winForm入门学习

Windows窗体

1. 属性:

   1. name:对象的名称
   2. windowsState:初始化窗体的大小,Normal,Minimized,Maximized
   3. StartPosition:窗体起始位置,Manual(由Location属性决定),CenterScreen(居中显示),WindowsDefaultLocation(Windows默认位置),WindowsDefaultBounds(Windows默认位置,边界由Windows决定),CenterParent(在父窗口居中)
   4. Text: 窗体的标题,给用户看
   5. MaximizeBox,MinimizeBox: 是否有最大化最小化的按钮
   6. BackColor:背景颜色
   7. BackgroundImage: 背景图片
   8. BackgroundImageLayout: 背景图片的布局, None（居左显示）、Tile（图像重复，默认值）、Stretch（拉伸）、Center（居中）、Zoom（按比例放大到合适大小）
   9. Enabled:窗体是否可用
   10. Font: 设置窗体上字体
   11. ForeColor:设置窗体上文字颜色
   12. Icon:设置窗体图标

2. 事件

   1. load:窗体加载事件
   2. mouseClick:鼠标单击事件
   3. mouseDoubleClick:鼠标双击事件
   4. mouseMove:鼠标移动事件
   5. keyDown:键盘按下事件
   6. keyUp:键盘释放事件
   7. FormClosing:窗体关闭时事件
   8. FormClosed:窗体关闭后事件

3. 消息框(DialogResult MessageBox.Show(提示语,窗体名,选择项按钮MessageBoxButtons ,提示语图标MessageBoxIcon)

   1. 选项按钮:OK,OKCancel,AbortRetryIgnore(中止,重试,忽略),YesNoCancel,YesNo,RetryCancel(重试,取消)
      2.提示语图标:None,(Hand,Stop,Error)红x,Question问号,(Exclamation,Warning)警告,(Asterisk,Information)提示
      3.返回值:None,Ok,Cancel,Abort(中止),Retry(重试),Ignore(忽略),Yes,No

4. Label和LinkLabel：标签控件

   • Name: 标签名,唯一标识
   • Text:内容
   • Font:文字样式
   • FontColor:文本颜色
   • BackColor:背景颜色
   • Image:背景图片
   • AutoSize:是否自动调整标签大小 true,false
   • Size:标签大小
   • Visible:标签是否可见
     5.TextBox：文本框
   • Text: 文本内容
   • MaxLength：文本框最多输入字符个数
   • WordWrap：自动换行
   • PasswordChar：密码字符替换
   • Multiline：多行文本文本框
   • ReadOnly：只读
   • Lines：文本行数
   • ScrollBars：滚动条

5. Button：按钮控件

6. RadioButton：单选按钮

7. CheckBox：多选按钮

8. CheckedListBox：多选集合

9. ListBox：列表

   • MultiColumn：列表是否支持多列
   • Items：列表框的值
   • SelectedItems：选中项的集合
   • SelectedItem：选中项
   • SelectedIndex：选中项的索引
   • SelectionMode：列表选择模式
     • One:只能选择一项
     • MultiSimple :可选择多项
     • None: 不可选择
     • MultiExtended:可选择多项但要按下shift

   • 方法:

     • Add: 添加项
     • Insert: 指定位置添加项

     • Remove: 移除项

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加按钮
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button1_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(textBox1.Text != null && textBox1.Text != "") {
        listBox1.Items.Add(textBox1.Text);
        textBox1.Text = "";
        } else {
        MessageBox.Show("不得为空");
        }
       
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 查看选中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button2_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        string s = "";
        for(int i = 0;i < listBox1.SelectedItems.Count;i++) {
        s = s + "   " + listBox1.SelectedItems[i].ToString();
        }
        MessageBox.Show("选中项为" + s);
        }
       
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button3_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        List<string> list = new List<string>();
        for(int i = 0;i < listBox1.SelectedItems.Count;i++) {
        list.Add(listBox1.SelectedItems[i].ToString());
        }
        foreach(string s in list) {
        listBox1.Items.Remove(s);
        }
        }
       

10. ComboBox:组合框
    • DropDownStyle:外观 Simple(显示文本框和列表框,文本框可编辑),DropDown(只显示文本框,文本框可通过鼠标展开,可编辑),DropDownList(只显示文本框,文本框可通过鼠标展开,不可编辑)
    • Items: 获取或设置组合中的值
    • Text:获取或设置组合框中的文本
    • MaxDropDownItems: 获取或设置最多显示的项数
    • Stored: 是否排序

        /// <summary>
        /// 初始化
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void ComboBox_Load(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        comboBox1.Items.Add("计算机网络技术");
        comboBox1.Items.Add("软件工程");
        comboBox1.Items.Add("生物制药");
        comboBox1.Items.Add("会计");
        comboBox1.Items.Add("平面设计");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加按钮
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button1_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if (textBox1.Text == "") {
        MessageBox.Show("不得为空");
        return;
        }
        if (comboBox1.Items.Contains(textBox1.Text)) {
        MessageBox.Show("当前专业已存在");
        return;
        }
        comboBox1.Items.Add(textBox1.Text);
        textBox1.Text = "";
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// combox
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void ComboBox1_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        DialogResult dialogResult = MessageBox.Show("当前所选专业为" + comboBox1.Text + "是否删除?","提示",MessageBoxButtons.YesNo,MessageBoxIcon.Question);
        if (dialogResult == DialogResult.Yes) {
        comboBox1.Items.Remove(comboBox1.Text);
        MessageBox.Show("删除完成");
        }
        }
      

11. PictureBox:图片控件

    • Image:获取或设置显示的图片
    • ImageLocation: 获取或设置图片路径
    • SizeMode: 设置图片显示大小和位置Normal(显示在左上角),Stretchimage(适应控件大小),AutoSize(控件大小适应图片大小),Centerimage(图片在图片控件居中),Zoom(图片自动缩放至符合图片控件的大小)

12. Timer:定时器控件

        /// <summary>
        /// 当窗体最小化时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void SizeChange(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized) {
        this.Hide();
        notifyIcon1.Visible = true;
        notifyIcon1.ShowBalloonTip(20,"demo","this is a demo",ToolTipIcon.Warning);
        }
        }
    

13. DateTime日期时间控件

    • Short:短日期格式,例如2019/1/1
    • Long:长日期格式,例如2019年1月1日
    • Time:仅显示时间,例如22:00:00
    • Custom:用户自定义显示格式

        /// <summary>
        /// 定时器设置
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void DateTime_Load(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        dateTimePicker1.Format = DateTimePickerFormat.Time;
        timer1.Interval = 1000;
        timer1.Start();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 定时器触发
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Timer1_Tick(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        dateTimePicker1.ResetText();
        }
      

14. ContextMeanStrip :右击菜单控件

15. MonthCalendar: 时间控件
16. treeView

        private void TreeView_Load(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        treeView1.Nodes.Add("全部信息");
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加下级
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button1_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(treeView1.SelectedNode == null) {
        MessageBox.Show("请选择节点!!!!");
        } else if(textBox1.Text != "") {
        TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode(textBox1.Text);
        treeView1.SelectedNode.Nodes.Add(treeNode);
        } else {
        MessageBox.Show("节点信息不得为空!");
        }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加同级
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button3_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(treeView1.SelectedNode.Parent == null) {
        MessageBox.Show("请添加下级");
        return;
        }
        if(treeView1.SelectedNode == null) {
        MessageBox.Show("请选择节点!!!!");
        } else if(textBox1.Text != "") {
        TreeNode treeNode = new TreeNode(textBox1.Text);
        treeView1.SelectedNode.Parent.Nodes.Add(treeNode);
        treeView1.ExpandAll();
        } else {
        MessageBox.Show("节点信息不得为空!");
        }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除节点
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button2_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(treeView1.SelectedNode == null) {
        MessageBox.Show("请选择节点!!!!");
        } else if(treeView1.SelectedNode.Nodes.Count == 0) {
        treeView1.SelectedNode.Remove();
        } else {
        MessageBox.Show("请先删除子节点");
        }
        }
    

17. listView

     /// <summary>
        /// 初始化列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void ListView_Load(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        //标题
        ColumnHeader c1 = new ColumnHeader();
        c1.Width = 100;
        c1.Text = "姓名";
        ColumnHeader c2 = new ColumnHeader();
        c2.Width = 50;
        c2.Text = "年龄";
        ColumnHeader c3 = new ColumnHeader();
        c3.Width = 100;
        c3.Text = "手机号";
        //显示网格线
        listView1.GridLines = true;
        //显示全行
        listView1.FullRowSelect = true;
        //设置只能单选
        listView1.MultiSelect = false;
        //显示详细信息
        listView1.View = View.Details;
        //添加标题
        listView1.Columns.Add(c1);
        listView1.Columns.Add(c2);
        listView1.Columns.Add(c3);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button1_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(label1.Text.Equals("") && label2.Text.Equals("") && label3.Text.Equals("")) {
        ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem();
        //第一列的数据
        item.Text = textBox1.Text;
        //第二列的数据
        item.SubItems.Add(textBox2.Text);
        //第三列数据
        item.SubItems.Add(textBox3.Text);
        listView1.Items.Add(item);
        MessageBox.Show("添加成功");
        //添加后把文本输入框清空
        foreach(Control c in Controls) {
        if(c is TextBox) {
        c.Text = "";
        }
        }
        } else {
        MessageBox.Show("请填写内容");
        }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 删除
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button2_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
    
        List<ListViewItem> list = new List<ListViewItem>();
        for(int i = 0;i < listView1.SelectedItems.Count;i++) {
    
        list.Add(listView1.SelectedItems[i]);
        }
        foreach(ListViewItem item in list) {
    
        listView1.Items.Remove(item);
        }
        }
    

18. notifyIcon: 托盘控件

        /// <summary>
        /// 当窗体最小化时
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void SizeChange(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        if(WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized) {
        this.Hide();
        notifyIcon1.Visible = true;
        notifyIcon1.ShowBalloonTip(20,"demo","this is a demo",ToolTipIcon.Warning);
        }
        }
    

19. toolTip:气泡控件

              /// <summary>
        /// 设置气泡
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void OpenAndSaveFile_Load(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        toolTip1.ToolTipTitle = "提示";
        toolTip1.ToolTipIcon = ToolTipIcon.Info;
        toolTip1.SetToolTip(this.button1,"打开文件");
        }
    

20. MDI窗体: 窗体内窗体
21. progressBar进度条控件

        /// <summary>
        /// 开始跑进度条
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button1_Click_1(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        progressBar1.Maximum = 1000;
        progressBar1.Value = i;
        label1.Show();
        while (progressBar1.Value!=progressBar1.Maximum){
        label1.Text = "进度:"+progressBar1.Value*100 / progressBar1.Maximum+"%";
        label1.Refresh();
        i++;
        progressBar1.Value = i;
        Thread.Sleep(100);
        }
    

22. panel容器

        /// <summary>
        /// 控制panel容器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sender"></param>
        /// <param name="e"></param>
        private void Button1_Click(object sender,EventArgs e) {
        //清空容器容器中的控件
        this.panel1.Controls.Clear();
        //new一个进度条控件
        progressBar progress = new progressBar();
        //不设置或出现System.ArgumentException:“无法将顶级控件添加到控件。”
        progress.TopLevel = false;
        //让进度条控件的大小以容器大小为主
        progress.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
        //去除窗口边界
        progress.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.None;
        //设置最大化
        progress.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized;
        //隐藏工具栏
        progress.Visible = false;
        //容器大小设置为窗口大小
        panel1.Height = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Size.Height;
        panel1.Width = Screen.PrimaryScreen.Bounds.Size.Width;
        this.panel1.Controls.Add(progress);
        progress.Show();
        }
    

    相关代码在GitHub地址

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