter"></param>
            
    /// <returns></returns>
            public override Bitmap DrawImage(DataSet dsParameter)
            {
                Curve2D cuv2D 
    = new Curve2D();
                cuv2D.Fit();
                
    return cuv2D.CreateImage();
            }
        }

        
    public class Curve2D
        {
            
    private Graphics objGraphics; //Graphics 类提供将对象绘制到显示设备的方法
            private Bitmap objBitmap; //位图对象

            
    private float fltWidth = 480//图像宽度
            private float fltHeight = 248//图像高度
            private float fltXSlice = 50//X轴刻度宽度
            private float fltYSlice = 50//Y轴刻度宽度
            private float fltYSliceValue = 20//Y轴刻度的数值宽度
            private float fltYSliceBegin = 0//Y轴刻度开始值
            private float fltTension = 0.5f;
            
    private string strTitle = "曲线图"//标题
            private string strXAxisText = "月份"//X轴说明文字
            private string strYAxisText = "万元"//Y轴说明文字
            private string[] strsKeys = new string[] { "一月""二月""三月""四月""五月""六月""七月""八月""九月""十月""十一月""十二月" }; //
            private float[] fltsValues = new float[] { 20.0f30.0f50.0f55.4f21.6f12.8f99.5f36.4f78.2f56.4f45.8f66.5f99.5f36.4f78.2f56.4f45.8f66.5f20.0f30.0f50.0f55.4f21.6f12.8f }; //
            private Color clrBgColor = Color.Snow; //背景色
            private Color clrTextColor = Color.Black; //文字颜色
            private Color clrBorderColor = Color.Black; //整体边框颜色
            private Color clrAxisColor = Color.Black; //轴线颜色
            private Color clrAxisTextColor = Color.Black; //轴说明文字颜色
            private Color clrSliceTextColor = Color.Black; //刻度文字颜色
            private Color clrSliceColor = Color.Black; //刻度颜色
            private Color[] clrsCurveColors = new Color[] { Color.Red, Color.Blue }; //曲线颜色
            private float fltXSpace = 100f; //图像左右距离边缘距离
            private float fltYSpace = 100f; //图像上下距离边缘距离
            private int intFontSize = 9//字体大小号数
            private float fltXRotateAngle = 30f; //X轴文字旋转角度
            private float fltYRotateAngle = 0f; //Y轴文字旋转角度
            private int intCurveSize = 2//曲线线条大小
            private int intFontSpace = 0//intFontSpace 是字体大小和距离调整出来的一个比较适合的数字

            
    #region 公共属性

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 图像的宽度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float Width
            {
                
    set
                {
                    
    if (value < 100)
                    {
                        fltWidth 
    = 100;
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        fltWidth 
    = value;
                    }
                }
                
    get
                {
                    
    if (fltWidth <= 100)
                    {
                        
    return 100;
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        
    return fltWidth;
                    }
                }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 图像的高度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float Height
            {
                
    set
                {
                    
    if (value < 100)
                    {
                        fltHeight 
    = 100;
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        fltHeight 
    = value;
                    }
                }
                
    get
                {
                    
    if (fltHeight <= 100)
                    {
                        
    return 100;
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        
    return fltHeight;
                    }
                }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// X轴刻度宽度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float XSlice
            {
                
    set { fltXSlice = value; }
                
    get { return fltXSlice; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// Y轴刻度宽度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float YSlice
            {
                
    set { fltYSlice = value; }
                
    get { return fltYSlice; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// Y轴刻度的数值宽度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float YSliceValue
            {
                
    set { fltYSliceValue = value; }
                
    get { return fltYSliceValue; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// Y轴刻度开始值
            
    /// </summary>
            public float YSliceBegin
            {
                
    set { fltYSliceBegin = value; }
                
    get { return fltYSliceBegin; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 张力系数
            
    /// </summary>
            public float Tension
            {
                
    set
                {
                    
    if (value < 0.0f && value > 1.0f)
                    {
                        fltTension 
    = 0.5f;
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        fltTension 
    = value;
                    }
                }
                
    get
                {
                    
    return fltTension;
                }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 标题
            
    /// </summary>
            public string Title
            {
                
    set { strTitle = value; }
                
    get { return strTitle; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 键,X轴数据
            
    /// </summary>
            public string[] Keys
            {
                
    set { strsKeys = value; }
                
    get { return strsKeys; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 值,Y轴数据
            
    /// </summary>
            public float[] Values
            {
                
    set { fltsValues = value; }
                
    get { return fltsValues; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 背景色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color BgColor
            {
                
    set { clrBgColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrBgColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 文字颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color TextColor
            {
                
    set { clrTextColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrTextColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 整体边框颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color BorderColor
            {
                
    set { clrBorderColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrBorderColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 轴线颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color AxisColor
            {
                
    set { clrAxisColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrAxisColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// X轴说明文字
            
    /// </summary>
            public string XAxisText
            {
                
    set { strXAxisText = value; }
                
    get { return strXAxisText; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// Y轴说明文字
            
    /// </summary>
            public string YAxisText
            {
                
    set { strYAxisText = value; }
                
    get { return strYAxisText; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 轴说明文字颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color AxisTextColor
            {
                
    set { clrAxisTextColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrAxisTextColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 刻度文字颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color SliceTextColor
            {
                
    set { clrSliceTextColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrSliceTextColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 刻度颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color SliceColor
            {
                
    set { clrSliceColor = value; }
                
    get { return clrSliceColor; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 曲线颜色
            
    /// </summary>
            public Color[] CurveColors
            {
                
    set { clrsCurveColors = value; }
                
    get { return clrsCurveColors; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// X轴文字旋转角度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float XRotateAngle
            {
                
    get { return fltXRotateAngle; }
                
    set { fltXRotateAngle = value; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// Y轴文字旋转角度
            
    /// </summary>
            public float YRotateAngle
            {
                
    get { return fltYRotateAngle; }
                
    set { fltYRotateAngle = value; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 图像左右距离边缘距离
            
    /// </summary>
            public float XSpace
            {
                
    get { return fltXSpace; }
                
    set { fltXSpace = value; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 图像上下距离边缘距离
            
    /// </summary>
            public float YSpace
            {
                
    get { return fltYSpace; }
                
    set { fltYSpace = value; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 字体大小号数
            
    /// </summary>
            public int FontSize
            {
                
    get { return intFontSize; }
                
    set { intFontSize = value; }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 曲线线条大小
            
    /// </summary>
            public int CurveSize
            {
                
    get { return intCurveSize; }
                
    set { intCurveSize = value; }
            }

            
    #endregion

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 自动根据参数调整图像大小
            
    /// </summary>
            public void Fit()
            {
                
    //计算字体距离
                intFontSpace = FontSize + 5;
                
    //计算图像边距
                float fltSpace = Math.Min(Width / 6, Height / 6);
                XSpace 
    = fltSpace;
                YSpace 
    = fltSpace;
                
    //计算X轴刻度宽度
                XSlice = (Width - 2 * XSpace) / (Keys.Length - 1);
                
    //计算Y轴刻度宽度和Y轴刻度开始值
                float fltMinValue = 0;
                
    float fltMaxValue = 0;
                
    for (int i = 0; i < Values.Length; i++)
                {
                    
    if (Values[i] < fltMinValue)
                    {
                        fltMinValue 
    = Values[i];
                    }
                    
    else if (Values[i] > fltMaxValue)
                    {
                        fltMaxValue 
    = Values[i];
                    }
                }
                
    if (YSliceBegin > fltMinValue)
                {
                    YSliceBegin 
    = fltMinValue;
                }
                
    int intYSliceCount = (int)(fltMaxValue / YSliceValue);
                
    if (fltMaxValue % YSliceValue != 0)
                {
                    intYSliceCount
    ++;
                }
                YSlice 
    = (Height - 2 * YSpace) / intYSliceCount;
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 生成图像并返回bmp图像对象
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <returns></returns>
            public Bitmap CreateImage()
            {
                InitializeGraph();

                
    int intKeysCount = Keys.Length;
                
    int intValuesCount = Values.Length;
                
    if (intValuesCount % intKeysCount == 0)
                {
                    
    int intCurvesCount = intValuesCount / intKeysCount;
                    
    for (int i = 0; i < intCurvesCount; i++)
                    {
                        
    float[] fltCurrentValues = new float[intKeysCount];
                        
    for (int j = 0; j < intKeysCount; j++)
                        {
                            fltCurrentValues[j] 
    = Values[i * intKeysCount + j];
                        }
                        DrawContent(
    ref objGraphics, fltCurrentValues, clrsCurveColors[i]);
                    }
                }
                
    else
                {
                    objGraphics.DrawString(
    "发生错误,Values的长度必须是Keys的整数倍!"new Font("宋体", FontSize + 5), new SolidBrush(TextColor), new Point((int)XSpace, (int)(Height / 2)));
                }

                
    return objBitmap;
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 初始化和填充图像区域,画出边框,初始标题
            
    /// </summary>
            private void InitializeGraph()
            {

                
    //根据给定的高度和宽度创建一个位图图像
                objBitmap = new Bitmap((int)Width, (int)Height);

                
    //从指定的 objBitmap 对象创建 objGraphics 对象 (即在objBitmap对象中画图)
                objGraphics = Graphics.FromImage(objBitmap);

                
    //根据给定颜色(LightGray)填充图像的矩形区域 (背景)
                objGraphics.DrawRectangle(new Pen(BorderColor, 1), 00, Width - 1, Height - 1); //画边框
                objGraphics.FillRectangle(new SolidBrush(BgColor), 11, Width - 2, Height - 2); //填充边框

                
    //画X轴,注意图像的原始X轴和Y轴计算是以左上角为原点,向右和向下计算的
                float fltX1 = XSpace;
                
    float fltY1 = Height - YSpace;
                
    float fltX2 = Width - XSpace + XSlice / 2;
                
    float fltY2 = fltY1;
                objGraphics.DrawLine(
    new Pen(new SolidBrush(AxisColor), 1), fltX1, fltY1, fltX2, fltY2);

                
    //画Y轴
                fltX1 = XSpace;
                fltY1 
    = Height - YSpace;
                fltX2 
    = XSpace;
                fltY2 
    = YSpace - YSlice / 2;
                objGraphics.DrawLine(
    new Pen(new SolidBrush(AxisColor), 1), fltX1, fltY1, fltX2, fltY2);

                
    //初始化轴线说明文字
                SetAxisText(ref objGraphics);

                
    //初始化X轴上的刻度和文字
                SetXAxis(ref objGraphics);

                
    //初始化Y轴上的刻度和文字
                SetYAxis(ref objGraphics);

                
    //初始化标题
                CreateTitle(ref objGraphics);
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 初始化轴线说明文字
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <param name="objGraphics"></param>
            private void SetAxisText(ref Graphics objGraphics)
            {
                
    float fltX = Width - XSpace + XSlice / 2 - (XAxisText.Length - 1* intFontSpace;
                
    float fltY = Height - YSpace - intFontSpace;
                objGraphics.DrawString(XAxisText, 
    new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(AxisTextColor), fltX, fltY);

                fltX 
    = XSpace + 5;
                fltY 
    = YSpace - YSlice / 2 - intFontSpace;
                
    for (int i = 0; i < YAxisText.Length; i++)
                {
                    objGraphics.DrawString(YAxisText[i].ToString(), 
    new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(AxisTextColor), fltX, fltY);
                    fltY 
    += intFontSpace; //字体上下距离
                }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 初始化X轴上的刻度和文字
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <param name="objGraphics"></param>
            private void SetXAxis(ref Graphics objGraphics)
            {
                
    float fltX1 = XSpace;
                
    float fltY1 = Height - YSpace;
                
    float fltX2 = XSpace;
                
    float fltY2 = Height - YSpace;
                
    int iCount = 0;
                
    int iSliceCount = 1;
                
    float Scale = 0;
                
    float iWidth = ((Width - 2 * XSpace) / XSlice) * 50//将要画刻度的长度分段,并乘以50,以10为单位画刻度线。
                float fltSliceHeight = XSlice / 10//刻度线的高度

                objGraphics.TranslateTransform(fltX1, fltY1); 
    //平移图像(原点)
                objGraphics.RotateTransform(XRotateAngle, MatrixOrder.Prepend); //旋转图像
                objGraphics.DrawString(Keys[0].ToString(), new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(SliceTextColor), 00);
                objGraphics.ResetTransform(); 
    //重置图像

                
    for (int i = 0; i <= iWidth; i += 10//以10为单位
                {
                    Scale 
    = i * XSlice / 50;//即(i / 10) * (XSlice / 5),将每个刻度分五部分画,但因为i以10为单位,得除以10

                    
    if (iCount == 5)
                    {
                        objGraphics.DrawLine(
    new Pen(new SolidBrush(AxisColor)), fltX1 + Scale, fltY1 + fltSliceHeight * 1.5f, fltX2 + Scale, fltY2 - fltSliceHeight * 1.5f);
                        
    //画网格虚线
                        Pen penDashed = new Pen(new SolidBrush(AxisColor));
                        penDashed.DashStyle 
    = DashStyle.Dash;
                        objGraphics.DrawLine(penDashed, fltX1 
    + Scale, fltY1, fltX2 + Scale, YSpace - YSlice / 2);
                        
    //这里显示X轴刻度
                        if (iSliceCount <= Keys.Length - 1)
                        {
                            objGraphics.TranslateTransform(fltX1 
    + Scale, fltY1);
                            objGraphics.RotateTransform(XRotateAngle, MatrixOrder.Prepend);
                            objGraphics.DrawString(Keys[iSliceCount].ToString(), 
    new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(SliceTextColor), 00);
                            objGraphics.ResetTransform();
                        }
                        
    else
                        {
                            
    //超过范围,不画任何刻度文字
                        }
                        iCount 
    = 0;
                        iSliceCount
    ++;
                        
    if (fltX1 + Scale > Width - XSpace)
                        {
                            
    break;
                        }
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        objGraphics.DrawLine(
    new Pen(new SolidBrush(SliceColor)), fltX1 + Scale, fltY1 + fltSliceHeight, fltX2 + Scale, fltY2 - fltSliceHeight);
                    }
                    iCount
    ++;
                }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 初始化Y轴上的刻度和文字
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <param name="objGraphics"></param>
            private void SetYAxis(ref Graphics objGraphics)
            {
                
    float fltX1 = XSpace;
                
    float fltY1 = Height - YSpace;
                
    float fltX2 = XSpace;
                
    float fltY2 = Height - YSpace;
                
    int iCount = 0;
                
    float Scale = 0;
                
    int iSliceCount = 1;
                
    float iHeight = ((Height - 2 * YSpace) / YSlice) * 50//将要画刻度的长度分段,并乘以50,以10为单位画刻度线。
                float fltSliceWidth = YSlice / 10//刻度线的宽度
                string strSliceText = string.Empty;

                objGraphics.TranslateTransform(XSpace 
    - intFontSpace * YSliceBegin.ToString().Length, Height - YSpace); //平移图像(原点)
                objGraphics.RotateTransform(YRotateAngle, MatrixOrder.Prepend); //旋转图像
                objGraphics.DrawString(YSliceBegin.ToString(), new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(SliceTextColor), 00);
                objGraphics.ResetTransform(); 
    //重置图像

                
    for (int i = 0; i < iHeight; i += 10)
                {
                    Scale 
    = i * YSlice / 50//即(i / 10) * (YSlice / 5),将每个刻度分五部分画,但因为i以10为单位,得除以10

                    
    if (iCount == 5)
                    {
                        objGraphics.DrawLine(
    new Pen(new SolidBrush(AxisColor)), fltX1 - fltSliceWidth * 1.5f, fltY1 - Scale, fltX2 + fltSliceWidth * 1.5f, fltY2 - Scale);
                        
    //画网格虚线
                        Pen penDashed = new Pen(new SolidBrush(AxisColor));
                        penDashed.DashStyle 
    = DashStyle.Dash;
                        objGraphics.DrawLine(penDashed, XSpace, fltY1 
    - Scale, Width - XSpace + XSlice / 2, fltY2 - Scale);
                        
    //这里显示Y轴刻度
                        strSliceText = Convert.ToString(YSliceValue * iSliceCount + YSliceBegin);
                        objGraphics.TranslateTransform(XSpace 
    - intFontSize * strSliceText.Length, fltY1 - Scale); //平移图像(原点)
                        objGraphics.RotateTransform(YRotateAngle, MatrixOrder.Prepend); //旋转图像
                        objGraphics.DrawString(strSliceText, new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(SliceTextColor), 00);
                        objGraphics.ResetTransform(); 
    //重置图像

                        iCount 
    = 0;
                        iSliceCount
    ++;
                    }
                    
    else
                    {
                        objGraphics.DrawLine(
    new Pen(new SolidBrush(SliceColor)), fltX1 - fltSliceWidth, fltY1 - Scale, fltX2 + fltSliceWidth, fltY2 - Scale);
                    }
                    iCount
    ++;
                }
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 画曲线
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <param name="objGraphics"></param>
            private void DrawContent(ref Graphics objGraphics, float[] fltCurrentValues, Color clrCurrentColor)
            {
                Pen CurvePen 
    = new Pen(clrCurrentColor, CurveSize);
                PointF[] CurvePointF 
    = new PointF[Keys.Length];
                
    float keys = 0;
                
    float values = 0;

                
    for (int i = 0; i < Keys.Length; i++)
                {
                    keys 
    = XSlice * i + XSpace;
                    values 
    = (Height - YSpace) + YSliceBegin - YSlice * (fltCurrentValues[i] / YSliceValue);
                    CurvePointF[i] 
    = new PointF(keys, values);
                }
                objGraphics.DrawCurve(CurvePen, CurvePointF, Tension);
            }

            
    /// <summary>
            
    /// 初始化标题
            
    /// </summary>
            
    /// <param name="objGraphics"></param>
            private void CreateTitle(ref Graphics objGraphics)
            {
                objGraphics.DrawString(Title, 
    new Font("宋体", FontSize), new SolidBrush(TextColor), new Point((int)(Width - XSpace) - intFontSize * Title.Length, (int)(YSpace - YSlice / 2 - intFontSpace)));
            }
        }
    }


    虽然系统最后附上完整代码,但是上边已经贴完了.再上传代码就显得白痴了....大家Copy上边代码到自己的项目中,调用DrawImage即可看到效果.

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/KenBlove/p/1301564.html
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